Sa1810 Targeting Caner Stem Cells (CSCs) With CurcuminRNAI Against Stem-Cell Markers, In Vitro and In Vivo: Effect on Oncogenic-Pathways

2012 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. S-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Kantara ◽  
Ixiu Ortiz ◽  
Pomila Singh
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Oncogenic Pathways

scholarly journals P080 Therapeutical effect of urine-derived stem cells on DSS-induced chronic model of mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S175-S175
Author(s):  
X R Wu ◽  
C Zhou ◽  
H S Liu ◽  
L Xuan-hui ◽  
T Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Murine Colitis ◽  
Chronic Model

Abstract Background The application of stem cell therapy in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is limited because of the invasive approaches of stem cells. Urine-derived stem cells (USCs) were recently shown to have regenerative properties, which can be harvested in a safe, low-cost and non-invasive way. Methods Human USC were isolated and expanded from the urine of healthy male adult volunteers (n = 3, age arrange 24–30 years old). USC were characterised by cell surface marker expression profile and multipotent differentiation. In vivo therapeutic value of USC was assessed using murine colitis chronic model induced by dextran sulphate sodium (DSS). Results USC were positive for mesenchymal stem cell markers but were negative for hematopoietic stem cell markers. These cells differentiated into osteo-, adipo- and chondro-genic cell lineages. Systemic administration of USC significantly ameliorated the clinical and histopathological severity of colitis and increased the survival rate in chronic murine colitis model. Conclusion This study demonstrated that implantation of USC reduces inflammation in IBD rodent model, indicating that USC therapy serves as a potential cell-based therapeutic candidate for IBD.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal stem cells promote glioma neovascularization in vivo by fusing with cancer stem cells

BMC Cancer ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Sun ◽  
Xingliang Dai ◽  
Dongliang Zhao ◽  
Haiyang Wang ◽  
Xiaoci Rong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Xenograft Tumor ◽  
Angiogenic Effect

Abstract Background and objective Tumor angiogenesis is vital for tumor growth. Recent evidence indicated that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can migrate to tumor sites and exert critical effects on tumor growth through direct and/or indirect interactions with tumor cells. However, the effect of BMSCs on tumor neovascularization has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate whether fusion cells from glioma stem cells and BMSCs participated in angiogenesis. Methods SU3-RFP cells were injected into the right caudate nucleus of NC-C57Bl/6 J-GFP nude mice, and the RFP+/GFP+ cells were isolated and named fusion cells. The angiogenic effects of SU3-RFP, BMSCs and fusion cells were compared in vivo and in vitro. Results Fusion cells showed elevated levels of CD31, CD34 and VE-Cadherin (markers of VEC) as compared to SU3-RFP and BMSCs. The MVD-CD31 in RFP+/GFP+ cell xenograft tumor was significantly greater as compared to that in SU3-RFP xenograft tumor. In addition, the expression of CD133 and stem cell markers Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 were increased in fusion cells as compared to the parental cells. Fusion cells exhibited enhanced angiogenic effect as compared to parental glioma cells in vivo and in vitro, which may be related to their stem cell properties. Conclusion Fusion cells exhibited enhanced angiogenic effect as compared to parental glioma cells in vivo and in vitro, which may be related to their stem cell properties. Hence, cell fusion may contribute to glioma angiogenesis.

scholarly journals High Frequency of Tumor Propagating Cells in Fusion-Positive Rhabdomyosarcoma

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1373
Author(s):  
Melanie Generali ◽  
Sampoorna Satheesha ◽  
Peter K. Bode ◽  
Debora Wanner ◽  
Beat W. Schäfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cancer Stem Cells ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cell Clone ◽  
Hierarchical Organization ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Worse Prognosis

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. Fusion-positive RMS (FPRMS), expressing the PAX3/7-FOXO1, has a worse prognosis compared to the more common fusion-negative RMS (FNRMS). Although several studies reported hierarchical organization for FNRMS with the identification of cancer stem cells, the cellular organization of FPRMS is not yet clear. In this study we investigated the expression of key stem cell markers, developed a sphere assay, and investigated the seven most common FPRMS cell lines for subpopulations of tumor propagating cancer stem-like cells, also called cancer stem cells (CSCs). Moreover, loss- and gain-of-functions of the stem cell genes SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG were investigated in the same cells. Single-cell clonal analysis was performed in vitro as well as in vivo. We found that no stable CSC subpopulation could be enriched in FPRMS. Unlike depletion of PAX3-FOXO1, neither overexpression nor siRNA-mediated downregulation of SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG affected physiology of RMS cells. Every single subclone-derived cell clone initiated tumor growth in mice, despite displaying considerable heterogeneity in gene expression. FPRMS appears to contain a high frequency of tumor propagating stem-like cells, which could explain their higher propensity for metastasis and relapse. Their dependency on PAX3-FOXO1 activity reinforces the importance of the fusion protein as the key therapeutic target.

scholarly journals Regulation of sarcomagenesis by the empty spiracles homeobox genes EMX1 and EMX2

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Pedro Jimenez-García ◽  
Antonio Lucena-Cacace ◽  
Daniel Otero-Albiol ◽  
Amancio Carnero
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Tumor Suppressors ◽  
Homeobox Genes ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Cell Gene Expression

AbstractThe EMX (Empty Spiracles Homeobox) genes EMX1 and EMX2 are two homeodomain gene members of the EMX family of transcription factors involved in the regulation of various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation, during brain development and neural crest migration. They play a role in the specification of positional identity, the proliferation of neural stem cells, and the differentiation of certain neuronal cell phenotypes. In general, they act as transcription factors in early embryogenesis and neuroembryogenesis from metazoans to higher vertebrates. The EMX1 and EMX2’s potential as tumor suppressor genes has been suggested in some cancers. Our work showed that EMX1/EMX2 act as tumor suppressors in sarcomas by repressing the activity of stem cell regulatory genes (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, MYC, NANOG, NES, and PROM1). EMX protein downregulation, therefore, induced the malignance and stemness of cells both in vitro and in vivo. In murine knockout (KO) models lacking Emx genes, 3MC-induced sarcomas were more aggressive and infiltrative, had a greater capacity for tumor self-renewal, and had higher stem cell gene expression and nestin expression than those in wild-type models. These results showing that EMX genes acted as stemness regulators were reproduced in different subtypes of sarcoma. Therefore, it is possible that the EMX genes could have a generalized behavior regulating proliferation of neural crest-derived progenitors. Together, these results indicate that the EMX1 and EMX2 genes negatively regulate these tumor-altering populations or cancer stem cells, acting as tumor suppressors in sarcoma.

scholarly journals “Empowering” Cardiac Cells via Stem Cell Derived Mitochondrial Transplantation- Does Age Matter?

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1824
Author(s):  
Matthias Mietsch ◽  
Rabea Hinkel
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cardiac Cells ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Micro Rnas ◽  
New Treatment

With cardiovascular diseases affecting millions of patients, new treatment strategies are urgently needed. The use of stem cell based approaches has been investigated during the last decades and promising effects have been achieved. However, the beneficial effect of stem cells has been found to being partly due to paracrine functions by alterations of their microenvironment and so an interesting field of research, the “stem- less” approaches has emerged over the last years using or altering the microenvironment, for example, via deletion of senescent cells, application of micro RNAs or by modifying the cellular energy metabolism via targeting mitochondria. Using autologous muscle-derived mitochondria for transplantations into the affected tissues has resulted in promising reports of improvements of cardiac functions in vitro and in vivo. However, since the targeted treatment group represents mainly elderly or otherwise sick patients, it is unclear whether and to what extent autologous mitochondria would exert their beneficial effects in these cases. Stem cells might represent better sources for mitochondria and could enhance the effect of mitochondrial transplantations. Therefore in this review we aim to provide an overview on aging effects of stem cells and mitochondria which might be important for mitochondrial transplantation and to give an overview on the current state in this field together with considerations worthwhile for further investigations.

Stress resistant human embryonic stem cells as a potential source for the identification of novel cancer stem cell markers

2010 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaker A. Mousa ◽  
Thangirala Sudha ◽  
Evgeny Dyskin ◽  
Usawadee Dier ◽  
Christine Gallati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell ◽  
Human Embryonic Stem Cells ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Cancer Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Potential Source

Isolation and Characterization of Human Epidermal Stem Cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Matrix Proteins ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Epidermal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Integrin Family

1. The keratinocytes in human epidermis are constantly turned over and replaced by a population of stem cells located in the basal epidermal layer. Until recently there were no markers allowing the isolation of viable epidermal stem cells. However, it has now been shown that epidermal stem cells can be isolated both in vitro and direct from the epidermis as they express high levels of functional β1 integrin family receptors for extracellular matrix proteins. 2. The evidence for integrins as stem cell markers and the insights that have been gained into stem cell behaviour are reviewed.

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