Prevention of LDL α-tocopherol consumption, cholesterol oxidation, and vascular endothelium dysfunction by polyphenolic compounds from red wine

Abstract Objectives Vascular dementia (VaD), being strongly associated with metabolic conditions is a major health concern around the world. Diabetes is a major risk factor for the development of VaD. This study investigates the efficacy of quercetin and folacin in diabetes induced vascular endothelium dysfunction and related dementia. Methods Single dose streptozotocin (STZ) (50 mg/kg i.p) was administered to albino Wistar rats (male, 200–250 g) by dissolving in citrate buffer. Morris water maze (MWM) and attentional set shifting tests were used to assess the spatial learning, memory, reversal learning, and executive functioning in animals. Body weight, serum glucose, serum nitrite/nitrate, vascular endothelial function, aortic superoxide anion, brains’ oxidative markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive species-TBARS, reduced glutathione-GSH, superoxide dismutase-SOD, and catalase-CAT), mitochondrial enzyme complex (I, II, and IV), inflammatory markers (interleukin-IL-6, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-TNF-α, and myeloperoxidase-MPO), and acetylcholinesterase activity-AChE were also assessed. Quercetin (30 mg kg−1/60 mg kg−1) and folacin (30 mg kg−1/60 mg kg−1) were used as the treatment drugs. Donepezil (0.5 mg kg−1) was used as a positive control. Results STZ administered rats showed reduction in learning, memory, reversal learning, executive functioning, impairment in endothelial function, increase in brains’ oxidative stress; inflammation; AChE activity, and decrease in mitochondrial complex (I, II, and IV) activity. Administration of quercetin and folacin in two different doses, significantly attenuated the STZ induced diabetes induced impairments in the behavioral, endothelial, and biochemical parameters. Conclusions STZ administration caused diabetes and VaD which was attenuated by the administration of quercetin and folacin. Therefore, these agents may be studied further for the assessment of their full potential in diabetes induced VaD conditions.

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Relaxation induced by red wine polyphenolic compounds in rat pulmonary arteries: lack of inhibition by NO-synthase inhibitor

Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.1111/j.1472-8206.2007.00546.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 25-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Véronique Leblais ◽

Stéphanie Krisa ◽

Josep Valls ◽

Arnaud Courtois ◽

Sabrina Abdelouhab ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Red Wine ◽

Pulmonary Arteries ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

No Synthase ◽

No Synthase Inhibitor ◽

Synthase Inhibitor

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Plasma phospholipid transfer protein prevents vascular endothelium dysfunction by delivering α‐tocopherol to endothelial cells

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.13.8.883 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 883-892 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Catherine Desrumaux ◽

Valérie Deckert ◽

Anne Athias ◽

David Masson ◽

Gérard Lizard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Endothelial Cells ◽

Vascular Endothelium ◽

Plasma Phospholipid ◽

Phospholipid Transfer Protein ◽

Endothelium Dysfunction ◽

Transfer Protein ◽

Phospholipid Transfer

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Endothelial progenitor cells in pathogenesis of new coronaviral infection

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2021-4-199-204 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 199-204

Author(s):

N. A. Kuzubova ◽

O. N. Titova ◽

E. S. Lebedeva ◽

E. V. Volchkova

Keyword(s):

Progenitor Cells ◽

Endothelial Progenitor Cells ◽

Vascular Endothelium ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Endothelial Progenitor ◽

Hematopoietic Stem ◽

Damage Area ◽

Endothelium Dysfunction ◽

Pathogenic Factors ◽

And Migration

Pulmonary vascular endothelium dysfunction is one of the main pathogenic factors responsible for many clinical manifestations of the severe course of COVID-19. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are the endogenous regenerative reserve that maintains the integrity of the vascular endothelium and its restoration in case of damage by pathogenic factors. A decrease in the circulating EPCs is regarded as a predictor of morbidity and mortality in conditions associated with development of endothelial dysfunction, including COVID-19. The exact phenotype of progenitor cells capable of differentiating into endothelial cells has not been determined. In most laboratories antigens CD133+, CD34+, VEGFR-2+ (CD 309) or combination of these are used to identify EPCs. The process of EPCs mobilization and migration is controlled by molecular signals from immune cells located in the damage area. Stromal cell factor 1 (SDF-1), produced by the bone marrow and many other tissues, is an important chemoattractant for EPCs which express its receptors. The results of studies carried out in 2020 indicate that SARS-Cov-2 infects both hematopoietic stem cells, transforming into EPCs, and directly circulating EPCs, causing inflammatory and procoagulant reactions that complicate the COVID-19 course. There is no consensus on the mechanism of EPCs infection with coronavirus – directly through the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE2) receptor or through an ACE2-independent mechanism. Today there is no effective therapy for COVID-19. The use of the EPCs regenerative potential, and the search for ways to enhance the EPCs mobilization from the depot, and increase their functional activity may become a promising approach to the prevention of severe complications and mortality from COVID-19.

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Non-Thermal Ultrasonic Extraction of Polyphenolic Compounds from Red Wine Lees

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9040472 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 472 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Filip Dujmić ◽

Karin Kovačević Ganić ◽

Duska Ćurić ◽

Sven Karlović ◽

Tomislav Bosiljkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Red Wine ◽

Polyphenolic Compounds ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Extraction Capacity ◽

Ultrasound Extraction ◽

Probe Diameter ◽

Maximum Extraction ◽

Conventional Ultrasound ◽

Ultrasound Assisted

This study presents the results of conventional aqueous (CE) and non-conventional ultrasound-assisted (UAE) extractions of polyphenolic compounds from lees extracts of red wine varieties (Merlot and Vranac). The effect of ultrasound extraction time (t, s), and amplitude (A,%) from a 400 W ultrasound processor with different ultrasonic probes diameters (Ds, mm) on the amount and profile of polyphenolic compounds in the obtained extracts was investigated and compared to CE. The optimal conditions resulting in maximum extraction of phenolic compounds were: Probe diameter of 22 mm, amplitude 90% and extraction time for Vranac wine lees 1500 s and for Merlot wine lees extraction time of 1361 s. UAE proved to be significantly more effective in enhancing the extraction capacity of trans-resveratrol glucoside (30.57% to 300%), trans-resveratrol (36.36% to 45.75%), quercetin (39.94% to 43.83%), kaempferol (65.13% to 72.73%), petunidin-3-glucoside (41.53% to 64.95%), malvidin-3-glucoside (47.63% to 89.17%), malvidin-3-(6-O-acetyl) glucoside (23.84% to 49.74%), and malvidin-3-(6-O-p-coumaroyl) glucoside (26.77% to 34.93%) as compared to CE. Ultrasound reduced the extraction time (2.5-fold) and showed an increase of antioxidant potential by 76.39% (DPPH) and 125.83% (FRAP) compared to CE.

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