scholarly journals Differential impact of Met receptor gene interaction with early-life stress on neuronal morphology and behavior in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 10-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanke Heun-Johnson ◽  
Pat Levitt
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Gene Interaction ◽  
Neuronal Morphology ◽  
Met Receptor ◽  
Differential Impact ◽  
And Behavior

Early-life stress mediated modulation of adult neurogenesis and behavior

2012 ◽  
Vol 227 (2) ◽  
pp. 400-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Korosi ◽  
E.F.G. Naninck ◽  
C.A. Oomen ◽  
M. Schouten ◽  
H. Krugers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Neurogenesis ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
And Behavior

scholarly journals Hippocampal astroglial hypertrophy in mice subjected to early life maternal deprivation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Nandi ◽  
Garima Virmani ◽  
Swananda Marathe
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Maternal Separation ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Stratum Radiatum ◽  
Late Adulthood ◽  
Synaptic Physiology ◽  
And Behavior

Early-life stress (ELS), including chronic deprivation of maternal care, exerts persistent life-long effects on animal physiology and behavior, and is associated with several neurodevelopmental disorders. Long-lasting changes in neuronal plasticity and electrophysiology are documented extensively in the animal models of ELS. However, the role of astroglia in the lasting effects of ELS remains elusive. Astrocytes are intricately involved in the regulation of synaptic physiology and behavior. Moreover, astrocytes play a major role in the innate and adaptive immune responses in the central nervous system (CNS). The role of immune responses and neuroinflammation in the altered brain development and persistent adverse effects of ELS are beginning to be explored. Innate immune response in the CNS is characterized by a phenomenon called astrogliosis, a process in which astrocytes undergo hypertrophy, along with changes in gene expression and function. While the immune activation and neuroinflammatory changes concomitant with ELS, or in juveniles and young adults have been reported, it is unclear whether mice subjected to ELS exhibit astrogliosis-like alterations well into late-adulthood. Here, we subjected mice to maternal separation from postnatal day 2 to day 22 and performed comprehensive morphometric analysis of hippocampal astrocytes during late-adulthood. We found that the astrocytes in the stratum radiatum region of the CA1 hippocampal subfield from maternally separated mice exhibit significant hypertrophy as late as 8 months of age, revealing the crucial changes in astrocytes that manifest long after the cessation of ELS. This study highlights the persistence of neuroinflammatory changes in mice exposed to ELS.

scholarly journals FOC4-3EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE OF A LINK BETWEEN THE α2A-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR GENE, EARLY LIFE STRESS, AND ETHANOL DRINKING

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. i39.1-i39
Author(s):  
E. Comasco ◽  
A. Todkar ◽  
A. Mujtaba ◽  
L. Granholm ◽  
K. W. Nilsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Ethanol Drinking ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor Gene

scholarly journals Methylation of the glucocorticoid receptor promoter in children: Links with parents as teachers, early life stress, and behavior problems

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Elena Silvia Gardini ◽  
Simone Schaub ◽  
Alex Neuhauser ◽  
Erich Ramseier ◽  
Arna Villiger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Parents As Teachers ◽  
Cpg Site ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract The present study examined the effect of early life stress (ELS) on the glucocorticoid receptor gene (NR3C1) methylation, the associations between NR3C1 methylation and behavior problems, and the effect of the program Parents as Teachers (PAT) on NR3C1 methylation. Participants included 132 children, 72 assigned to the PAT intervention group and 60 to the PAT control group. Children were aged 3 years, and were living in psychosocially at-risk families. We assessed NR3C1 methylation of the NGFI-A binding regions of exon 1F via sodium bisulfite sequencing from saliva DNA. Results indicated that (a) children living in families receiving PAT had decreased methylation at one single cytosine–guanine dinucleotides (CpG) site; (b) current maternal depressive symptoms and parental disagreement were predictive of increased methylation of mean NGFI-A and three single CpG sites; and (c) increased methylation of mean NGFI-A and one single CpG site was significantly associated with increased internalizing and externalizing symptoms. In addition, mean NGFI-A was a mediator of the association between parental disagreement and a child's affective problems. These results suggest that PAT may contribute to preventing NR3C1 methylation in preschool children living in psychosocially at-risk situations, and confirm previous findings on the associations between ELS, NR3C1 methylation, and behavior problems.

scholarly journals Animal Models and Their Contribution to Our Understanding of the Relationship Between Environments, Epigenetic Modifications, and Behavior

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Ledo Husby Phillips ◽  
Tania L. Roth
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Human Biology ◽  
Environmental Toxicants ◽  
Immune Challenges ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The use of non-human animals in research is a longstanding practice to help us understand and improve human biology and health. Animal models allow researchers, for example, to carefully manipulate environmental factors in order to understand how they contribute to development, behavior, and health. In the field of behavioral epigenetics such approaches have contributed novel findings of how the environment physically interacts with our genes, leading to changes in behavior and health. This review highlights some of this research, focused on prenatal immune challenges, environmental toxicants, diet, and early-life stress. In conjunction, we also discuss why animal models were integral to these discoveries and the translational relevance of these discoveries.

scholarly journals Got Milk? Maternal immune activation during the mid-lactational period affects nutritional milk quality and adolescent offspring sensory processing in male and female rats

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly DeRosa ◽  
Hieu Tran ◽  
Amanda C Kentner
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Maternal Care ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Maternal Immune Activation ◽  
Adolescent Offspring ◽  
And Behavior

The neonatal environment requires a high level of maternal demand in terms of both breastfeeding and other forms of maternal care. Previous studies have underscored the importance of these maternal factors on offspring development and behavior. However, their contribution as dynamic variables in animal models of early life stress are often overlooked. In the present study, we show that lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced maternal immune activation (MIA) on postnatal day (P)10 immediately elevated milk corticosterone concentrations, which recovered by P11. In contrast, both milk triglyceride and percent creamatocrit values demonstrated a prolonged decrease following inflammatory challenge. Sustained inflammatory-induced changes to the nutritional quality of milk were also evidenced by its composition of microbial communities associated with inefficient energy and lipid metabolism. Nutritional deficits in early development have been associated with metabolic dysfunction later in life. Indeed, MIA-associated changes in the nutritional profile of milk were reflected by increased adolescent offspring bodyweights. While MIA did not decrease maternal care quality, there was a significant compensatory increase in maternal licking and grooming the day that followed the inflammatory challenge. However, this did not protect against disrupted neonatal huddling or later-life alterations in sensorimotor gating and mechanical allodynia in MIA offspring. Animal models of early life stress can impact both parents and their offspring. One mechanism that can mediate the effects of such stressors is changes to maternal lactation quality which our data show can confer multifaceted and compounding effects on offspring physiology and behavior.

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