scholarly journals Direct evidence for tonic sympathetic support of resting metabolic rate in healthy adult humans

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (5) ◽  
pp. E740-E744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Beth Monroe ◽  
Douglas R. Seals ◽  
Linda F. Shapiro ◽  
Christopher Bell ◽  
David Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Heart Rate Response ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Adult Humans ◽  
Control Infusion

The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) plays an important role in the regulation of energy expenditure. However, whether tonic SNS activity contributes to resting metabolic rate (RMR) in healthy adult humans is controversial, with the majority of studies showing no effect. We hypothesized that an intravenous propranolol infusion designed to achieve complete β-adrenergic blockade would result in a significant acute decrease in RMR in healthy adults. RMR (ventilated hood, indirect calorimetry) was measured in 29 healthy adults (15 males, 14 females) before and during complete β-adrenergic blockade documented by plasma propranolol concentrations ≥100 ng/ml, lack of heart rate response to isoproterenol, and a plateau in RMR with increased doses of propranolol. Propranolol infusion evoked an acute decrease in RMR (−71 ± 11 kcal/day; −5 ± 0.7%, P < 0.0001), whereas RMR was unchanged from baseline levels during a saline control infusion ( P > 0.05). The response to propranolol differed from the response to saline control ( P < 0.01). The absolute and percent decreases in RMR with propranolol were modestly related to baseline plasma concentration of norepinephrine ( r = 0.38, P = 0.05; r= 0.44, P = 0.02, respectively). These findings provide direct evidence for the concept of tonic sympathetic β-adrenergic support of RMR in healthy nonobese adults.

scholarly journals Tonic Sympathetic Support of Metabolic Rate Is Attenuated with Age, Sedentary Lifestyle, and Female Sex in Healthy Adults

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 4440-4444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Bell ◽  
Douglas R. Seals ◽  
Mary Beth Monroe ◽  
Danielle S. Day ◽  
Linda F. Shapiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous System ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Receptor Antagonism ◽  
Adult Humans ◽  
Sympathetic Nervous

We recently demonstrated in young adult humans that the sympathetic nervous system contributes to the control of resting metabolic rate via tonic β-adrenergic receptor stimulation. In the present follow-up study we determined the respective effects of age, habitual exercise status, and sex on this regulatory mechanism. Resting metabolic rate (ventilated hood, indirect calorimetry) was determined in 55 healthy sedentary or endurance exercise-trained adults, aged 18–35 or 60–75 yr (29 men and 26 women), before (baseline) and during the infusion of either a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist (propranolol) or saline (control). Relative to baseline values, during β-adrenergic receptor antagonism resting metabolic rate adjusted for fat-free mass was reduced to a lesser extent in older (mean ± se,− 130 ± 46 kJ/d) compared with young (−297 ± 46) adults, sedentary (−151 ± 50) compared with endurance exercise-trained (−268 ± 46) adults, and women (−105 ± 33) compared with men (−318 ± 50; all P &lt; 0.01). Reductions in resting metabolic rate during β-adrenergic receptor antagonism were positively related to higher baseline resting metabolic rate and plasma catecholamine concentrations and negatively related to adiposity (all P &lt; 0.05). Resting metabolic rate was unchanged in response to saline control in all groups. These results provide experimental support for the hypothesis that aging, sedentary living, and female sex are associated with attenuated sympathetic nervous system support of resting metabolic rate in healthy adult humans.

Resting metabolic rate in healthy adults: Relation to growth hormone status and leptin levels

Metabolism ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1134-1139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens O.L. Jørgensen ◽  
Nina Vahl ◽  
Rolf Dall ◽  
Jens S. Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Hormone Status

Resting Metabolic Rate and Percent Body Fat in Healthy Adult Men and Women

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 490-491
Author(s):  
Jesus Soares ◽  
Carl J. Caspersen ◽  
Robert G. McMurray ◽  
Thomas R. McCurdy
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Adult Men

Abstract P195: Assessing the Validity of Predicting Resting Metabolic Rate in Chronic Stroke Patients

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Novitskaya ◽  
Alice Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Chronic Stroke ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Estimation Equations ◽  
Stroke Population ◽  
History Of ◽  
Total Body

Chronic stroke patients may have lower resting metabolic rate (RMR) due to disability and ensuing loss of skeletal muscle. Established equations used to estimate RMR based on weight, height, age, or lean body mass in healthy non-stroke individuals may not be accurate for a hemiparetic patient population. The purpose of this study is to determine resting metabolic rate in chronic stroke survivors and compare to RMR calculated with established equations in healthy adults. Adults (n=71; 56 males, 15 females; 40 African American, 27 Caucasian, 4 other / not reported) aged 44-76 years (61 ± 7.5 yrs) who had a history of chronic stroke (> 3 months prior) underwent a 30 minute test after a 12-hour fast to measure RMR by indirect calorimetry, total body DXA scan, and treadmill test (VO2 peak). Estimated RMR was calculated using nine established equations. RMR measured in the total group (1552 ± 319 kcal/day) was significantly different from all nine estimated RMR values (Katch-McArdle 1664 ± 242 kcal/day, P=0.05; Livingston 1671 ± 239 kcal/day, P<0.001; Mifflin 1703 ± 254 kcal/day, P<0.001; Owen 1761 ± 269 kcal/day, P<0.001; Harris Benedict 1782 ± 308 kcal/day, P<0.001; revised Harris-Benedict 1795 ± 306 kcal/day, P<0.001; Cunningham 1818 ± 247 kcal/day, P<0.001; Schofield 2147 ± 301 kcal/day, P<0.001; IMNA 2428 ± 405 kcal/day, P<0.001). Calculated RMR was between 9% and 60% greater than measured RMR, regardless of race. Appendicular lean mass (r=0.65, P<0.001), total lean mass (r=0.65, P<0.001), and VO2 peak (r=0.50, P<0.001) were associated with measured RMR. RMR estimation equations established in healthy adults are not reliable for the chronic stroke population, indicating the need for a more accurate predictive equation to better assist nutritional status in patients with conditions of muscle atrophy.

Nutrient pattern of unsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E increase resting metabolic rate of overweight and obese women

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Habib Yarizadeh ◽  
Leila Setayesh ◽  
Caroline Roberts ◽  
Mir Saeed Yekaninejad ◽  
Khadijeh Mirzaei
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Nutrients ◽  
Nutrient Patterns

Abstract. Objectives: Obesity plays an important role in the development of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and diabetes. A low resting metabolic rate (RMR) for a given body size and composition is a risk factor for obesity, however, there is limited evidence available regarding the association of nutrient patterns and RMR. The aim of this study was to determine the association of nutrient patterns and RMR in overweight and obese women. Study design: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 women who were overweight or obese. Method: Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative standard food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient patterns were also extracted by principal components analysis (PCA). All participants were evaluated for their body composition, RMR, and blood parameters. Result: Three nutrient patterns explaining 64% of the variance in dietary nutrients consumption were identified as B-complex-mineral, antioxidant, and unsaturated fatty acid and vitamin E (USFA-vit E) respectively. Participants were categorized into two groups based on the nutrient patterns. High scores of USFA-vit E pattern was significantly associated with the increase of RMR (β = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.79 to 68.16, p = 0.04). No significant associations were found among B-complex-mineral pattern (β = −0.00, 95% CI = −49.67 to 46.03, p = 0.94) and antioxidant pattern (β = 0.03, 95% CI −41.42 to 22.59, p = 0.56) with RMR. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the “USFA-vit E” pattern (such as PUFA, oleic, linoleic, vit.E, α-tocopherol and EPA) was associated with increased RMR.

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