M1038 A Comparison of Cancer Screening Programs and Outcomes Between Universal and Non-Universal Health Care Systems

Abstract COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of public, universal and equal access health-care, and reminded us that challenges are always incumbent for health-care systems. Because accessible and universal health-care systems will be critical into the future, it will be crucial to earmark adequate resources, fostering the financing of sectors that for many years have been neglected such as primary care and public health, and investments in new models of care and in health-related workforce.

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Geographical Variation and Factors Associated with Colorectal Cancer Mortality in a Universal Health Care System

Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.1155/2014/707420 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 191-197 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Mahmoud Torabi ◽

Christopher Green ◽

Zoann Nugent ◽

Salaheddin M Mahmud ◽

Alain A Demers ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Health Care ◽

Geographical Variation ◽

Geographical Area ◽

Capital City ◽

Universal Health Care ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Crc Screening ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Universal Health

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the geographical variation and small geographical area level factors associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality.METHODS: Information regarding CRC mortality was obtained from the population-based Manitoba Cancer Registry, population counts were obtained from Manitoba’s universal health care plan Registry and characteristics of the area of residence were obtained from the 2001 Canadian census. Bayesian spatial Poisson mixed models were used to evaluate the geographical variation of CRC mortality and Poisson regression models for determining associations with CRC mortality. Time trends of CRC mortality according to income group were plotted using joinpoint regression.RESULTS: The southeast (mortality rate ratio [MRR] 1.31 [95% CI 1.12 to 1.54) and southcentral (MRR 1.62 [95% CI 1.35 to 1.92]) regions of Manitoba had higher CRC mortality rates than suburban Winnipeg (Manitoba’s capital city). Between 1985 and 1996, CRC mortality did not vary according to household income; however, between 1997 and 2009, individuals residing in the highest-income areas were less likely to die from CRC (MRR 0.77 [95% CI 0.65 to 0.89]). Divergence in CRC mortality among individuals residing in different income areas increased over time, with rising CRC mortality observed in the lowest income areas and declining CRC mortality observed in the higher income areas.CONCLUSIONS: Individuals residing in lower income neighbourhoods experienced rising CRC mortality despite residing in a jurisdiction with universal health care and should receive increased efforts to reduce CRC mortality. These findings should be of particular interest to the provincial CRC screening programs, which may be able to reduce the disparities in CRC mortality by reducing the disparities in CRC screening participation.

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Health Care as Commons: An Indigenous Approach to Universal Health Coverage

International Indigenous Policy Journal ◽

10.18584/iipj.2014.5.3.1 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Young Soon Wong ◽

Pascale Allotey ◽

Daniel D. Reidpath

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Indigenous Peoples ◽

Universal Health Coverage ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Health Coverage ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Traditional Health ◽

Traditional Health Care ◽

Care Systems ◽

Universal Health

Modern health care systems of today are predominantly derived from Western models and are either state owned or under private ownership. Government, through their health policies, generally aim to facilitate access for the majority of the population through the design of their health systems. However, there are communities, such as Indigenous peoples, who do not necessarily fall under the formal protection of state systems. Throughout history, these societies have developed different ways to provide health care to its population. These health care systems are held and managed under different property regimes with their attendant advantages and disadvantages. This article investigates the gaps in health coverage among Indigenous peoples using the Malaysian Indigenous peoples as a case study. It conceptually examines a commons approach to health care systems through a study of the traditional health care system of indigenous peoples and suggests how such an approach can help close this gap in the remaining gaps of universal health coverage.

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What is the healthcare carbon footprint? A collaborative analysis of current literature

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

D Di Fonzo ◽

S Rivolta ◽

E Mazzolai ◽

F Turatto ◽

L Mammana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Carbon Footprint ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Health Sector ◽

Current Data ◽

Universal Healthcare ◽

Operating Theatres ◽

Care Systems ◽

Universal Health

Abstract Background Climate change (CC) is a public health (PH) issue of growing concern. Health care systems in every country have a significant impact in terms of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE) causing global warming, but there seems to be a general lack of knowledge about this. As members of the junior study group on CC and PH of the Italian Society of Hygiene (SItI), we launched a project of shared education and literature research about the carbon footprint of healthcare (HCCF). We believe such an effort to be useful in spreading awareness and promoting change both in clinical practice, health care management and at policymaking level. Objectives To answer these questions: What is the estimated national and global HCCF? Which activities contribute to HCCF? What are the possible actions and policies to reduce HCCF while providing universal health care of good quality in all countries? From Dec 2019 to Feb 2020 we used databases and backward citation searching to retrieve references which we split among individuals to process, then we shared summaries of the material with the group. Results HCCF makes about 4.4% of all GHGE, with important variations among countries. We found estimates on emissions for various activities (e.g. operating theatres) and items (e.g. inhalers), as well as proposed solutions for practitioners, managers, manufacturers and policymakers (e.g. low-impact technologies, advocacy, health promotion to reduce healthcare volumes). Conclusions HCCF is complex, attributable to many components and amenable to mitigation through actions at all levels, with additional benefits for efficiency and public health. These conclusions are relevant for all countries as they imply joint international and transversal efforts throughout the world's health care sector. Key messages Current data and analysis, available for several services and in many countries, show healthcare carbon footprint is significant. Emissions from health sector can be reduced while granting universal healthcare globally.

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Information about Health Care Systems

The Ethics of Universal Health Insurance ◽

10.1093/oso/9780190946838.003.0002 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 6-53

Author(s):

Alex Rajczi

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Insurance ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Insurance Companies ◽

Private Companies ◽

Single Payer ◽

Before And After ◽

Care Systems ◽

The Government ◽

Universal Health

One cannot discuss the ethics of health policy without understanding how health systems work, so this chapter provides background on the American health system before and after the Affordable Care Act. It also describes two universal health insurance systems the U.S. could adopt. In Canada’s single-payer system, the government serves as the basic insurer for the entire population. In the regulated-market systems of Switzerland and the Netherlands, citizens must purchase health insurance through private companies, and the government’s main jobs are providing subsidies to less wealthy individuals and ensuring that insurance companies deal fairly with citizens. The chapter concludes by examining the core ideas behind consumer-driven health care, a set of specific policies that conservatives often add to their health care proposals.

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Prevalence of HIV Infection Among Inpatients and Outpatients in Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care Systems: Implications for Screening Programs for HIV

American Journal of Public Health ◽

10.2105/ajph.2007.110700 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 97 (12) ◽

pp. 2173-2178 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Douglas K. Owens ◽

Vandana Sundaram ◽

Laura C. Lazzeroni ◽

Lena R. Douglass ◽

Gillian D. Sanders ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Veterans Affairs ◽

Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Care Systems

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PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS AND CANCER SCREENING BEHAVIORS IN MIDDLE-AGED AND OLDER MEN IN THE U.S.

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.1204 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S331-S331

Author(s):

Shalini Sahoo ◽

Roberto J Millar ◽

Takashi Yamashita ◽

Phyllis Cummins

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Cancer Screening ◽

Problem Solving ◽

Health Care Systems ◽

Older Men ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Problem Solving Skills ◽

Care Systems ◽

Screening Behaviors ◽

The U.S

Abstract Routine cancer screening is widely recognized as an effective strategy for reducing cancer mortality – the second leading cause of death in the U.S. Research shows cancer screening rates need to be improved, and men are less likely to uptake recommended screening than women. Cancer screening requires an array of tasks such as seeking up-to-date guidelines, making appointments, planning a hospital visit, and communicating with health care professionals in the complex health care systems. Importantly, modern health care systems are rapidly adopting technology such as web-based applications for information dissemination and communication with patients. This current study is designed to better understand the roles of problem-solving skills in the technology-rich environment (PSTRE) in two selected cancer screening behaviors among middle-aged and older men. We obtained nationally representative data with a sophisticated PSTRE assessment from the 2012/2014 Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC). Binary logistic regression models with survey weights were used to estimate the association between PSTRE scores (1 – 500 points) and two cancer screening behaviors of men who meet the recommended guideline of age between 45 to 74 years old (n = 1,168). Results showed that greater PSTRE scores were positively associated with prostate cancer screening (OR = 1.005, p < 0.05). Improvement in PSTRE may promote the specific cancer screening behaviors. Our findings also inform future interventions that seek to improve cancer screening among a vulnerable section of older populations.

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