scholarly journals Efficacy of Bilberry and Grape Seed Extract Supplement Interventions to Improve Glucose and Cholesterol Metabolism and Blood Pressure in Different Populations—A Systematic Review of the Literature

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1692
Author(s):  
Teresa Grohmann ◽  
Caroline Litts ◽  
Graham Horgan ◽  
Xuguang Zhang ◽  
Nigel Hoggard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Seed Extract

Intervention with fruit extracts may lower glucose and lipid levels, as well as blood pressure. We reviewed the efficacy of bilberry and grape seed extracts to affect these outcomes across populations with varying health status, age and ethnicity, across intervention doses and durations, in 24 intervention studies with bilberry and blackcurrant (n = 4) and grape seed extract (n = 20). Bilberry and blackcurrant extract lowered average levels of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), at least in Chinese subjects, especially in those who were older, who were diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and who were participating in longer-term studies. We also found good evidence that across studies and in subjects with hypercholesterolemia, T2DM or metabolic syndrome, intervention with bilberry and blackcurrant extract, and to some extent grape seed extract, significantly lowered total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels after four weeks. Intervention with grape seed extract may reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in subjects with hypertension or metabolic syndrome. Differential responsiveness in cholesterol and blood pressure outcomes between stratified populations could not be explained by age, dose or study duration. In conclusion, bilberry and blackcurrant extract appears effective in lowering HbA1c and total and LDL cholesterol, whereas grape seed extract may lower total and LDL cholesterol, and blood pressure, in specific population groups.

Effect of grape seed extract on blood pressure in subjects with the metabolic syndrome

Metabolism ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 1743-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brahmesh Sivaprakasapillai ◽  
Indika Edirisinghe ◽  
Jody Randolph ◽  
Francene Steinberg ◽  
Tissa Kappagoda
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Red Grape Seed Extract Improves Lipid Profiles and Decreases Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein in Patients with Mild Hyperlipidemia

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed-Mostafa Razavi ◽  
Sharareh Gholamin ◽  
Ali Eskandari ◽  
Nakta Mohsenian ◽  
Amir Ghorbanihaghjo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Red Grape

Effect of a standardized grape seed extract on low-density lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation in heavy smokers

Metabolism ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 1250-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni B Vigna ◽  
Fabrizio Costantini ◽  
Giancarlo Aldini ◽  
Marina Carini ◽  
Alberico Catapano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and development of prehypertension

2018 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
В.В. Шерстнев ◽  
М.А. Грудень ◽  
В.П. Карлина ◽  
В.М. Рыжов ◽  
А.В. Кузнецова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Optimal Blood Pressure

Цель - исследование взаимосвязи факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний и развития предгипертонии. Методика. Проведен сравнительный и корреляционный анализы показателей модифицируемых и немодифицируемых факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний у обследованных лиц в возрасте 30-60 лет с «оптимальным» артериальным давлением, (n = 63, АД <120/80 мм рт.ст.) и лиц с предгипертонией (n = 52, АД = 120-139/80-89 мм рт.ст.). Результаты. Показано, что лица с предгипертонией по сравнению с группой лиц, имеющих «оптимальное» артериальное давление характеризуются статистически значимо повышенным содержанием холестерина и холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности, интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности, а также значимыми сочетаниями факторов риска: повышенный уровень холестерина липопротеидов низкой плотности с интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности; повышенное содержание креатинина с уровнем триглициридов; наследственная отягощенность по заболеваниям почек и интеллектуальным характером трудовой деятельности; наследственная отягощенность по сахарному диабету и гипертрофия левого желудочка сердца. У лиц с предгипертонией документированы перестройки структуры взаимосвязи (количество, направленность и сила корреляций) между показателями факторов риска в сравнении с лицами, имеющими «оптимальное» артериальное давление. Заключение. Выявленные особенности взаимосвязей факторов риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний при предгипертонии рассматриваются как проявление начальной стадии дизрегуляционной патологии и нарушения регуляции физиологических систем поддержания оптимального уровня артериального давления. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between risk factors for cardiovascular disease and development of prehypertension. Methods. Comparative and correlation analyses of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease were performed in subjects aged 30-60 with «optimal» blood pressure (n = 63, BP <120/80 mm Hg) and prehypertension (n = 52, BP = 120-139 / 80-89 mm Hg). Results. The group with prehypertension compared with the «optimal» blood pressure group had significantly increased serum levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, sedentary/intellectual type of occupation, and significant combinations of risk factors. The risk factor combinations included an increased level of LDL cholesterol and a sedentary/intellectual occupation; increased serum levels of creatinine and triglycerides; hereditary burden of kidney disease and a sedentary/intellectual occupation; hereditary burden of diabetes mellitus and cardiac left ventricular hypotrophy. In subjects with prehypertension compared to subjects with «optimal» blood pressure, changes in correlations (correlation number, direction, and strength) between parameters of risk factors were documented. Conclusion. The features of interrelationships between risk factors for cardiovascular disease observed in prehypertension are considered a manifestation of early dysregulation pathology and disordered regulation of physiological systems, which maintain optimal blood pressure.

scholarly journals The role of postprandial very-low-density lipoprotein in the development of atrial remodeling in metabolic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiang-Chun Lee ◽  
Shyi-Jang Shin ◽  
Jih-Kai Huang ◽  
Ming-Yen Lin ◽  
Yu-Hsun Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Atrial Remodeling ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Hip Circumference

Abstract Background Negatively charged very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-χ) in metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients exerts cytotoxic effects on endothelial cells and atrial myocytes. Atrial cardiomyopathy, manifested by atrial remodeling with a dilated diameter, contributes to atrial fibrillation pathogenesis and predicts atrial fibrillation development. The correlation of VLDL-χ with atrial remodeling is unknown. This study investigated the association between VLDL-χ and remodeling of left atrium. Methods Consecutively, 87 MetS and 80 non-MetS individuals between 23 and 74 years old (50.6% men) without overt cardiovascular diseases were included in the prospective cohort study. Blood samples were collected while fasting and postprandially (at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 h after a unified meal). VLDL was isolated by ultracentrifugation; the percentile concentration of VLDL-χ (%) was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. The correlations of left atrium diameter (LAD) with variables including VLDL-χ, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglycerides, glucose, and blood pressure, were analyzed by multiple linear regression models. A hierarchical linear model was conducted to test the independencies of each variable’s correlation with LAD. Results The mean LAD was 3.4 ± 0.5 cm in non-MetS subjects and 3.9 ± 0.5 cm in MetS patients (P < 0.01). None of the fasting lipid profiles were associated with LAD. VLDL-χ, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, and blood pressure were positively correlated with LAD (all P < 0.05) after adjustment for age and sex. Significant interactions between VLDL-χ and blood pressure, waist circumference, and hip circumference were observed. When adjusted for obesity- and blood pressure-related variables, 2-h postprandial VLDL-χ (mean 1.30 ± 0.61%) showed a positive correlation with LAD in MetS patients. Each 1% VLDL-χ increase was estimated to increase LAD by 0.23 cm. Conclusions Postprandial VLDL-χ is associated with atrial remodeling particularly in the MetS group. VLDL-χ is a novel biomarker and may be a therapeutic target for atrial cardiomyopathy in MetS patients. Trial registration ISRCTN 69295295. Retrospectively registered 9 June 2020.

scholarly journals Effect of polyphenol-rich grape seed extract on ambulatory blood pressure in subjects with pre- and stage I hypertension

2013 ◽  
Vol 110 (12) ◽  
pp. 2234-2241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rouyanne T. Ras ◽  
Peter L. Zock ◽  
Yvonne E. M. P. Zebregs ◽  
Neil R. Johnston ◽  
David J. Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dietary Polyphenols

Dietary polyphenols, such as those from grape products, may exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular health, including anti-hypertensive effects. We investigated the effect of a specific grape seed extract (GSE) rich in low-molecular-weight polyphenolic compounds on ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) in untreated subjects with pre- and stage I hypertension. In addition, potential mechanisms that could underlie the hypothesised effect of GSE on blood pressure (BP), and platelet aggregation, were explored. The study was designed as a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, parallel-group intervention study including seventy healthy subjects with systolic BP between 120 and 159 mmHg. A 1-week run-in period was followed by an 8-week intervention period, during which subjects consumed capsules containing either 300 mg/d of GSE or a placebo (microcrystalline cellulose). Before and after the intervention, daytime ABP readings, 24 h urine samples and fasting and non-fasting blood samples were taken. The mean baseline systolic BP was 135·8 (se 1·3) mmHg and diastolic BP was 81·5 (se 0·9) mmHg. BP values were modestly, but not significantly, affected by the polyphenol-rich GSE treatment v. placebo with an effect of − 3·0 mmHg for systolic BP (95 % CI − 6·5, 0·5) and − 1·4 mmHg for diastolic BP (95 % CI − 3·5, 0·6). Vasoactive markers including endothelin-1, NO metabolites and asymmetric dimethylarginine, plasma renin activity and platelet aggregation were not affected by the GSE intervention. Our findings show that consumption of polyphenol-rich GSE does not significantly lower ABP in untreated subjects with pre- and stage I hypertension.

scholarly journals Association between obstructive sleep apnea and metabolic syndrome: a meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Lei Kong ◽  
Zheng Qin ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ying Pan ◽  
Jian Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Purpose: Evidence suggests that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is related to metabolic syndrome; however, the relationship among metabolic syndrome parameters (blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), high density lipoprotein (HDL) and low density lipoprotein (LDL)) and OSA is unclear. Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed for this study. Medline, Cochrane, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases were searched until December 23, 2015, using following terms: obstructive sleep apnea, sleep apnea, OSA and metabolic syndrome. Results: Ten studies were included in the analysis which included 2053 patients. Patients with OSA had higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) (pooled standard mean difference (SMD) = 0.56, 95% CI, 0.40 to 0.71, P

scholarly journals Diet-Induced Rabbit Models for the Study of Metabolic Syndrome

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson M. Lozano ◽  
Oscar J. Arias-Mutis ◽  
Conrado J. Calvo ◽  
Francisco J. Chorro ◽  
Manuel Zarzoso
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Hypertension Diagnosis ◽  
Transgenic Strains

Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have become a growing problem for public health and clinical practice, given their increased prevalence due to the rise of sedentary lifestyles and excessive caloric intake from processed food rich in fat and sugar. There are several definitions of MetS, but most of them describe it as a cluster of cardiovascular and metabolic alterations such as abdominal obesity, reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, glucose intolerance, and hypertension. Diagnosis requires three out of these five criteria to be present. Despite the increasing prevalence of MetS, the understanding of its pathophysiology and relationship with disease is still limited. Indeed, the pathological consequences of MetS components have been reported individually, but investigations that have studied the effect of the combination of MeS components on organ pathological remodeling are almost nonexistent. On the other hand, animal models are a powerful tool in understanding the mechanisms that underlie pathological processes such as MetS. In the first part of the review, we will briefly overview the advantages, disadvantages and pathological manifestations of MetS in porcine, canine, rodent, and rabbit diet-induced experimental models. Then, we will focus on the different dietary regimes that have been used in rabbits to induce MetS by means of high-fat, cholesterol, sucrose or fructose-enriched diets and their effects on physiological systems and organ remodeling. Finally, we will discuss the use of dietary regimes in different transgenic strains and special rabbit breeds.

Metabolic syndrome and diabetes

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-58
Author(s):  
Christoph H. Saely
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Multifactorial Approach

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) and even more so diabetes confer a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease. A multifactorial approach is required to improve the prognosis of patients with the MetS or diabetes. Glucose control is essential to reduce microvascular diabetes complications and, over long periods of time, may also lower the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. As in other patient populations, lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and treating arterial hypertension are paramount interventions to reduce cardiovascular event risk in patients with the MetS and diabetes. Most patients with diabetes must be considered at a very high risk of cardiovascular events, which qualifies them for low LDL cholesterol targets. An-tiplatelet therapy is recommended for patients with the MetS or diabetes who already have established cardiovascular disease. Because the MetS or diabetes confers an extremely high risk of cardiovascular events once cardiovascular disease is established, it is extremely important to intervene early to prevent these patients from developing cardiovascular disease.

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