Effect of a standardized grape seed extract on low-density lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation in heavy smokers

Intervention with fruit extracts may lower glucose and lipid levels, as well as blood pressure. We reviewed the efficacy of bilberry and grape seed extracts to affect these outcomes across populations with varying health status, age and ethnicity, across intervention doses and durations, in 24 intervention studies with bilberry and blackcurrant (n = 4) and grape seed extract (n = 20). Bilberry and blackcurrant extract lowered average levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), at least in Chinese subjects, especially in those who were older, who were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and who were participating in longer-term studies. We also found good evidence that across studies and in subjects with hypercholesterolemia, T2DM or metabolic syndrome, intervention with bilberry and blackcurrant extract, and to some extent grape seed extract, significantly lowered total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels after four weeks. Intervention with grape seed extract may reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in subjects with hypertension or metabolic syndrome. Differential responsiveness in cholesterol and blood pressure outcomes between stratified populations could not be explained by age, dose or study duration. In conclusion, bilberry and blackcurrant extract appears effective in lowering HbA1c and total and LDL cholesterol, whereas grape seed extract may lower total and LDL cholesterol, and blood pressure, in specific population groups.

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Evaluaton of hypoglycaemic activity of Aegel marmelos alcoholic seed extract in experimental models of hyperglycemic rats

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research ◽

10.30750/ijpbr.2.4.17 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (04) ◽

pp. 104-109

Author(s):

Smita Rashmi ◽

Kuldeep Sharma ◽

K. K. Jha

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Low Density ◽

Aegle Marmelos

The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of alcoholic seed extract of Aegel marmelos in comparison with glibenclamide in in vivo using alloxan rat model.The diabetic rats were orally given glibenclamide and alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos for 21 days. The effects were studied in vivo. Oral administration of alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos decrease the level of serum glucose, total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides(TG), low density lipoprotein (LDLP), very low density lipoprotein(VLDLP) significantly while increasing HDL-cholesterol. Alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos was also evaluated for oral glucose tolerance(OGTT) characteristics. In conclusion, alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos had potential antidiabetic activity. Further it has been observed that the seed extract have positive effect on liver and kidney parenchyma.

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Development of Cholesterol-Lowering and Detox Formulations Using Bentonite and Herbal Ingredients

Frontiers in Pharmacology ◽

10.3389/fphar.2021.775789 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Rana Turgut ◽

Murat Kartal ◽

Esra Küpeli Akkol ◽

İlker Demirbolat ◽

Hakkı Taştan

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Glutathione Peroxidase ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Grape Seed Extract ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Lowering

Detoxification enzymes involved in human metabolism works to minimize the potential xenobiotic-induced damage constantly. Studies have revealed that toxin accumulation plays an important role in the etiology of cardiovascular disease. This study has been designed to provide evidence of medicinal use of bentonite, turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seed, flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), and psyllium (Plantago ovata L.) as detoxification and cholesterol-lowering agents using a hypercholesterolemic model in mice. The potential hypocholesterolemic effects and detoxification ability of these ingredients were evaluated at the same time: Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, malondialdehyde, plasma total antioxidant activity, nitric acid, leptin levels and glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase and catalase values were measured. It was determined that GBTF group (grape seed extract, bentonite, turmeric, and flaxseed), GBTP group (grape seed extract, bentonite, turmeric, and psyllium), and GBT group (grape seed extract, bentonite, and turmeric) of the tested materials decreased the serum total cholesterol concentration by 64.8, 57.5, and 48.9%, respectively, in mice fed a high cholesterol diet. In addition, it was determined that some detoxification parameters such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase were statistically significantly reversed in GBTF, GBTP, and GBT groups. Flaxseed, psyllium, and bentonite clay did not show significant effects in reducing total cholesterol; however, GBTF, GBTP, and GBT groups interventions had a significant effect in reducing total cholesterol levels. Moreover, it was observed that adding flaxseed or psyllium to the GBT group increased the cholesterol-lowering effect. Therefore, it can be thought that this significant effect is due to the synergistic effect of the raw materials. When the results obtained were evaluated, it was seen that the cholesterol-lowering and detoxification effects of the combinations were higher than from the effect of natural material used alone. As a result, combinations of some of these ingredients have a positive effect on reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

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3.P.163 Peroxidized low-density lipoprotein estimated in plasma of young heavy smokers

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/s0021-9150(97)89235-0 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 134 (1-2) ◽

pp. 232

Author(s):

Takemichi Kanazawa ◽

Tomohiro Osanai ◽

Takaatsu Kamada ◽

Hirobumi Metoki ◽

Ken Okumura

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Heavy Smokers

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Interactive effects of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) seed extract supplementation and dietary metabolisable energy levels on the growth performance, total tract digestibility, blood profiles, and excreta gas emission in broiler chickens

Animal Production Science ◽

10.1071/an14834 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 56 (10) ◽

pp. 1677 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J. H. Park ◽

I. H. Kim

Keyword(s):

Energy Levels ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Gas Emission ◽

Ammonia Gas ◽

Metabolisable Energy

The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fenugreek seed extract (FSE) supplementation of broiler diets containing two levels of metabolisable energy (ME) on the growth performance, nutrient retention, blood profile, and excreta gas emission. A total of 816, day-old broilers (Ross 308) were allotted to four treatments, with 12 replications and 17 broilers per replication for 28 days. Experimental treatments consisted of a 2 × 2 factorial design with two dietary energy levels [high ME or low ME (high ME – 100 kcal less], and two levels of supplemental FSE (0% or 0.1%). The results showed that broilers fed with high ME or 0.1% FSE diet during 1–14 days showed improvement in bodyweight gain, compared with low ME or no FSE treatment, respectively (P < 0.05). Total tract digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen of broilers fed with 0.1% FSE were observed to be higher than that with no FSE treatments (P < 0.05). The interaction between ME level and FSE supplementation for total- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was indicated by a significant decrease in total- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol when FSE was added in a higher ME diet (P ≤ 0.05). Excreta ammonia gas emission in low ME or 0.1% FSE treatment was found to be lower than in high ME or no FSE treatments, respectively (P < 0.05). These results show that adding FSE at a level of 0.1% in diet can improve the early weight gain, total tract digestibility, and decrease excreta ammonia gas emission of broilers. In addition, reduction in total- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol was observed to be more effective by the supplementation of 0.1% FSE in high ME groups.

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Peroxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein with Four Kinds of Hydroperoxidized Cholesteryl Linoleate Estimated in Plasma of Young Heavy Smokers

Pathobiology ◽

10.1159/000164024 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 115-122 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Takemichi Kanazawa ◽

Tomohiro Osanai ◽

Xue Ze Yin ◽

He Zhi Yi ◽

Kogo Onodera ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Low Density ◽

Cholesteryl Linoleate ◽

Heavy Smokers

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Biomarkers of Metabolic Syndrome in Male Cigarette Smokers in Calabar

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.18.95000 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽

pp. 20s-20s ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

U. Akpan

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

The Other ◽

Low Density ◽

Cigarette Smokers ◽

Heavy Smokers ◽

Apparently Healthy

Background: There is an increasing but controversial evidence that smoking is associated with metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome has recently attracted much attention due to increasing knowledge of its relationship with cardiovascular mortality and morbidity and other associated problems. Aim: This study assessed the biomarkers and frequency of metabolic syndrome as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO), International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) and the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) in adult male smokers. Methods: One hundred and forty one (141) apparently healthy male cigarette smokers and sixty (60) apparently healthy nonsmokers aged 18 to 45 years were recruited for the study. The smokers were subdivided into light (< 8 pack years), moderate (8-30 pack years) and heavy (> 30 pack years) smokers. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference, waist-hip ratio, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) were estimated using colorimetric test methods while low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C) were calculated using the Friedewald's equation. Serum insulin was estimated using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Insulin resistance was calculated using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Data were analyzed using Student's t-test and analysis of variance; P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The smokers had significantly higher diastolic BP ( P = 0.0001), TC ( P = 0.008) and LDL-C ( P = 0.0001) and significantly lower HDL-C ( P = 0.0001) compared with the controls. There were no significant differences in the other parameters. Fasting blood sugar was significantly higher in the light smokers ( P = 0.001) than in the moderate and heavy smokers whereas, serum TC and LDL-C levels were significantly higher in heavy smokers ( P = 0.001) than in the light and moderate smokers. There were no significant variations in the other parameters among the groups. The percentage of smokers with metabolic syndrome was significantly higher than nonsmokers using the IDF ( P = 0.022) and NCEP-ATP III ( P = 0.032) criteria with dyslipidaemia being the most prevalent metabolic abnormality. Conclusion: The unfavorable changes in the lipid profile and blood pressure observed in this study may predispose smokers to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease and there is a higher frequency of metabolic syndrome among smokers in Calabar compared with the nonsmokers.

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Evaluaton of hypoglycaemic activity of Aegel marmelos alcoholic seed extract in experimental models of hyperglycemic rats

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Research ◽

10.30750/ijpbr.2.4.18 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Smita Rashmi ◽

Kuldeep Sharma ◽

K K Jha

Keyword(s):

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Antidiabetic Activity ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Low Density ◽

Aegle Marmelos

The present study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effect of alcoholic seed extract of Aegel marmelos in comparison with glibenclamide in in vivo using alloxan rat model.The diabetic rats were orally given glibenclamide and alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos for 21 days. The effects were studied in vivo. Oral administration of alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos decrease the level of serum glucose, total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides(TG), low density lipoprotein (LDLP), very low density lipoprotein(VLDLP) significantly while increasing HDL-cholesterol. Alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos was also evaluated for oral glucose tolerance(OGTT) characteristics. In conclusion, alcoholic seed extract of Aegle marmelos had potential antidiabetic activity. Further it has been observed that the seed extract have positive effect on liver and kidney parenchyma.

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The effect of red grape seed extract on serum paraoxonase activity in patients with mild to moderate hyperlipidemia

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/1516-3180.2015.01702312 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 134 (3) ◽

pp. 234-239 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hassan Argani ◽

Amir Ghorbanihaghjo ◽

Hamid Vatankhahan ◽

Nadereh Rashtchizadeh ◽

Sina Raeisi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Grape Seed Extract ◽

Grape Seed ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Double Blind ◽

Red Grape ◽

Apo Ai

ABSTRACT: CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Red grape seed extract (RGSE) contains oligomeric proanthocyanidin complexes as a class of flavonoids. These compounds are potent antioxidants and exert many health-promoting effects. This study aimed to determine the effects of RGSE on serum levels of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein AI (apo-AI) levels and paraoxonase (PON) activity in patients with mild to moderate hyperlipidemia (MMH). DESIGN AND SETTINGS: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted at Shahid-Modarres Hospital (Tehran, Iran) and Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Seventy MMH patients were randomly assigned to receive treatment (200 mg/day of RGSE) or placebo for eight weeks. RESULTS: Significant elevation in serum levels of apo-AI (P = 0.001), HDL-C (P = 0.001) and PON activity (P = 0.001) and marked decreases in concentrations of TC (P = 0.015), TG (P = 0.011) and LDL-C (P = 0.014) were found in the cases. PON activity was significantly correlated with apo-AI (r = 0.270; P < 0.01) and HDL-C (r = 0.45; P < 0.001). Significant differences between the RGSE and control groups (before and after treatment) for TC (P = 0.001), TG (P = 0.001), PON (P = 0.03), apo-AI (P = 0.001) and LDL-C (P = 0.002) were seen. CONCLUSION: It is possible that RGSE increases PON activity mostly through increasing HDL-C and apo-AI levels in MMH patients. It may thus have potential beneficial effects in preventing oxidative stress and atherosclerosis in these patients.

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