Su1162 - Duodenal and Fecal Microbiota before and after a Gluten-Free Diet (GFD) in Patients with Celiac Disease, Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity and Controls

Regulation of gut motility is complex and involves neuromuscular, immune and environmental mechanisms. It is well established that patients with celiac disease (CD) often display gut dysmotility. Studies have shown the presence of disturbed esophageal motility, altered gastric emptying, and dysmotility of the small intestine, gallbladder and colon in untreated CD. Most of these motor abnormalities resolve after a strict gluten-free diet, suggesting that mechanisms related to the inflammatory condition and disease process are responsible for the motor dysfunction. Motility abnormalities are also a hallmark of functional bowel disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), where it has been proposed as underlying mechanism for symptom generation (diarrhea, constipation, bloating). Non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) is a poorly defined entity, mostly self-diagnosed, that presents clinically with IBS symptoms in the absence of specific celiac markers. Patients with NCGS are believed to react symptomatically to wheat components, and some studies have proposed the presence of low-grade inflammation in these patients. There is little information regarding the functional characterization of these patients before and after a gluten-free diet. A study suggested the presence of altered gastrointestinal transit in NCGS patients who also have a high prevalence of nonspecific anti-gliadin antibodies. Results of an ongoing clinical study in NCGS patients with positive anti-gliadin antibodies before and after a gluten-free diet will be discussed. Elucidating the mechanisms for symptom generation in NCGS patients is important to find new therapeutic alternatives to the burden of imposing a strict gluten-free diet in patients who do not have CD.

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Diet, Perceived Intestinal Well-Being and Compositions of Fecal Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids in Oat-Using Subjects with Celiac Disease or Gluten Sensitivity

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12092570 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 2570

Author(s):

Lotta Nylund ◽

Salla Hakkola ◽

Leo Lahti ◽

Seppo Salminen ◽

Marko Kalliomäki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Well Being ◽

Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽

Study Groups ◽

Fecal Microbiota ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Control Group ◽

Gluten Sensitivity ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Fiber Intake

A gluten-free diet may result in high fat and low fiber intake and thus lead to unbalanced microbiota. This study characterized fecal microbiota profiles by 16S MiSeq sequencing among oat-using healthy adult subjects (n = 14) or adult subjects with celiac disease (CeD) (n = 19) or non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) (n = 10). Selected microbial metabolites, self-reported 4d food diaries and perceived gut symptoms were compared. Subjects with NCGS experienced the highest amount of gut symptoms and received more energy from fat and less from carbohydrates than healthy and CeD subjects. Oat consumption resulted in reaching the lower limit of the recommended fiber intake. Frequent consumption of gluten-free pure oats did not result in microbiota dysbiosis in subjects with CeD or NCGS. Thus, the high number of gut symptoms in NCGS subjects was not linked to the microbiota. The proportion of fecal acetate was higher in healthy when compared to NCGS subjects, which may be linked to a higher abundance of Bifidobacterium in the control group compared to NCGS and CeD subjects. Propionate, butyrate and ammonia production and β-glucuronidase activity were comparable among the study groups. The results suggest that pure oats have great potential as the basis of a gluten-free diet and warrant further studies in minor microbiota disorders.

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The Relationship of Perceived Health Benefits and Information Sources to Following a Gluten-Free Diet Among People Without Celiac Disease or Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa051_001 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 704-704

Author(s):

Kristina Arslain ◽

Pratiksha Baishya ◽

Christopher Gustafson ◽

Devin Rose

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Information Sources ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Health Benefits ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Sensitivity ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Objectives The gluten-free diet (GFD) has been adopted by many people who do not have Celiac disease or non-Celiac gluten sensitivity, but no studies examine the relationship of perceived health benefits of, and the sources that recommend trying, the GFD to the decision to follow the diet. Methods We surveyed a large, nationally representative sample of 3051 US residents about their attitudes, perceptions, and experiences with the GFD. Logistic regression was used to compare respondents who had no diagnosed need for a GFD but were currently avoiding or had avoided gluten previously (GF-Consumer) to the consumers that had never tried a GFD. Results Over one-fifth of our respondents were GF-Consumers. Beliefs that “a gluten-reduced diet is healthier for people than a full-gluten containing diet” (OR 1.55; P < 0.01), that “gluten-free products are generally more nutritious than their gluten-containing variant” (OR 1.53; P < 0.01) and that a GFD can help clear acne (OR 1.44; P < 0.01) were all positively associated with trying a GFD. The most influential source that suggested the diet was oneself who learned about a GFD through personal research (OR 3.35; P < 0.01). This was followed by “family member or friend” (OR 2.68; P < 0.01) and “healthcare center or health professional (doctor, dietitian, etc.)” (OR 2.10; P < 0.01). Conclusions Positive, but scientifically unsubstantiated, beliefs about the benefits of the GFD were strongly associated with trying a GF diet. Both conventional and unconventional sources of information about the GFD were positively associated with following the diet. These findings about beliefs and information sources highlight potential barriers to the promotion of scientifically based nutritional recommendations to consumers. Funding Sources University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division Innovation Fund for Wheat/Cereal Crops.

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Metabolic effects in patients with celiac disease, patients with nonceliac gluten sensitivity, and asymptomatic controls, after six months of a gluten-free diet

Revista de Gastroenterología de México (English Edition) ◽

10.1016/j.rgmxen.2019.02.011 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 109-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.M. Remes-Troche ◽

O. De J. Cobos-Quevedo ◽

X. Rivera-Gutiérrez ◽

G. Hernández ◽

E. de la Cruz-Patiño ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Gluten Sensitivity ◽

Gluten Free

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Celiac Disease: Study of Jejunal Epithelium Before and After Gluten-Free Diet

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.1963.03700010145118 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 183 (1) ◽

pp. 191

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Before And After ◽

Disease Study

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Efficacy of a Gluten-Free Diet in the Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome: A Pilot Study

10.20944/preprints201804.0332.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Luis Rodrigo ◽

Nuria Álvarez ◽

Enrique Fernández-Bustillo ◽

Javier Salas-Puig ◽

Marcos Huerta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Tourette Syndrome ◽

Marked Reduction ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Gluten Sensitivity ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Prospective Pilot Study ◽

Before And After ◽

One Year

The Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) and Non-Coeliac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS) may be associated. We analyse the efficacy of a gluten-free diet (GFD) in 29 patients with GTS (23 children; 6 adults) in a prospective pilot study. All of them followed a GFD for one year. The YGTSS, Y-BOCS/CY-BOCS and GTS-QOL questionnaires were compared before and after the GFD. 74% of children and 50% of adults were males, not significant (NS). At the beginning of the study, 69% of children and 100% of adults had associated OCD (NS). At baseline, the YGTSS scores were 55.0 ± 17.5 (children) and 55.8 ± 19.8 (adults) (NS), the Y-BOCS/CY-BOCS scores were 15.3 (SD = 12.3) (children) and 26.8 (9.2) (adults) (p = 0.043), and the GTS-QOL scores were 42.8 ± 18.5 (children) and 64 ± 7.9 (adults) (p = 0.000). NCGS was frequent in both groups, with headaches reported by 47.0% of children and 83.6% of adults (p = 0.001). After one year on a GFD there was a marked reduction in measures of tics (YGTSS) (p = 0.001), and the intensity and frequency of OCD (Y-BOCS/CY-BOCS) (p = 0.001), along with improved QOL (p = 0.001) in children and adults. In conclusion, a GFD maintained for one year in GTS patients led to a marked reduction in tics and OCD both in children and adults.

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NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND MICRONUTRIENT LEVELS OF CHILDREN WITH CELIAC DISEASE BEFORE AND AFTER GLUTEN FREE DIET

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2006.13.01.5075 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 13 (01) ◽

pp. 145-150

Author(s):

HINA AYESHA ◽

Muhammed Asghar Butt ◽

MUHAMMED SHAMOON ◽

Maqbool Ahmed ◽

BUSHRA NAZIR ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Serum Zinc ◽

Gluten Free Diet ◽

Control Group ◽

Inflammatory Disorder ◽

Healthy Children ◽

Gluten Free ◽

Trace Mineral ◽

Before And After

Introduction: Celiac disease is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder ofsmall intestine precipitated by ingestion of gluten. Clinical and histological improvement occurs on withdrawal of glutenfrom the diet. Objectives: The present study were to identify the trace mineral deficiency in newly diagnosed celiacchildren and to assess how far these deficiencies are corrected after strict gluten free diet. The study also assessedthe nutritional status of celiac children compared to the healthy controls before and after Gluten Free Diet. Setting:Department of Pediatrics Punjab Medical College Faisalabad. Duration: January 2004 to March 2005. Study Design:Interventional case control study. Patients and Methods: 22 children aged 2 to 14 years diagnosed as Celiac diseaseon the basis of typical intestinal biopsy findings were included. 15 healthy children served as controls. Anthropometricmeasurements and serum Zinc Copper Magnesium and Iron along with albumin were done for both patients andcontrols initially and repeated after 6 months while patients were receiving strict GFD and controls receiving normaldiet. The general linear model was used for the analysis of variance using SPSS (2004). Results: Serum Zinc wasbelow the reference range in 68%. Serum copper and Magnesium in 31%, Iron in 95%and albumin in 59% of thepatients. There was a statistically significant increase in serum zinc, iron and magnesium levels (p value, < 0 05) whileserum copper and albumin did not show any significant rise after Gluten free diet. Control group did not show any significant change in their trace mineral levels .Celiac patients gained more weight (mean 4.47 versus 2.91 cm) andheight (3.34cm versus 1.022 cm) as compared to the control group. Conclusion: Celiac children receiving strict Glutenfree diet and showing good clinical response probably do not need mineral supplementation.

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