Generic tasks for knowledge-based reasoning: the “right” level of abstraction for knowledge acquisition

This work is devoted to identifying the significance of the appeal proceedings in civil cases. We emphasize that the right to judicial protection is one of the fundamental human rights. To achieve this goal, we set the following tasks: define the concept of appeal proceedings; characterize the essence of the appeal proceedings in civil cases. In the course of studying the issue, we use the methods of scientific knowledge, based on the results of which the appropriate conclusions are drawn: despite the wide recognition of the appeal proceedings in the Russian Federation, we note the need to improve the efficiency of this institution due to certain omissions in the legislation. As a result, we define what should be understood as an appeal – consideration of cases that have not entered into legal force. By virtue of this, the importance and significance of the appeal proceedings as an appeal tool, as well as the direct correction of judicial errors, is noted both by the norms of domestic legislation and by international human rights bodies. The indicated gaps in the legislation show the absence of clearly defined boundaries, which creates problems in determining the value and essence of the appeal proceedings both at the theoretical and practical levels. In particular, there is a controversy on the appeal proceedings’ importance. However, the doctrine identifies two main elements, the essence of the appeal proceedings is: 1) the repetition of the case; 2) verification of the judicial act. Nevertheless, despite the high prevalence of appeals in civil proceedings, the issue of improving the effectiveness of this institution is still relevant, which leads to the inefficiency of civil proceedings in general.

Download Full-text

A META-TOOL TO SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING METHODOLOGIES AND PROJECTS

International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering ◽

10.1142/s0218194012500283 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (08) ◽

pp. 1055-1083

Author(s):

JOSÉ ELOY FLÓREZ ◽

JAVIER CARBÓ ◽

FERNANDO FERNÁNDEZ

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Acquisition ◽

Ad Hoc ◽

Knowledge Engineering ◽

Domain Specific ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Combined Application ◽

Processing Information ◽

Knowledge Acquisition Methods ◽

Applied Knowledge

Knowledge-based systems (KBSs) or expert systems (ESs) are able to solve problems generally through the application of knowledge representing a domain and a set of inference rules. In knowledge engineering (KE), the use of KBSs in the real world, three principal disadvantages have been encountered. First, the knowledge acquisition process has a very high cost in terms of money and time. Second, processing information provided by experts is often difficult and tedious. Third, the establishment of mark times associated with each project phase is difficult due to the complexity described in the previous two points. In response to these obstacles, many methodologies have been developed, most of which include a tool to support the application of the given methodology. Nevertheless, there are advantages and disadvantages inherent in KE methodologies, as well. For instance, particular phases or components of certain methodologies seem to be better equipped than others to respond to a given problem. However, since KE tools currently available support just one methodology the joint use of these phases or components from different methodologies for the solution of a particular problem is hindered. This paper presents KEManager, a generic meta-tool that facilitates the definition and combined application of phases or components from different methodologies. Although other methodologies could be defined and combined in the KEManager, this paper focuses on the combination of two well-known KE methodologies, CommonKADS and IDEAL, together with the most commonly-applied knowledge acquisition methods. The result is an example of the ad hoc creation of a new methodology from pre-existing methodologies, allowing for the adaptation of the KE process to an organization or domain-specific characteristics. The tool was evaluated by students at Carlos III University of Madrid (Spain).

Download Full-text

The Effect of Training and Informational Technology Management on Organizational Performance of Sharjah Police

Journal of Management Research ◽

10.5296/jmr.v10i3.13104 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Abdulla Awadh Abdulla Abdulhabib ◽

Hassan Al-Dhaafri

Keyword(s):

Information Technology ◽

Organizational Performance ◽

Theoretical Foundation ◽

It Management ◽

Police Departments ◽

Successful Performance ◽

Resource Based View ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Informational Technology ◽

The Right

The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Training and Information Technology (IT) Management on Organizational Performance. Based on a theoretical foundation and a wide review of the literature, the model of the research was proposed. To achieve the research purpose, this study has integrated different theories such as Resource Based View of the Firm (RBV), Knowledge Based View (KBV) in order to analyze the effect of Training and IT Management on Organizational Performance. 341 Questionnaires were distributed among random selected sample of Sharjah Police departments in Sharjah city in Emirates. 245 questionnaires were returned and used in the analysis using the SPSS system. The results of this study demonstrate that including Information Technology (IT) Management has positive and significant effect on Organizational Performance in Sharjah Police. This study reflects the importance of the right implementation to the Training and IT Management to have successful performance. This study also supported the premises of the resource-based view theory by reaffirming the importance of the including Training and IT Management to enhance organizational performance.

Download Full-text

A Reliable Turning Process by the Early Use of a Deep Simulation Model at Several Manufacturing Stages

10.20944/preprints201703.0196.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Gorka Urbikain ◽

Luis Norberto López De Lacalle ◽

Mikel Arsuaga ◽

Alvaro Alvarez ◽

Miguel A. Alonso

Keyword(s):

Machine Tools ◽

Manufacturing Companies ◽

Machining Processes ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Direct Benefits ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Right ◽

Machining Operations ◽

Physical Laws ◽

Manufacturing Problems

The future of machine tools will be dominated by highly flexible and interconnected systems, in order to achieve the required productivity, accuracy and reliability. Nowadays, distortion and vibration problems are easily solved in labs for the most common machining operations by using models based on equations describing the physical laws of the machining processes; however additional efforts are needed to overcome the gap between scientific research and the real manufacturing problems. In fact, there is an increasing interest in developing simulation packages based on “deep-knowledge and models” that aid machine designers, production engineers or machinists to get the best of the machine-tools. This article proposes a methodology to reduce problems in machining by means of a simulation utility, which uses the main variables of the system&process as input data, and generates results that help in the proper decision-making and machining planification. Direct benefits can be found in a) the fixture/clamping optimal design, b) the machine tool configuration, c) the definition of chatter-free optimum cutting conditions and d) the right programming of cutting toolpaths at the Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) stage. The information and knowledge-based approach showed successful results in several local manufacturing companies and are explained in the paper.

Download Full-text

OPGEN: A System to Identify and Evaluate Potential Applications of Knowledge Based Systems

ASME 1992 International Computers in Engineering Conference: Volume 1 — Artificial Intelligence; Expert Systems; CAD/CAM/CAE; Computers in Fluid Mechanics/Thermal Systems ◽

10.1115/cie1992-0015 ◽

1992 ◽

Author(s):

Samir Rohatgi ◽

James H. Oliver ◽

Stuart S. Chen

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Acquisition ◽

Knowledge Base ◽

Knowledge Based Systems ◽

The Core ◽

Knowledge Based ◽

Evaluation Functions ◽

Potential Applications ◽

Computer Based ◽

Suitable System ◽

Overall Effectiveness

Abstract This paper describes the development of OPGEN (Opportunity Generator), a computer based system to help identify areas where a knowledge based system (KBS) might be beneficial, and to evaluate whether a suitable system could be developed in that area. The core of the system is a knowledge base used to carry out the identification and evaluation functions. Ancillary functions serve to introduce and demonstrate KBS technology to enhance the overall effectiveness of the system. All aspects of the development, from knowledge acquisition through to testing are presented in this paper.

Download Full-text