Microimplantation of foreign materials for assessment of foreign body immune responses and granuloma formation in zebrafish larvae

SUMMARYSchistosome eggs provoke the formation of granulomas, organized immune aggregates, around them. For the host, the granulomatous response can be both protective and pathological. Granulomas are also postulated to facilitate egg extrusion through the gut lumen, a necessary step for parasite transmission. We used zebrafish larvae to visualize the granulomatous response to Schistosoma mansoni eggs and inert egg-sized beads. Mature eggs rapidly recruit macrophages, which form granulomas within days. Egg-sized inert beads also induce granulomas rapidly, through a foreign body response. Strikingly, immature eggs evade macrophage recruitment altogether, revealing that the eggshell is immunological inert. These findings suggest that the parasite modulates the timing of granuloma formation to its advantage, inhibiting foreign body granuloma formation until it reaches the optimal maturation and location for extrusion. At this point, the parasite secretes specific antigens through the eggshell to trigger granulomas that might facilitate egg extrusion.

Download Full-text

Foreign-body conjunctival granuloma secondary to finger-nail trauma

Asian Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.35119/asjoo.v14i2.87 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 73-76

Author(s):

V. Sowmya ◽

Nelly E.P. Nazareth ◽

Vijna B. Kamath

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Pediatric Population ◽

Foreign Body Granuloma ◽

Granuloma Formation ◽

Excision Biopsy ◽

Insect Wing ◽

Finger Nail ◽

The Past ◽

Eye Trauma

A foreign body lodged in the conjunctiva can trigger a granuloma formation. In the past, cilia, caterpillar hair, insect wing and fibers have been reported to incite foreignbody granuloma formation in the eye. Trauma to the eye with finger nail is frequently encountered but goes unnoticed among the pediatric population. Finger-nail trauma to the eye leading to a mass has not been reported in literature. We hereby report a case of conjunctival foreign-body granuloma in a seven-year-old child following finger-nail trauma. Excision biopsy and histopathology of the mass affirmed the diagnosis.

Download Full-text

Impression Material Mass Retained in the Mucobuccal Fold

Case Reports in Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2014/416965 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

N. Karam Genno ◽

A. Assaf

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Case History ◽

Foreign Bodies ◽

Dental Materials ◽

Spectrometric Analysis ◽

Mucosal Tissue ◽

Impression Material ◽

Foreign Materials ◽

Tissue Reactions

Trapped foreign bodies and tissue reactions to foreign materials are commonly encountered in the oral cavity. Traumatically introduced dental materials, instruments, or needles are the most common materials referred to in the dental literature. This paper describes an iatrogenic foreign body encapsulation in the oral mucosa, clinically appearing as5×10 mm tumor-like swelling with an intact overlying epithelium and diagnosed as a polymeric impression material. Detailed case history and, clinical and radiographic examinations including CBCT and spectrometric analysis of the retrieved sample were necessary to determine accurately the nature, size, and location of the foreign body. It is suggested that the origin of the material relates to an impression made 2 years ago, leaving a mass trapped in a traumatized mucosal tissue.

Download Full-text

Migration of aluminum silicate from the oral cavity to the submandibular region, with foreign body granuloma formation: report of a case

Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology ◽

10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.04.014 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 104 (4) ◽

pp. e45-e49 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Raul González-García ◽

Francisco J. Rodríguez-Campo ◽

Leticia Román-Romero ◽

Jesús Sastre-Pérez ◽

Carlos Gamallo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Oral Cavity ◽

Foreign Body Granuloma ◽

Granuloma Formation ◽

Aluminum Silicate ◽

Submandibular Region

Download Full-text

A comparison of foreign body and hypersensitivity granuloma formation in the mouse: Kinetic development, anergy, angiotensin converting enzyme levels, and response to captopril therapy

Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology ◽

10.1016/0090-1229(91)90148-4 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 56-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C.H. Stone ◽

D.C. Allred ◽

B.L. Oliver ◽

S. Cohen ◽

R.S. Thrall

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ◽

Granuloma Formation ◽

Converting Enzyme

Download Full-text

Granuloma formation following cyanoacrylate glue injection in peripheral veins and arteriovenous malformation

Phlebology The Journal of Venous Disease ◽

10.1177/0268355519856756 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 35 (2) ◽

pp. 115-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kurosh Parsi ◽

Mina Kang ◽

Anes Yang ◽

Steven Kossard

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Venous Malformation ◽

Tissue Reaction ◽

Granuloma Formation ◽

Cyanoacrylate Glue ◽

Percutaneous Injection ◽

Local Tissue ◽

Local Tissue Reaction ◽

One Year ◽

Lymphoid Aggregates

Background Cyanoacrylate adhesive closure is a technically simple alternative to endothermal ablation of peripheral veins. N-butyl cyanoacrylate is delivered via catheters or by percutaneous injection resulting in occlusion of target veins. The local tissue reaction or the systemic immune response that may follow have not been characterised. Aim To characterise the late local tissue reaction to N-butyl cyanoacrylate glue injected in peripheral vessels. Methods Biopsies were obtained from two patients. In patient one, distal tributaries of the great saphenous vein were injected with VenaBlock™ glue under ultrasound guidance. Ultrasound-guided incisional biopsies were performed at one week, six weeks and 12 months. In patient two, a peripheral arterio-venous malformation was injected with Venablock™ and biopsy was performed 12 months later. Histological analysis was performed using haematoxylin and eosin and immunofixation with CD-4, CD-31, CD-34, CD-68 and D2-40. Results Echogenic material with a strong shadow artefact consistent with the injected N-butyl cyanoacrylate was observed on ultrasound on all follow-up occasions. Biopsies taken at one week showed intravascular glue without histiocytes. Biopsies at six weeks showed isolated foreign body histiocytes coating intravascular fibrillary glue spicules but no granuloma formation. The one-year biopsies showed extravascular changes including fibrosis, lymphoid aggregates and multiple extravascular foreign body cavitated granulomas. Some vessel lumens contained residual spicules of glue but no intravascular granulomas. The extravascular granulomas were deeply located, asymptomatic and not complicated by clinical ulceration. Histologically, there was no evidence of transepidermal elimination. Conclusion Extravascular foreign body cavitated granulomas containing spicules of glue with fibrosis and lymphoid aggregates occur as a delayed finding following the use of N-butyl cyanoacrylate.

Download Full-text

Endovascularly Treated Cerebral Aneurysm Using Guglielmi Detachable Coils Acting as a Nidus for Brain Abscess Formation Secondary to Salmonella Bacteremia: Case Report

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1097/00006123-200207000-00036 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 234-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ramez W. Kirollos ◽

Jark J.D. Bosma ◽

Jayakumar Radhakrishnan ◽

Timothy D.J. Pigott

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Brain Abscess ◽

Giant Aneurysm ◽

Abscess Formation ◽

Surrounding Tissue ◽

Guglielmi Detachable Coils ◽

Predisposing Factor ◽

Detachable Coils ◽

Materials Used ◽

Foreign Materials

Abstract OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE Intracranial infections related to the various foreign materials used to secure intracranial aneurysms are extremely rare. The lack of neoendothelium formation across the necks of aneurysms, which is particularly prone to occur when the sac is incompletely packed by Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC), results in the absence of isolation of the coils from the circulation. Colonization of GDCs, which act as a foreign-body nidus after hematogenous spread from infections with bacteremia, may result in localized intracranial infection. CLINICAL PRESENTATION A 55-year-old woman developed meningitis and a brain abscess surrounding a giant aneurysm that was treated endovascularly with GDC 31/2 years earlier. Four weeks before she sought care, she experienced an infective illness with proven Salmonella bacteremia. Salmonella group D was isolated from cerebrospinal fluid. INTERVENTION The patient was treated successfully with long-term cephalosporin therapy. Follow-up imaging studies revealed regression of the abscess. CONCLUSION This case suggests that the GDC acted as a colonized foreign body, resulting in the surrounding abscess formation after infection with Salmonella bacteremia. Alternatively, the reaction of the surrounding tissue to the GDC was the predisposing factor and acted as the nidus for the abscess formation.

Download Full-text

IL-6 signalling protects zebrafish larvae during Staphylococcus epidermidis infection in a novel bath immersion model

10.1101/2020.02.26.960443 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

PT Dhanagovind ◽

Prabeer K. Kujur ◽

Rajeeb K. Swain ◽

Sanjita Banerjee

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽

Signalling Pathway ◽

Infection Model ◽

Primary Role ◽

Signal Transducer ◽

Host Immune Responses ◽

Zebrafish Larvae ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

AbstractHost immune responses to Staphylococcus epidermidis, a frequent cause of nosocomial infections, are not well understood. We have established a novel bath immersion model of this infection in zebrafish larvae. S.epidermidis infection activates Tlr-2 signalling pathway by upregulation of tlr-2. Macrophages play a primary role in the host immune response and are involved in clearance of infection in the larvae. There is marked inflammation characterised by heightened NF-κB signalling and elevation of several pro-inflammatory cytokines. Infected larvae show rapid upregulation of il-1b and tnf-a transcripts and relatively slower elevation of il-6 transcription. The IL-6 signalling pathway is additionally subject to amplification by elevation of IL-6 signal transducer (il-6st) levels, which negatively correlates with miRNA dre-miR-142-5p expression. Enhanced IL-6 signalling is protective to the host in this model as inhibition of the signalling pathway resulted in increased mortality upon S.epidermidis infection. Our study describes the host immune responses to S.epidermidis infection, identifies a likely role for miR-142-5p – il-6st interaction in modulating this response and establishes the importance of IL-6 signalling in this infection model.

Download Full-text

Salmonella Typhimurium Induces Cloacitis-Like Symptoms in Zebrafish Larvae

10.20944/preprints201702.0006.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Macarena Varas ◽

Javiera Ortíz-Severín ◽

Andrés E. Marcoleta ◽

Francisco Díaz-Pascual ◽

Miguel L. Allende ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Live Cell ◽

Bacterial Proteins ◽

Adaptive Immune ◽

Zebrafish Larvae ◽

Persistent Inflammation ◽

In Vivo Inflammation ◽

Animal Hosts ◽

Systemic Infections

Pathogenic Salmonella strains have a set of virulence factors allowing them to generate systemic infections and damage in a variety of hosts. Among these factors, bacterial proteins secreted by specialized systems are used to penetrate the host’s intestinal mucosa, through the invasion and destruction of specialized epithelial M cells in the intestine. On the other hand, numerous studies have demonstrated that humans, as well as experimental animal hosts, respond to Salmonella infection by activating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Here, through live cell imaging of S. Typhimurium infection of zebrafish larvae, we showed that besides the intestinal colonization, a deformed cloacae region and a concomitant accumulation of S. Typhimurium cells was observed upon bacterial infection. The swelling led to a persistent inflammation of infected larvae, although the infection was non-lethal. The in vivo inflammation process was confirmed by the co-localization of GFP-tagged S. Typhimurium with mCherry-tagged neutrophils at 72 hours post exposition. Our live-cell analyses suggest that Salmonella Typhimurium induce cloacitis-like symptoms in zebrafish larvae.  Typhimurium induce cloacitis-like symptoms in zebrafish larvae.

Download Full-text

Foreign body granuloma formation secondary to silicone injection

Dermatology Online Journal ◽

10.5070/d37jx780xv ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Elissa M Schwartzfarb ◽

Juan Martin Hametti ◽

Paolo Romanelli ◽

Carlos Ricotti

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Foreign Body Granuloma ◽

Granuloma Formation ◽

Silicone Injection

Download Full-text