Birth weight, gestational age, and sex asdetermining factors in the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome of prematurely born infants

1968 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 628-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert C. Miller ◽  
Prasit Futrakul
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Prematurely Born Infants ◽  
Age And Sex

Competing Risk Analysis of the Health Status of Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenaw Ayele ◽  
Mekonnen Tadesse ◽  
Zelalem Tazu
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Competing Risk

Introduction: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is not only the most common respiratory disorder in premature infants but also the main cause of neonatal mortality. Methods: Competing risk framework was used to examine and identify potential prognostic factors of the health status of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Preterm infants with RDS admitted to the neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of selected hospitals in Ethiopia were followed for 28 days and only neonates with complete cases were included in the analysis. The Fine-Gray or sub-distribution hazard model was used to identify significant prognostic factors. Three outcome variables (death due to RDS, death due to other causes and discharged alive) were considered. Results: The Fine-Gray model fit results revealed that anemia, multiple pregnancies, birth-weight and gestational age were the prognostic factors significantly associated with the death of neonates due to Respiratory distress syndrome problem while Pneumonia, meningitis, anemia and gestational age of neonates were the significant prognostic factors for death of neonates due to other causes. Moreover, pneumonia, birth weight and gestational age were identified as the prognostic factors associated with neonates being discharged alive. Conclusion: Offering intensive and adequate treatments for neonates with lowest birth-weights and gestational age may be useful to reduce neonatal mortality and increase the incidence of being discharged alive.

scholarly journals OUTCOME OF PRETERM BABIES WITH RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaitan Singh Balai ◽  
Vivek Arora
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Preterm Babies

Background: To study outcome of preterm babies with RDS in babies admitted in NICU. Methods: This study was hospital based prospective study of preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome admitted in NICU of MBGH RNT medical college Udaipur, from February 2017 to January 2018. Results: Among 200 preterm neonates included in the study 31 neonates expired. Mortality was 15.5%. The mortality was 10.17% among the preterm neonates with RDS and hospitalized within 6 hrs. It was 31.81% among neonates hospitalized between 6-12 hrs and 62.5% and 66.66% among neonates hospitalized between 12-24 hrs and after 24 hrs of birth respectively. Conclusion: Mortality rate is inversely related to birth weight and gestational age and directly related to age at admission and severity of respiratory distress (Silverman-Anderson score). Keywords: Preterm, Neonates, Birth weight.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Leak Synchronized Nasal SIMV Methods and Leak Compensated Nasal SIMV in Newborns with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Ahmet Özdemir ◽  
Mustafa Ali Akın ◽  
Osman Baştug ◽  
Tamer Güneş
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of leak compensated nasal SIMV (LCnSIMV) and leak synchronized nasal SIMV (LSnSIMV) modes in order to reduce the need for endotracheal intubation and associated complications in newborns with respiratory distress. This randomized, prospective study was conducted on 50 infants (25 per group) with gestational age below 34 weeks and/or below 2000 grams who have been admitted to NICU of Erciyes University Hospital because of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and need for mechanical ventilation. Infants with congenital heart disease, nasopharyngeal pathology (coanal atresia and cleft palate-lip) were excluded. Infants monitored on mechanical ventilator after surfactant were randomly assigned to LCnSIMV and LSnSIMV groups before extubation. SPO2/FiO2 (S/F), peak heart rate (PHR), respiration rate per minute (RRM), and arterial blood pressure (aBP) values of patients were recorded. Gestational age, birth weight, gender, RDS, patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) requiring treatment, presence of intraventricular bleeding (IVH), retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) were recorded. The patients enrolled in the study were female by 48% and male by 52%. There was not any statistically significant difference between groups for gender, postnatal age and birth weight. There was detected statistically significant difference between LCnSIMV and LSnSIMV groups for non-invasive ventilation period and re-intubation rate (p=0.04 and p=0.03, respectively). There was detected statistically significant difference between LCnSIMV and LSnSIMV groups for SpO2 and S/F rates at 60 minutes (p=0.03 and p=0.01, respectively). There was not any difference between groups for blood pressure, PDA, IVH, ROP, BPD, NEC, sepsis and air leak. It may be appropriate to prefer the LSnSIMV method in patients with respiratory distress syndrome who need non-invasive ventilation in the pre-extubation period by considering the patient-ventilator compliance for positive effect in terms of mechanical clinical variables.

scholarly journals Investigation Into the Current Situation and Analysis of the Factors Influencing Extrauterine Growth Retardation in Preterm Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Hui-Ming Feng ◽  
Bayier Caicike ◽  
Yan-Ping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Extrauterine Growth Retardation ◽  
Growth Indicators

Objective: This study aims to explore the occurrence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) in preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks, at discharge, and the factors influencing the occurrence of EUGR.Method: A retrospective analysis of 691 preterm infants with a gestational age of less than 34 weeks, born in our hospital over the past 3 years. At discharge, the growth indicators head circumference, weight, and length were used to divide the infants into an EUGR group (n = 255) and the non-EUGR group (n = 436). The occurrence of EUGR and its influencing factors were then analyzed.Results: Of the 691 preterm infants evaluated for inclusion in the study, 255 cases (36.9%) met the requirements of EUGR at discharge. The different growth indicators used, i.e., weight, length, and head circumference, classified the infants differently. The incidence of EUGR using these measures was 30.2% (209), 27.9% (193), and 23.2% (161), respectively. The results of a univariate analysis showed that gestational age, birth weight, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), maternal gestational hypertension, age at which the infant commenced feeding, duration of the application of an invasive ventilator, length of hospital stay, nosocomial infection, respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases, symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus, and the early onset of neonatal sepsis were correlated with the occurrence of EUGR. Further logistic multivariate regression analysis revealed that low gestational age, low birth weight, complicated IUGR, respiratory distress syndrome, and necrotizing enterocolitis were independent risk factors for EUGR in preterm infants with a gestational age <34 weeks.Conclusion: In preterm infants with a gestational age <34 weeks in our hospital, there is a high incidence of EUGR, which is affected by factors such as the gestational age, birth weight, IUGR, respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, and other factors.

Follow-up Studies of Very Low Birth Weight Infants (1,250 Grams or Less) Born and Treated Within a Perinatal Center

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-444
Author(s):  
Savitri P. Kumar ◽  
Endla K. Anday ◽  
Linda M. Sacks ◽  
Rosalind V. Ting ◽  
Maria Delivoria-Papadopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Perinatal Center ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age

The growth and development of inborn very low birth weight infants was evaluated in 50 of 60 survivors from 132 babies weighing ≤1,250 gm born July 1974 to December 1977. Mean ± SE birth weight and gestation was 1,066 ± 19.3 gm and 29.5 ± 0.3 weeks, respectively, with 13 infants small-for-gestational age. Of the survivors, 26% weighed ≤1,000 gm. Male to female ratio was 1:1.4. Apgar scores ≤5 at five minutes occurred in 16% of the infants. Respiratory distress syndrome occurred in 56%, but only 10% (5/50) required mechanical ventilation. At 1 year, 46% small for gestational age (SGA) and 8% appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants were less than the third percentile for weight. Major neurologic abnormality occurred in three infants (6%), one of whom is also blind. Grade V retrolental fibroplasia occurred in two others. Severe developmental delay (development quotient <80, Gesell) occurred in these five infants and two other neurologically normal babies. Of 15 infants weighing ≤1,000 gm, two had major handicaps. Eight percent of the AGA infants and 30% of the SGA infants had major handicaps. These data indicate that infants born and treated in a perinatal center have a decreased incidence of asphyxia and severe respiratory distress syndrome and that the incidence of major handicaps is reduced, especially in the appropriate for gestational age baby.

Considerations when devising a protocol for pre-eclampsia

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine O’Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Fetal Growth Restriction ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Medical Complication

Hypertension is the most frequent medical complication of pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Hypertension is the most common first sign of preeclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is also associated with fetal growth restriction, low birth weight, preterm delivery, small for gestational age infants and respiratory distress syndrome.

Predictors of mortality in premature babies with respiratory distress syndrome treated by early rescue surfactant therapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
V. Gahlawat ◽  
H. Chellani ◽  
I. Saini ◽  
S. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Surfactant Therapy ◽  
Mask Ventilation ◽  
Predictors Of Mortality ◽  
Antenatal Steroid ◽  
Bag And Mask Ventilation

OBJECTIVE: To determine the predictors of mortality following early rescue surfactant therapy in preterm babies with respiratory distress syndrome. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort study enrolling babies between 28 weeks to 34 weeks with respiratory distress syndrome requiring early rescue surfactant therapy. For statistical analysis babies were further divided into two subgroups: survivors and non-survivors. Maternal and neonatal variables were compared between the two groups to find out the predictors of mortality. RESULTS: Out of total 110 babies, 72 (65.45%) survived. The mean birth weight and mean gestational age of the study population was 1614.36 (±487.86) g and 31.40 (±2.0)1 weeks, respectively. Birth weight <  1500 g, gestational age <  32 weeks, primiparity, vaginal delivery, prolonged rupture of membranes, lack of antenatal steroid cover, bag and mask ventilation at birth, sepsis, apneic episodes and mechanical ventilation were significantly associated with death on univariate analysis. On multivariate analysis, very low birth weight, vaginal delivery, lack of antenatal steroid cover, bag and mask ventilation at birth and mechanical ventilation were found to be independent predictors of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Some of the identified predictors of mortality are modifiable and can be used to draw up a screening tool to predict the clinical severity and mortality among these babies.

Early versus late treatment of neonatal acidosis in low-birth-weight infants: Relation to respiratory distress syndrome

1972 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1178-1187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calvin J. Hobel ◽  
William Oh ◽  
Marcia A. Hyvarinen ◽  
George C. Emmanouilides ◽  
Allen Erenberg
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Late Treatment

MATERNAL AND PERINATAL OUTCOMES WITH ANTENATAL CORTICOSTEROID ADMINISTRATION IN PRETERM DELIVERIES AT GOVERNMENT DISTRICT HOSPITAL, NANDYAL- AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
P. Swathi ◽  
K. Radhikajyothi
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Antenatal Corticosteroid ◽  
Antenatal Corticosteroids ◽  
Corticosteroid Administration ◽  
Antenatal Steroids ◽  
Government District

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth remains a major health issue worldwide. Preterm delivery affects over 7–12% of births in India and is responsible for up to 75% of neonatal deaths. Despite advances in medical technology, the prevalence of preterm birth is increasing. Discovery of antenatal corticosteroid for fetal maturation and its adoption into clinical practice highlights several fascinating and universal truths about science and medicine. The challenge in human studies is to demonstrate antenatal corticosteroid administration in pregnancy contributes to developmental programming and how this is manifested in later life. The World Health Organization recommends the use of one course of antenatal steroids for all pregnant women between 26 and 35 weeks of gestation who are at risk of preterm delivery within 7 days. Both, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists and the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists recommend their use between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation (1). The use of antenatal steroids after 34 or 35 weeks of gestation is not recommended unless there is evidence of fetal pulmonary immaturity. Despite this, antenatal steroids are widely used globally across all gestational periods. In a diverse country like India, diversity in clinical practice is a reality. Hence, the present research study intends to study the maternal and perinatal outcomes with antenatal corticosteroid administration in preterm deliveries at Government district hospital, Nandyal in South India. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Ÿ To determine the incidence of RDS at District hospital, Nandyal among neonates delivered between 28-37 weeks due to PTL, PPROM or severe PET whose mothers received ACS and in those whose mothers did not receive ACS. Ÿ To determine the severity of RDS at District hospital, Nandyal among neonates delivered between 28-37 weeks due to PTL, PPROM or severe PET whose mothers received ACS and in those whose mothers did not receive ACS. Ÿ To compare the neonatal mortality among neonates delivered between 28-37 weeks due to PTL, PPROM or severe PET whose mothers received ACS with those whose mothers did not receive ACS. Ÿ To determine the effectiveness of antenatal corticosteroid administration in preventing early neonatal respiratory distress syndrome in early preterm labour versus late preterm labour. Ÿ To determine the effectiveness of ACS administration in preventing neonatal complications with respect to the mode of delivery. METHODOLOGY: Study was conducted at Government District Hospital, Nandyal from 01/01/2019 to 30/10/2019. A structured questionnaire was prepared under guidance of thesis guide. All pregnant women with gestational age between 28 completed weeks to 37 completed weeks, presenting in OPD either in labour or getting admitted due to any other maternal medical complication, are initially assessed thoroughly to estimate the gestational age by history, LMP, early USG, and clinical examination. They are given a course of ACS if they were not expecting delivery within next 1 hour, after explaining the benets and risks of ACS as per recommendations of Federation of International st Gynecology and Obstetrics. Those who did not receive ACS or those who delivered within 24hrs of administration of 1 dose of ACS were considered as subjects in NACS group. Those who received ACS were considered as subjects in ACS group. After delivery, the neonate is followed up in NICU until discharged or until 7 days whichever is shorter. Mother is followed up for any clinical signs of infection, until she is discharged. Data is analyzed scientically. RESULTS: In Antenatal corticosteroids group (ACS), there were 36 subjects within 20 years, 43 subjects between 20-25 years, 29 subjects between 25-30 years, 25 subjects between 30-35 years. In No Antenatal corticosteroids group (NACS), there were 32 subjects within 20 years, 49 subjects between 20-25 years, 25 subjects between 25-30 years, 10 subjects between 30-35 years. Study observed that Antenatal corticosteroids group had lower incidence of Respiratory distress syndrome compared to No Antenatal corticosteroids group (12.07% versus 23.28%). Antenatal corticosteroids group had lower incidence of severe Respiratory distress syndrome compared to No Antenatal corticosteroids group (21.3 % versus 33.33%) among those who had Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Antenatal corticosteroids group had fewer admissions to NICU than No Antenatal corticosteroids group (20.69% versus 33.62%). Antenatal corticosteroids group had lower mortality than No Antenatal corticosteroids group (12.07 % versus 22.41%). Antenatal corticosteroids group had 35 % less chances of Respiratory distress syndrome compared to No Antenatal corticosteroids group. In No Antenatal corticosteroids group, subjects who underwent vaginal delivery had 10% less risk compared to those who underwent LSCS for their neonates to have Respiratory distress syndrome. In Antenatal corticosteroids group, subjects who underwent vaginal delivery had 14.29 % less risk compared to those who underwent LSCS for their neonates to have Respiratory distress syndrome. Antenatal corticosteroids group had maternal infection rate comparable to No Antenatal Corticosteroids group. CONCLUSION: Use of antenatal corticosteroids was found to be benecial in pregnant women with Gestational age of 28 completed weeks to less than 37 completed weeks at Government District hospital, Nandyal. Antenatal corticosteroids did not have statistically signicant adverse effects (i.e. increased rate of infection) in mothers.

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