scholarly journals Lack of effect of chronic nicotine administration on fatty acid distribution in the liver, testis, and adipose tissue of male Fischer-344 rats

1973 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-691
Author(s):  
R.G. Brindis ◽  
B.J. Petersen ◽  
J.H. Thompson ◽  
R.B. Alfin-Slater
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Chronic Nicotine ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Nicotine Administration

Effects of chronic nicotine administration and age on various neurotransmitters and associated enzymes in male Fischer-344 rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy H. Thompson ◽  
Che Su ◽  
Jean C. Shin ◽  
Dorothea Aures ◽  
Leslie Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Chronic Nicotine ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Nicotine Administration

Influence of age and exercise training on lipid metabolism in Fischer-344 rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1638-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Barakat ◽  
G. L. Dohm ◽  
N. Shukla ◽  
R. H. Marks ◽  
M. Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Lipoprotein Lipase Activity ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Glyceride Synthesis ◽  
Old Rats

The influence of training on fatty acid and glyceride synthesis by liver and adipose tissue homogenates of young and old Fischer-344 rats was examined. Four groups of rats (10 animals/group) were studied: young untrained, young trained, old untrained, and old trained. Training of each group was for 10 wk at 75% maximal O2 uptake. Young rats were killed at 6 mo of age and old rats were killed at 27 mo of age. Fatty acid synthesis was assessed by measuring the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase, ATP citrate-lyase, "malic" enzyme, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Glyceride synthesis was evaluated by determining the rate of incorporation of [14C]glycerol 3-phosphate into lipids. In addition, lipoprotein lipase activity was measured in acetone-ether powders of adipose tissue from the four groups of rats. In liver, training had no effect on fatty acid or glyceride synthesis in either group. However, aging caused a significant decrease in the activities of four of the lipogenic enzymes but had no effect on glyceride synthesis. Training caused an increase in fatty acid synthase and glyceride synthesis in adipose tissue, and aging decreased lipoprotein lipase activity. It was concluded that training enhances the synthetic capacity of lipids by adipose tissue but that aging had a more profound effect in that the activities of the enzymes involved in these processes were lower in the old rats. Furthermore, the decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase in the older rats may explain the higher plasma triglyceride levels that were observed in these animals.

scholarly journals Consumption of Cherry out of Season Changes White Adipose Tissue Gene Expression and Morphology to a Phenotype Prone to Fat Accumulation

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albert Gibert-Ramos ◽  
Anna Crescenti ◽  
M. Salvadó
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Obesogenic Diet ◽  
Adipose Tissue Gene Expression ◽  
Biometric Measurements

The aim of this study was to determine whether the consumption of cherry out of its normal harvest photoperiod affects adipose tissue, increasing the risk of obesity. Fischer 344 rats were held over a long day (LD) or a short day (SD), fed a standard diet (STD), and treated with a cherry lyophilizate (CH) or vehicle (VH) (n = 6). Biometric measurements, serum parameters, gene expression in white (RWAT) and brown (BAT) adipose tissues, and RWAT histology were analysed. A second experiment with similar conditions was performed (n = 10) but with a cafeteria diet (CAF). In the STD experiment, Bmal1 and Cry1 were downregulated in the CHSD group compared to the VHSD group. Pparα expression was downregulated while Ucp1 levels were higher in the BAT of the CHSD group compared to the VHSD group. In the CAF-fed rats, glucose and insulin serum levels increased, and the expression levels of lipogenesis and lipolysis genes in RWAT were downregulated, while the adipocyte area increased and the number of adipocytes diminished in the CHSD group compared to the VHSD group. In conclusion, we show that the consumption of cherry out of season influences the metabolism of adipose tissue and promotes fat accumulation when accompanied by an obesogenic diet.

scholarly journals Comparison of Mangalica and Hungarian Large White pigs at identical bodyweight: 2. Fatty acid regiodistribution analysis of the triacylglycerols

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Szabó ◽  
P. Horn ◽  
R. Romvári ◽  
Z. Házas ◽  
H. Fébel
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Distribution ◽  
Direct Analysis ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Large White ◽  
White Tissue ◽  
Extrahepatic Tissues ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids

Abstract. At identical bodyweight values (130 kg) Mangalica and Hungarian Large White tissue (liver, kidney, heart and skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, spleen and lung) triacylglycerol (TAG) fatty acid distribution analysis was performed, to describe tissue types and possible genotype-associated differences. Tissue TAG was partially hydrolyzed with hog pancreatic lipase, and the fatty acid profile of 2-monoacylglycerols (2MAG) and TAGs was analyzed by gas-chromatography. All extrahepatic tissues provided marked central (sn-2) saturated fatty acid (SFA) (mostly palmitate) recruitment, while liver 2MAGs were mainly aclylated by unsaturated fatty acids (UFA). Inter-genotype differences were minor: in adipose tissue in Mangalica the total palmitate moiety was found in the 2MAGs, while in the liver docosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids were only found in the Mangalica 2MAGs. In conclusion, the direct analysis results of the 2MAGs in six extrahepatic organs and in the liver provided evidence that the building-up of the characteristic porcine TAG structure is located at a post-hepatic site, being true for most of the organs in the pig body.

scholarly journals Preferential Metabolic Activation of Subcortical Brain Areas by Acute Administration of Nicotine to Rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis McNamara ◽  
Denise M. Larson ◽  
Stanley I. Rapoport ◽  
Timothy T. Soncrant
Keyword(s):  
Visual Processing ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Cognitive Effects ◽  
Fischer 344 Rats ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Fischer 344 ◽  
Nicotine Administration ◽  
Nicotine Receptors

Cerebral metabolic and behavioral effects of acutely administered nicotine were measured in rats in relation to dose. Nicotine 0.1, 1, or 10 mg/kg or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally to 3-month-old male Fischer-344 rats that had been pretreated with hexamethonium bromide 5 mg/kg i.p. to reduce peripheral autonomic effects. Regional CMRglc (rCMRglc) values were measured, using the quantitative autoradiographic [14C]-2-deoxy-d-glucose method, in 71 brain regions, beginning 3 min after nicotine or vehicle administration. Intensity of body tremor, scored by a blinded rater, was dose related and peaked at 3 min after nicotine injection. rCMRglc rose in a dose-related manner: Nicotine 0.1 mg/kg had no significant effect in any region, whereas 1 mg/kg elevated rCMRglc significantly in 21 regions (mean rise 20%) and 10 mg/kg produced generalized (56 regions) and greater (mean rise 50%) increases in rCMRglc. Nicotine 1 mg/kg activated thalamic nuclei, cerebellum, geniculate nuclei, superior colliculus, median raphe, reticular formation, and the habenulointerpeduncular pathway, but was without effect in the telencephalon. Effects of nicotine in the hindbrain were related anatomically to reported distributions of [3H]nicotine and [3H]acetylcholine but not [125I]α-bungarotoxin binding sites, implying that the former ligands label functional nicotine receptors. The pattern of change in rCMRglc after nicotine administration suggests that its cognitive effects in humans are due to augmented arousal/attention and visual processing rather than to direct neocortical or hippocampal activation.

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