A gender-stratified, multilevel latent class assessment of chronic disease risk behaviours' association with Body Mass Index among youth in the COMPASS study

Introduction Few studies have assessed the relationship between chronic disease risk behaviours and body mass index (BMI) in a longitudinal, sex/gender-specific context. This study used gender-specific analyses to assess the extent to which chronic disease risk behaviour latent classes are associated with BMI and weight status at follow-up. Methods Longitudinal data from 4510 students in Grades 9 to 12, tracked from 2013– 2015, who participated in the COMPASS study were used to assess gender differences in the lagged association between previously determined latent classes (of physical activity and substance use) with BMI using multilevel mixed-effects models. Our multilevel regression models assessed the association between two latent classes, active experimenters and inactive non-using youth, with BMI when stratified by gender. Results Male inactive non-substance-using youth were associated with a 0.29 higher continuous BMI (95% CI: 0.057, 0.53) and odds of overweight/obesity increased by 72% (OR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.2, 2.4) for binary BMI at follow-up relative to active youth who experiment with substance use. No significant associations were detected in females. Conclusion Over time, physical activity has a protective role on BMI in male youth. Both substance use and physical inactivity should be addressed in obesity prevention efforts. Gender stratification in analyses is also important since females and males have different contributing factors to increases in BMI.

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Association between the urban environment and chronic disease to identify communities at risk

10.21203/rs.2.18164/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ken Wei Tan ◽

Qianyu Yang ◽

Yin Ai Lean ◽

Joel Ruihan Koo ◽

Alex R Cook ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Body Mass ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Chronic Disease Risk

Abstract Background: With increasing urbanisation rates, assessments must be made on the impact of the built environment on the health of populations. As the bulk of healthcare expenditure in developed countries is borne by the elderly through chronic disease management and treatment costs, intervening using the built environment can have lasting population-wide effects. Methods: Using two cohort studies for training and validation, we quantified each individual’s local context based on their residential address and derived geographical exposures adapted from the International Physical Activity and the Environment Network guidelines. Bayesian inference was used to develop a regression model that examines the impacts of the geographical exposures and predicts mean body mass index and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, acute myocardial infarction and stroke by communities. Results: The distance to the nearest retail outlet was found to be negatively associated with body mass index. Our prediction model shows good accuracy (AUC > 0.75) for predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus, acute myocardial infarction and stroke. National-level maps were generated that predict the health of communities by mean body mass index and overall chronic disease risk. Conclusions: The predictive model has the ability to predict on a macro scale the overall health of a community. Understanding the geospatial distribution of chronic disease risk allows for evidence-based policymaking with urban–specific interventions that improve overall population health.

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Systematic review and meta-analysis of the provision of preventive care for modifiable chronic disease risk behaviours by mental health services

Preventive Medicine Reports ◽

10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100969 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 100969 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jacqueline M. Bailey ◽

Kate M. Bartlem ◽

John H. Wiggers ◽

Paula M. Wye ◽

Emily A.L. Stockings ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Preventive Care ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Behaviours ◽

Chronic Disease Risk

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Methodological utility of chemerin as a novel biomarker of immunity and metabolism

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-17-0098 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 340-347 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Fabian Eichelmann ◽

Cornelia Weikert ◽

Romina di Giuseppe ◽

Ronald Biemann ◽

Berend Isermann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Chronic Disease ◽

Fatty Acid Binding Protein ◽

Disease Risk ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Fatty Acid Binding ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Chronic Disease Risk ◽

Acid Binding Protein

Chemerin is a recently discovered adipokine with inflammatory and metabolic actions relevant for chronic disease development. However, evidence from human research on the role of chemerin in chronic disease risk is still lacking. We assessed the reliability of plasma chemerin concentrations measured on two occasions over a 4-month period in 207 apparently healthy participants. In addition, we explored the cross-sectional associations between chemerin and inflammatory biomarkers using Spearman partial correlation and multivariable linear regression analyses. Intra-individual reproducibility of chemerin measurements was assessed by calculating intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and exploration of Bland–Altman plots. Reliability analyses revealed good reproducibility of chemerin measurements (ICC: 0.72 (95%-CI 0.65, 0.78)). Visual inspection of Bland–Altman plots confirmed that the two time point measurements had a high level of agreement. In correlation analyses, chemerin was positively correlated with adiposity measures (body mass index and waist circumference). In addition, independent of adiposity measures, chemerin was correlated with the biomarkers C-reactive protein, fatty acid-binding protein 4 and progranulin (Rho-s ranging from 0.23 to 0.37). In multivariable linear regression analysis, a combination of correlated factors including body mass index, waist circumference, C-reactive protein, progranulin and fatty acid-binding protein-4 explained 28.0% of chemerin concentrations. These findings demonstrate methodological utility of chemerin concentrations in population-based research setting. Human studies are highly warranted in order to provide further insights into the role of chemerin as a biomarker linking immunity and metabolism in relation to chronic disease risk.

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