Correlation between CD4 count and H. pylori in HIV+ patients

Abstract Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a state of profound immunodeficiency. Disorders of hematopoietic system are a common but often overlooked complication of HIV infection. This can manifest at any stage of the disease but more commonly in the advanced stage with low CD4 count. Anemia is the most common hematological abnormality in HIV patients and prevalence ranges from 1.3 to 95%. As HIV disease progresses, the prevalence and severity of anemia also increase. Hence, this study was undertaken to assess the hematological parameters of HIV-infected patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) at different treatment durations with the hope to improve the HAART outcome in HIV patients and its correlation with CD4 count. Methods This prospective longitudinal study enrolled 134 HIV-infected patients admitted to or attending the OPD in the Department of Medicine or Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) Center (Center of Excellence), Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal, Manipur, from 2018 to 2020. Complete hemogram, CD4 count, and other related-blood investigations were studied. Results The mean age of the study population was 39.9 ± 11.04 years. Of the 134 patients, 75 (56%) were males and 59 (44%) were females. Twelve (9%) patients had a history of injecting drug use (IDU). TLE (tenofovir, lamivudine, efavirenz) regimen was started on 112 (83.6%) patients and the majority of them (69/134 [51.5%]) had a CD4 count of 200 to 499 cells/mm3, which increased significantly 6 months after HAART to 99 to 1,149 cells/mm3, with a mean of 445 ± 217 cells/mm3. There were significant improvements in hemoglobin (Hb) levels, total leukocyte count (TLC), absolute neutrophil count (ANC), and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) after HAART indicating a positive correlation with CD4 count (p < 0.05). Thrombocytopenia was observed higher after HAART when compared to baseline. There was a positive correlation between platelet count and CD4 count. However, the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) had a negative correlation with CD4 count. Conclusion The study inferred a strong positive correlation between CD4 and Hb levels, TLC, ANC, ALC, and platelet count after HAART with improvement in these values as CD4 count increases. Specific treatment intervention based on the changes in the immunohematological profile trends can help prevent most of the adverse effects on HIV patients in our community.

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The impact of HIV-associated immunosuppression on the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter gene (PfCRT) of HIV patients in Akure, Nigeria

Bulletin of the National Research Centre ◽

10.1186/s42269-020-00401-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Iyabo Adepeju Simon-Oke ◽

Adeola Olanireti Ade-Alao ◽

Foluso Ologundudu

Keyword(s):

Plasmodium Falciparum ◽

Malaria Prevalence ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

Chloroquine Resistance ◽

Hiv Care ◽

Transporter Gene ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Chloroquine Resistance Transporter ◽

Hiv Test ◽

Low Prevalence

Abstract Background The study evaluated the prevalence of malaria and Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter gene (PfCRT) in HIV patients attending Specialist Hospital, Akure. This study was carried out between April and June 2019. Three hundred and seventeen (317) patients attending the antiretroviral clinic (ART) were involved, out of which 89 (28.08%) were males and 228 (71.92%) were females. HIV test was done using the Unigold® HIV test kit, malaria test was done using thick and thin blood smear, CD4 test was done using the Partec® CD4 counter and PCR was used to detect the presence of plasmodium falciparum mutant gene. The data obtained from this analysis was subjected to Pearson’s Chi-square test. Results The overall result showed low prevalence of malaria (23.03%) in the sampled patients. Highest malaria prevalence (31.0%) was recorded in HIV patients with CD4 count between 200–500 cells/μl of blood, with the males recording 24.7% malaria prevalence. The age group 20–29 years recorded the highest prevalence of 27.3%. A higher prevalence 91.1% of PfCRT gene in HIV-positive and (40.0%) in HIV-negative patients was recorded with 100% prevalence in patients with CD4 count ≤ 200. This shows that the low prevalence of malaria recorded in this study could be credited to good health-seeking attitude of HIV patients and the upscale of HIV care and treatment centres. Conclusion The high prevalence of PfCRT gene shows that treatment of malaria with chloroquine is still being practised despite the availability of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACTs) as the recommended regimen for malaria treatment.

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Neuro-psychiatric co morbidity in HIV/AIDS; and effect of alcohol in CD4 count in HIV patients

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/1471-2334-14-s3-e26 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (S3) ◽

Author(s):

Biswadeep Borthakur ◽

Dhruba Jyoti Borah ◽

Supria Kumar Mandal ◽

Kamala Deka ◽

Saumitra Ghosh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cd4 Count ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Hiv Aids

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Assessment of Blood CD4 Count and Antibiogram Profile of Bacteria Isolated from HIV Patients

HIV Current Research ◽

10.4172/2572-0805.1000107 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 01 (01) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ojo BA ◽

Adebolu TT ◽

Odinayo MS

Keyword(s):

Cd4 Count ◽

Hiv Patients

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The Effects of Propolis Extract Administration on HIV Patients Receiving ARV

The Indonesian Biomedical Journal ◽

10.18585/inabj.v13i1.1381 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 75-83

Author(s):

Erwin Astha Triyono ◽

Sarah Firdausa ◽

Heru Prasetyo ◽

Joni Susanto ◽

James Hutagalung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Placebo Group ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Human Immune System ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Double Blind ◽

Significant Difference

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infectious disease that targets the human immune system by attacking cluster of differentiation (CD)4 cells. The use of propolis in HIV patients is expected to be safe and beneficial in terms of increasing endurance and immunity by its role in increasing CD4 level. This study aimed to analyze the influence of propolis supplementation in increasing the CD4 level in anti-retroviral (ARV)-treated HIV patients.METHODS: Double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 50 HIV patients who took regular ARV therapy. The subjects were divided into two groups, one group was treated with ARV and propolis, while another one was given ARV and placebo. The CD4 cell count was measured during pre-treatment, in the 3rd month, in the 6th month after treatment. The level of hemoglobin, leukocyte, and platelets were also measured. The SF-12 questionnaire was used to evaluate quality of life of the subject.RESULTS: Out of 50 subjects, 43 subjects completed the study, which were 19 subjects from the propolis group and 24 subjects from the placebo group. After 3-month of treatment, there was a statistically significant difference in the incrwase of CD 44 level in propolis group, while the increment was not significant in the placebo group. After 6-month treatment, the increase of CD4 level was occurred in both groups, propolis and placebo, however the increment was not statistically significant. The levels of hemoglobin, leukocyte, and platelets were not altered by the treatment and remained normal throughout the study. The quality of life was improved during the study; however, it was also not statistically significant. Mild adverse events occurred in 3 subjects which were relieved after the treatment stopped.CONCLUSION: Based on the result of this study, the administration of propolis on HIV patients receiving ARV bring significant difference in the increase of CD4 in propolis group from baseline to 3 month after the treatment. While in placebo group, this increment was not significant. At the end of study, CD4 count continued to rise up, however the increase was not statistically significant. There are no hemoglobin, leukocyte, platelets, and quality of life abnormalities. Therefore, it is necesary to do further research with a spesific CD4 count. However, it may be beneficial in relieving the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patient living with HIV.KEYWORDS: CD4, ARV, HIV, propolis

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CORRELATION BETWEEN CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND CD4 COUNT LEVEL IN SERO-POSITIVE HIV PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS.

International Journal of Advanced Research ◽

10.21474/ijar01/3284 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 1306-1313

Author(s):

Dr.Priyanka Das ◽

◽

Dr.Naliniprava Das ◽

Dr.GopalKrushna Sahu ◽

Dr.Jyoti Pattnaik. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

Hiv Patients

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Prevalence and Mortality of Cryptococcal Disease in Adults with Advanced HIV in an Urban Tertiary Hospital in Sierra Leone: A Prospective Study

10.21203/rs.2.11153/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Sulaiman Lakoh ◽

Hannah Rickman ◽

Momodu Sesay ◽

Sartie Kenneh ◽

Rachael M. Burke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sierra Leone ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

World Health ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cryptococcal Disease

Abstract Background The global annual estimate for cryptococcal disease related deaths exceeds 180,000, with three fourth occurring in sub-Saharan Africa. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) screening in all HIV patients with CD4 count <100/µl. As there is no previous published study on the burden and impact of cryptococcal disease in Sierra Leone, research is needed to inform public health policies. We aimed to establish the seroprevalence and mortality of cryptococcal disease in adults with advanced HIV attending an urban tertiary hospital in Sierra Leone. MethodsA cross-sectional study design was used to screen consecutive adult (18 years or older) HIV patients at Connaught Hospital in Freetown, Sierra Leone with CD4 count below 100 cells/mm3 from January to April, 2018. Participants received a blood CrAg lateral flow assay (IMMY, Oklahoma, USA). All participants with a positive serum CrAg had lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CrAg assay, and those with cryptococcal diseases had fluconazole monotherapy with eight weeks followed up. Data were entered into Excel and analysed in Stata version 13.0. Proportions, median and interquartile ranges were used to summarise the data. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables. Results A total of 170 patients, with median age of 36 (IQR 30-43) and median CD4 count of 45 cells/mm3 (IQR 23-63) were screened. At the time of enrolment, 54% were inpatients, 51% were newly diagnosed with HIV, and 56% were either ART-naïve or newly initiated (≤ 30 days). Eight participants had a positive blood CrAg, giving a prevalence of 4.7% (95% CI: 2.4-9.2%). Of those with a positive CrAg, CSF CrAg was positive in five (62.5%). Five (62.5%) CrAg-positive participants died within the first month, while the remaining three were alive and established on ART at eight weeks. ConclusionA substantial prevalence of cryptococcal antigenaemia and poor outcome of cryptococcal disease were demonstrated in our study. The high mortality suggests a need for the HIV programme to formulate and implement policies on screening and pre-emptive fluconazole therapy for all adults with advanced HIV in Sierra Leone, and advocate for affordable access to effective antifungal therapies.

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Mucocutaneous disorders in HIV/AIDS at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal: An observational study

Our Dermatology Online ◽

10.7241/ourd.20212.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 101-105

Author(s):

Prabhat Singh Rajput ◽

Anil Kumar Das ◽

Upama Paudel ◽

Sudip Parajuli

Keyword(s):

Viral Infections ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Seborrheic Dermatitis ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

World Health ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Oral Ulcers ◽

The Mean ◽

Hiv Aids

Background: Mucocutaneous manifestations in HIV infections are common. However, they have not, so far, been studied in Nepal. The aim of this study was, therefore, to describe mucocutaneous manifestations in Nepalese HIV patients. Materials and Methods: The following is a hospital-based, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology and Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Center of Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital (TUTH) from May 2017, through October 2018. Patients aged 16 years and above diagnosed with HIV were included in the study, for whom history and clinical examinations were performed. The study variables were age, sex, a clinical diagnosis of dermatological problems, clinical stages of HIV/AIDS, as per the World Health Organization (WHO) classification criteria, and the CD4 count. Results: A total of 52 patients were included in the study. The mean age upon presentation was 38.77 ± 10.9 years. The mean CD4 count was 464.27 ± 255.13. Females were more affected than males (female:male = 1.4:1). Mucocutaneous manifestations were the following: fungal infections (10; 19.3%), viral infections (6; 11.6%), parasitic infestations (3; 5.8%), bacterial infections (4; 7.7%), sexually transmitted infections (2; 3.8%), seborrheic dermatitis (3; 5.8%), idiopathic pruritus (3; 5.8%), recurrent oral ulcers (3; 5.8%), urticaria (3; 5.8%), pruritic papular eruptions (2; 3.8%), eczemas (2; 3.8%), acne (2; 3.8%), angular cheilitis (2; 3.8%), xerosis cutis (2; 3.8%), and others (5; 9.6%). Conclusions: The study showed that fungal infections are common in HIV patients, followed by viral infections and parasitic infestations. Seborrheic dermatitis, idiopathic pruritus, recurrent oral ulcers, and urticaria were found to be common inflammatory skin diseases in HIV.

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Evaluation of left ventricular systolic function by Myocardial Deformation Imaging in asymptomatic HIV patients

Nepalese Heart Journal ◽

10.3126/njh.v16i2.26310 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 11-15

Author(s):

Kunjang Sherpa ◽

Ram Kishor Sah ◽

Arun Maskey ◽

Rabi Malla ◽

Deewakar Sharma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽

Global Longitudinal Strain ◽

Strain Imaging ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

P Value ◽

Hiv Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Healthy Control

Background and Aims: Despite improvements in clinical care, evidence from both industrialized and developing countries indicates that the prevalence of subclinical cardiac dysfunction in individuals with well-controlled HIV infection may approach 50% and represent a newly recognized comorbid condition. The aim of our study was to reveal abnormalities in cardiac function using conventional transthoracic echocardiography and left ventricular strain imaging in HIV infected patients without cardiovascular disease. Methods: This was a hospital based, single center descriptive cross-sectional comparative study conducted in National Academy of Medical Sciences (NAMS), Bir Hospital which included HIV patients with baseline examination including a patient medical history, clinical examination, baseline CD4 count, viral load and a standardized transthoracic echocardiography and strain imaging examination and the findings were compared among age and sex frequency matched healthy adult population. Results: Our study enrolled 142 patients out of which 95 HIV positive patients (mean age 36.7±9.2 years with 58% female) and 47 healthy control (mean age 33.7±8 years with 57.4% female). The median duration of HIV diagnosis was 7 years (IQR 2, 10) and median CD4 count was 464 cells/mm3 (IQR 259,750). There was no significant difference in conventional echocardiographic parameters between two groups except for transmitral E velocity that was lower in HIV group (P value of 0.001). The HIV population has lower mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) value of -19.92% ± 2.54 SD compared to the healthy control population with mean of -21.39% ± 1.54 SD(P value of 0.001) and patients with CD4 count less than 300 cell/mm3 had GLS value significantly lower than -18% (P value of 0.05). Conclusion: HIV infected population without established cardiovascular disease have subclinical left ventricular dysfunction revealed by GLS imaging technique.

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