scholarly journals Mice lacking acylation stimulating protein (ASP) have delayed postprandial triglyceride clearance

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1671-1676 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Murray ◽  
A.D. Sniderman ◽  
K. Cianflone
Keyword(s):  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Acylation Stimulating Protein

Enhanced triglyceride clearance with intraperitoneal human acylation stimulating protein in C57BL/6 mice

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (3) ◽  
pp. E474-E480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Murray ◽  
Allan D. Sniderman ◽  
Katherine Cianflone
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Human Adipose Tissue ◽  
Plasma Triglyceride ◽  
Complement C3 ◽  
Postprandial Period ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Acylation Stimulating Protein

Acylation stimulating protein (ASP), a novel adipocyte-derived autocrine protein, stimulates triglyceride synthesis and glucose transport in vitro in human and murine adipocytes. In vitro, chylomicrons increase ASP and precursor complement C3 production in adipocytes. Furthermore, in vivo, ASP production from human adipose tissue correlates positively with triglyceride clearance postprandially. The aim of the present study was to determine if intraperitoneally injected ASP accelerated triglyceride clearance in vivo after a fat load in C57Bl/6 mice. ASP increased the triglyceride clearance with a reduction of the triglyceride area under the curve over 6 h (AUC0–6) from 102.6 ± 30.0 to 61.0 ± 14.5 mg ⋅ dl−1 ⋅ h−1( P < 0.05), especially in the latter postprandial period (AUC3–6; 56.2 ± 18.0 vs. 24.9 ± 8.9 mg ⋅ dl−1 ⋅ h−1, P < 0.025). ASP also reduced plasma glucose both in the mice with accelerated plasma triglyceride clearance and in those with relatively delayed triglyceride clearance ( P < 0.025). Therefore, ASP alters postprandial triglyceride and glucose metabolism.

scholarly journals Fasting acylation-stimulating protein is predictive of postprandial triglyceride clearance

2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Cianflone ◽  
Robert Zakarian ◽  
Charles Couillard ◽  
Bernadette Delplanque ◽  
Jean-Pierre Despres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Acylation Stimulating Protein

Therapeutic Application of Diacylglycerol Oil for Obesity: Serotonin Hypothesis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidekatsu Yanai ◽  
Hiroshi Yoshida ◽  
Yuji Hirowatari ◽  
Norio Tada
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serotonin Release ◽  
Intestinal Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride

Characteristics for the serum lipid abnormalities in the obesity/metabolic syndrome are elevated fasting, postprandial triglyceride (TG), and decreased high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C). Diacylglycerol (DAG) oil ingestion has been reported to ameliorate postprandial hyperlipidemia and prevent obesity by increasing energy expenditure, due to the intestinal physiochemical dynamics that differ from triacylglycerol (TAG). Our study demonstrated that DAG suppresses postprandial increase in TG-rich lipoprotein, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and insulin, as compared with TAG in young, healthy individuals. Interestingly, our study also presented that DAG significantly increases plasma serotonin, which is mostly present in the intestine, and mediates thermogenesis, proposing a possible mechanism for a postprandial increase in energy expenditure by DAG. Our other study demonstrated that DAG suppresses postprandial increase in TG, VLDL-C, and remnant-like particle-cholesterol, in comparison with TAG in an apolipoprotein C-II deficient subject, suggesting that DAG suppresses postprandial TG-rich lipoprotein independently of lipoprotein lipase. Further, to understand the molecular mechanisms for DAG-mediated increase in serotonin and energy expenditure, we studied the effects of 1-monoacylglycerol and 2-monoacylglycerol, distinct digestive products of DAG and TAG, respectively, on serotonin release from the Caco-2 cells, the human intestinal cell line. We also studied effects of 1- and 2-monoacylglycerol, and serotonin on the expression of mRNA associated with β-oxidation, fatty acids metabolism, and thermogenesis, in the Caco-2 cells. 1-monoacylglycerol significantly increased serotonin release from the Caco-2 cells, compared with 2-monoacylglycerol by approximately 40%. The expression of mRNA of acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO), fatty acid translocase (FAT), and uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2), was significantly higher in 1-MOG-treated Caco-2 cells, than 2-MOG-treated cells. The expression of mRNA of ACO, medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, FAT, and UCP-2, was significantly elevated in serotonin-treated Caco-2 cells, compared to cells incubated without serotonin. In conclusion, our clinical and in vitro studies suggested a possible therapeutic application of DAG for obesity, and obesity-related metabolic disorders.Key words: Diacylglycerol, intestine, obesity, serotonin, thermogenesis

scholarly journals The chemoattractant receptor-like protein C5L2 binds the C3a des-Arg77/acylation-stimulating protein. Vol. 278 (2003) 11123-11129

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (1) ◽  
pp. 820
Author(s):  
David Kalant ◽  
Stuart A. Cain ◽  
Magdalena Maslowska ◽  
Allan D. Sniderman ◽  
Katherine Cianflone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acylation Stimulating Protein

scholarly journals Casein Compared with Whey Proteins Affects the Organization of Dietary Fat during Digestion and Attenuates the Postprandial Triglyceride Response to a Mixed High-Fat Meal in Healthy, Overweight Men

2015 ◽  
Vol 145 (12) ◽  
pp. 2657-2664 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Mariotti ◽  
Marion Valette ◽  
Christelle Lopez ◽  
Hélène Fouillet ◽  
Marie-Hélène Famelart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Fat Meal

Postprandial dyslipidemia in men with visceral obesity: an effect of reduced LDL receptor expression?

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (3) ◽  
pp. E626-E632 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. L. Mamo ◽  
Gerald F. Watts ◽  
P. Hugh R. Barrett ◽  
Darrin Smith ◽  
Anthony P. James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzyme ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Receptor Expression ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Obese Subjects

Postprandial lipemia after an oral fat challenge was studied in middle-aged men with visceral obesity. The two groups had similar plasma cholesterol levels, but obese subjects had higher levels of plasma triglyceride and reduced amounts of high-density cholesterol. Fasting plasma insulin was fourfold greater in obese subjects because of concomitant insulin resistance, with a calculated HOMA score of 3.1 ± 0.6 vs. 0.8 ± 0.2, respectively. Plasma apolipoprotein B48(apoB48) and retinyl palmitate (RP) after an oral fat challenge were used to monitor chylomicron metabolism. Compared with lean subjects, the fasting concentration of apoB48 was more than twofold greater in obese individuals, suggestive of an accumulation of posthydrolyzed particles. After the oral lipid load, the incremental areas under the apoB48 and RP curves (IAUC) were both significantly greater in obese subjects (apoB48: 97 ± 17 vs. 44 ± 12 μg · ml−1 · h; RP: 3,120 ± 511 vs. 1,308 ± 177 U · ml−1 · h, respectively). A delay in the conversion of chylomicrons to remnants probably contributed to postprandial dyslipidemia in viscerally obese subjects. The triglyceride IAUC was 68% greater in obese subjects (4.7 ± 0.6 vs. 2.8 ± 0.8 mM · h, P< 0.06). Moreover, peak postprandial triglyceride was delayed by ∼2 h in obese subjects. The reduction in triglyceride lipolysis in vivo did not appear to reflect changes in hydrolytic enzyme activities. Postheparin plasma lipase rates were found to be similar for lean and obese subjects. In this study, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor expression on monunuclear cells was used as a surrogate marker of hepatic activity. We found that, in obese subjects, the binding of LDL was reduced by one-half compared with lean controls (70.9 ± 15.07 vs. 38.9 ± 4.6 ng LDL bound/μg cell protein, P = 0.02). Because the LDL receptor is involved in the removal of proatherogenic chylomicron remnants, we suggest that the hepatic clearance of these particles might be compromised in insulin-resistant obese subjects. Premature and accelerated atherogenesis in viscerally obese, insulin-resistant subjects may in part reflect delayed clearance of postprandial lipoprotein remnants.

scholarly journals A 12-wk whole-grain wheat intervention protects against hepatic fat: the Graandioos study, a randomized trial in overweight subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1264-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Schutte ◽  
Diederik Esser ◽  
Femke P M Hoevenaars ◽  
Guido J E J Hooiveld ◽  
Marion G Priebe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Liver Fat ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Liver Health

ABSTRACT Background Whole-grain wheat (WGW) is described as nutritionally superior to refined wheat (RW) and thus advocated as the healthy choice, although evidence from intervention studies is often inconsistent. The liver, as the central organ in energy metabolism, might be an important target organ for WGW interventions. Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the potential benefits of WGW consumption compared with RW consumption on liver health and associated parameters. Design We performed a double-blind, parallel trial in which 50 overweight 45- to 70-y-old men and postmenopausal women were randomly allocated to a 12-wk intervention with either WGW (98 g/d) or RW (98 g/d) products. Before and after the intervention we assessed intrahepatic triglycerides (IHTGs) and fat distribution by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy/magnetic resonance imaging, fecal microbiota composition, adipose tissue gene expression, and several fasting plasma parameters, as well as postprandial plasma lipids after a mixed meal. Results Fasting plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and insulin were not affected by RW or WGW intervention. We observed a substantial increase of 49.1% in IHTGs in the RW when compared with the WGW group (P = 0.033). Baseline microbiota composition could not predict the increase in IHTGs after RW, but gut microbiota diversity decreased in the RW group when compared with the WGW group (P = 0.010). In the WGW group, we observed increased postprandial triglyceride levels compared with the RW group (P = 0.020). In addition, the WGW intervention resulted in a trend towards lower fasting levels of the liver acute-phase proteins serum amyloid A (P = 0.057) and C-reactive protein (P = 0.064) when compared to the RW intervention. Conclusions A 12-wk RW intervention increases liver fat and might contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, whereas a 12-wk 98-g/d WGW intervention prevents a substantial increase in liver fat. Our results show that incorporating feasible doses of WGW in the diet at the expense of RW maintains liver health. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02385149.

scholarly journals Intrauterine growth-restricted Yucatan miniature pigs experience early catch-up growth, leading to greater adiposity and impaired lipid metabolism as young adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 1322-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semone B. Myrie ◽  
Leslie L. McKnight ◽  
J. Christopher King ◽  
John J. McGuire ◽  
Bruce N. Van Vliet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Miniature Pigs ◽  
Postprandial Triglyceride ◽  
Fat Tolerance Test ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
The Impact

Early nutrition has critical influences on cardiovascular disease risk in adulthood. The study objectives were to evaluate the impact of low birth weight on fasting and postprandial lipid metabolism and endothelium function in Yucatan miniature pigs. Intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) piglets (n = 6; 3 days old, 0.73 ± 0.04 kg) were paired with normal-weight (NW) same-sex littermates (n = 6; 1.11 ± 0.05 kg) and fed milk replacer ad libitum for 4 weeks. Thereafter, all pigs were fed a standard diet ad libitum for 5 h/day with growth, intakes, and blood samples collected for 8 months. At 9 months old, pigs were surgically fitted with venous catheters and an oral fat tolerance test was performed. At 10 months old, pigs were killed and endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilations of isolated coronary arteries were measured using wire-myographs. IUGR pigs demonstrated catch-up growth (P < 0.05) in body weight and abdominal circumference prior to sexual maturity (<7 months old) and had more (P < 0.05) subcutaneous fat at 10 months old compared with NW pigs. IUGR pigs had consistently higher fasting plasma triglyceride concentrations from 5 to 10 months old and higher liver triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations at 10 months old (P < 0.05). The fat tolerance test revealed delayed postprandial triglyceride clearance in IUGR pigs, but no differences in plaque formation or vascular reactivity. To conclude, IUGR and early postnatal catch-up growth are associated with increased overall body fat deposition and altered triglyceride metabolism in adult Yucatan miniature swine.

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