Mutation at the acidic residue-rich domain of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2α)-associated glycoprotein p67 increases the protection of eIF2α phosphorylation during heat shock

2003 ◽  
Vol 413 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bansidhar Datta ◽  
Rekha Datta
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor ◽  
Rich Domain ◽  
Eif2α Phosphorylation ◽  
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 ◽  
Initiation Factor 2

scholarly journals Phosphorylation of the α Subunit of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 Is Required for Activation of NF-κB in Response to Diverse Cellular Stresses

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (16) ◽  
pp. 5651-5663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Yuan Jiang ◽  
Sheree A. Wek ◽  
Barbara C. McGrath ◽  
Donalyn Scheuner ◽  
Randal J. Kaufman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor ◽  
Inhibitory Protein ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Eif2α Phosphorylation ◽  
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 ◽  
Initiation Factor 2 ◽  
Stress Signals

ABSTRACT Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) serves to coordinate the transcription of genes in response to diverse environmental stresses. In this report we show that phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) is fundamental to the process by which many stress signals activate NF-κB. Phosphorylation of this translation factor is carried out by a family of protein kinases that each respond to distinct stress conditions. During impaired protein folding and assembly in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), phosphorylation of eIF2α by PEK (Perk or EIF2AK3) is essential for induction of NF-κB transcriptional activity. The mechanism by which NF-κB is activated during ER stress entails the release, but not the degradation, of the inhibitory protein IκB. During amino acid deprivation, phosphorylation of eIF2α by GCN2 (EIF2AK4) signals the activation of NF-κB. Furthermore, inhibition of general translation or transcription by cycloheximide and actinomycin D, respectively, elicits the eIF2α phosphorylation required for induction of NF-κB. Together, these studies suggest that eIF2α kinases monitor and are activated by a range of stress conditions that affect transcription and protein synthesis and assembly, and the resulting eIFα phosphorylation is central to activation of the NF-κB. The absence of NF-κB-mediated transcription and its antiapoptotic function provides an explanation for why eIF2α kinase deficiency in diseases such as Wolcott-Rallison syndrome leads to cellular apoptosis and disease.

scholarly journals Characteristics of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 and its subunits.

1980 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. 1189-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Lloyd ◽  
J.C. Osborne ◽  
B. Safer ◽  
G.M. Powell ◽  
W.C. Merrick
Keyword(s):  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor ◽  
Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2 ◽  
Initiation Factor 2
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