Resting metabolic rate in healthy adults: Relation to growth hormone status and leptin levels

Metabolism ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens O.L. Jørgensen ◽  
Nina Vahl ◽  
Rolf Dall ◽  
Jens S. Christiansen
2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (5) ◽  
pp. E740-E744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Monroe ◽  
Douglas R. Seals ◽  
Linda F. Shapiro ◽  
Christopher Bell ◽  
David Johnson ◽  
...  

The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays an important role in the regulation of energy expenditure. However, whether tonic SNS activity contributes to resting metabolic rate (RMR) in healthy adult humans is controversial, with the majority of studies showing no effect. We hypothesized that an intravenous propranolol infusion designed to achieve complete β-adrenergic blockade would result in a significant acute decrease in RMR in healthy adults. RMR (ventilated hood, indirect calorimetry) was measured in 29 healthy adults (15 males, 14 females) before and during complete β-adrenergic blockade documented by plasma propranolol concentrations ≥100 ng/ml, lack of heart rate response to isoproterenol, and a plateau in RMR with increased doses of propranolol. Propranolol infusion evoked an acute decrease in RMR (−71 ± 11 kcal/day; −5 ± 0.7%, P < 0.0001), whereas RMR was unchanged from baseline levels during a saline control infusion ( P > 0.05). The response to propranolol differed from the response to saline control ( P < 0.01). The absolute and percent decreases in RMR with propranolol were modestly related to baseline plasma concentration of norepinephrine ( r = 0.38, P = 0.05; r= 0.44, P = 0.02, respectively). These findings provide direct evidence for the concept of tonic sympathetic β-adrenergic support of RMR in healthy nonobese adults.


Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Novitskaya ◽  
Alice Ryan

Chronic stroke patients may have lower resting metabolic rate (RMR) due to disability and ensuing loss of skeletal muscle. Established equations used to estimate RMR based on weight, height, age, or lean body mass in healthy non-stroke individuals may not be accurate for a hemiparetic patient population. The purpose of this study is to determine resting metabolic rate in chronic stroke survivors and compare to RMR calculated with established equations in healthy adults. Adults (n=71; 56 males, 15 females; 40 African American, 27 Caucasian, 4 other / not reported) aged 44-76 years (61 ± 7.5 yrs) who had a history of chronic stroke (> 3 months prior) underwent a 30 minute test after a 12-hour fast to measure RMR by indirect calorimetry, total body DXA scan, and treadmill test (VO2 peak). Estimated RMR was calculated using nine established equations. RMR measured in the total group (1552 ± 319 kcal/day) was significantly different from all nine estimated RMR values (Katch-McArdle 1664 ± 242 kcal/day, P=0.05; Livingston 1671 ± 239 kcal/day, P<0.001; Mifflin 1703 ± 254 kcal/day, P<0.001; Owen 1761 ± 269 kcal/day, P<0.001; Harris Benedict 1782 ± 308 kcal/day, P<0.001; revised Harris-Benedict 1795 ± 306 kcal/day, P<0.001; Cunningham 1818 ± 247 kcal/day, P<0.001; Schofield 2147 ± 301 kcal/day, P<0.001; IMNA 2428 ± 405 kcal/day, P<0.001). Calculated RMR was between 9% and 60% greater than measured RMR, regardless of race. Appendicular lean mass (r=0.65, P<0.001), total lean mass (r=0.65, P<0.001), and VO2 peak (r=0.50, P<0.001) were associated with measured RMR. RMR estimation equations established in healthy adults are not reliable for the chronic stroke population, indicating the need for a more accurate predictive equation to better assist nutritional status in patients with conditions of muscle atrophy.


1995 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvonne EM Snel ◽  
Manorath E Doerga ◽  
Robert-Jan M Brummer ◽  
Pierre MJ Zelissen ◽  
Maria L Zonderland ◽  
...  

Snel YEM, Doerga ME, Brummer R-JM, Zelissen PMJ, Zonderland ML, Koppeschaar HPF. Resting metabolic rate, body composition and related hormonal parameters in growth hormone-deficient adults before and after growth hormone replacement therapy. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:445–50. ISSN 0804–4643 The resting metabolic rate (RMR), and body composition were assessed in 30 growth hormone-deficient (GHD) adults before and after 3 and 6 months of replacement therapy with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). In addition, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and plasma insulin were measured at baseline and at 6 months in relation to RMR. During 6 months of rhGH replacement therapy, body fat decreased from 18.2 ± 1.5 (mean±sem) to 14.3 ± 1.6 kg (p < 0.0001), whereas fat-free mass (FFM) increased from 53.5 ± 3.3 to 56.3 ± 3.6 kg (p < 0.0001), RMR increased from 1246 ± 92 to 1539 ± 102 kcal/24 h (p < 0.0001) and RMR per kilogram of FFM increased from 23.2 ± 0.6 to 27.4 ± 0.5 (p < 0.0001). When RMR data were adjusted for the differences in FFM, it appeared that apart from the increase in FFM, other factors may play a role in the increase in RMR. During rhGH replacement therapy, IGF-I (p < 0.0001) and IGFBP-3 (p = 0.003) levels increased, whereas IGFBP-1 levels decreased significantly (p = 0.004). The FFM explained for about 80% of the variance in RMR. In addition, waist/hip ratio and plasma IGF-I contributed significantly to the explained variance of RMR. This study shows that in GHD adults FFM is the main determinant of RMR and that, next to the increase in FFM, changes in metabolic and hormonal parameters contribute to the increase in RMR during rhGH replacement therapy. HPF Koppeschaar, Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands


Author(s):  
Habib Yarizadeh ◽  
Leila Setayesh ◽  
Caroline Roberts ◽  
Mir Saeed Yekaninejad ◽  
Khadijeh Mirzaei

Abstract. Objectives: Obesity plays an important role in the development of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. A low resting metabolic rate (RMR) for a given body size and composition is a risk factor for obesity, however, there is limited evidence available regarding the association of nutrient patterns and RMR. The aim of this study was to determine the association of nutrient patterns and RMR in overweight and obese women. Study design: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 women who were overweight or obese. Method: Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative standard food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient patterns were also extracted by principal components analysis (PCA). All participants were evaluated for their body composition, RMR, and blood parameters. Result: Three nutrient patterns explaining 64% of the variance in dietary nutrients consumption were identified as B-complex-mineral, antioxidant, and unsaturated fatty acid and vitamin E (USFA-vit E) respectively. Participants were categorized into two groups based on the nutrient patterns. High scores of USFA-vit E pattern was significantly associated with the increase of RMR (β = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.79 to 68.16, p = 0.04). No significant associations were found among B-complex-mineral pattern (β = −0.00, 95% CI = −49.67 to 46.03, p = 0.94) and antioxidant pattern (β = 0.03, 95% CI −41.42 to 22.59, p = 0.56) with RMR. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the “USFA-vit E” pattern (such as PUFA, oleic, linoleic, vit.E, α-tocopherol and EPA) was associated with increased RMR.


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