Time Course of the Effects of a High-Fat Diet and Voluntary Exercise on Muscle Enzyme Activity in Long-Evans Rats

Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii affect both humans and animals worldwide. To investigate their seroprevalence and differences in seropositivity between pigs vaccinated and unvaccinated against porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2), as well as differences in muscle enzyme activity between seropositive and seronegative pigs, blood samples were collected from 380 sows. Antibodies against T. gondii and N. caninum were detected by an indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) assay, while the activities of creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were biochemically assessed. Out of the 364 sows finally included in the study, 4.4%, 3.5%, and 0.5% were seropositive to T. gondii, N. caninum, or both. A significantly higher percentage of seropositivity against T. gondii and/or N. caninum in PCV2 unvaccinated pigs compared with vaccinated pigs was observed. Increased serum activities of CK and AST were detected in 71.43% and 100% of only against T. gondii (T+) and 63.64% and 90.91% of only against N. caninum (N+) seropositive sows, respectively, and were significantly higher compared to seronegative animals. T. gondii and N. caninum seropositivity, especially in presumed immunocompromised pigs, and the evidence of muscle damage highlight their importance as a zoonotic pathogen and animal model of human infection, respectively.

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Time course of insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs a high-fat diet

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.1997.272.1.e147 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 272 (1) ◽

pp. E147-E154 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A. P. Rocchini ◽

P. Marker ◽

T. Cervenka

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Glucose Uptake ◽

Dose Response ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Time Course ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Diet Group ◽

Whole Body ◽

High Fat

The current study evaluated both the time course of insulin resistance associated with feeding dogs a high-fat diet and the relationship between the development of insulin resistance and the increase in blood pressure that also occurs. Twelve adult mongrel dogs were chronically instrumented and randomly assigned to either a control diet group (n = 4) or a high-fat diet group (n = 8). Insulin resistance was assessed by a weekly, single-dose (2 mU.kg-1.min-1) euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp on all dogs. Feeding dogs a high-fat diet was associated with a 3.7 +/- 0.5 kg increase in body weight, a 20 +/- 4 mmHg increase in mean blood pressure, a reduction in insulin-mediated glucose uptake [(in mumol-kg-1.min-1) decreasing from 72 +/- 6 before to 49 +/- 7 at 1 wk, 29 +/- 3 at 3 wk, and 30 +/- 2 at 6 wk of the high-fat diet, P < 0.01]. and a reduced insulin-mediated increase in cardiac output. In eight dogs (4 high fat and 4 control), the dose-response relationship of insulin-induced glucose uptake also was studied. The whole body glucose uptake dose-response curve was shifted to the right, and the rate of maximal whole body glucose uptake was significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Finally, we observed a direct relationship between the high-fat diet-induced weekly increase in mean arterial pressure and the degree to which insulin resistance developed. In summary, the current study documents that feeding dogs a high-fat diet causes the rapid development of insulin resistance that is the result of both a reduced sensitivity and a reduced responsiveness to insulin.

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Effects of Green Tea and Black Tea Supplementation on Serum Lipids and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Rats on a High Fat Diet

The Korean Tea Society ◽

10.29225/jkts.2021.27.1.41 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 41-48

Author(s):

Jung-Suk Yun ◽

Mi-Ja Choi

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Green Tea ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Serum Lipids ◽

Black Tea ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽

High Fat

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P5.2 The effect of voluntary exercise and high fat diet on tyrosine hydroxylase phosphorylation in male Sprague–Dawley rats exposed to early life stress

Autonomic Neuroscience ◽

10.1016/j.autneu.2009.05.192 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 149 (1-2) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

L.K. Ong ◽

J. Maniam ◽

P.R. Dunkley ◽

L. Bobrovskaya ◽

M.J. Morris

Keyword(s):

Tyrosine Hydroxylase ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Life Stress ◽

Early Life ◽

Early Life Stress ◽

Voluntary Exercise ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

High Fat ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Tyrosine Hydroxylase Phosphorylation

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The Effects of BADGE and Caffeine on the Time-Course Response of Adiponectin and Lipid Oxidative Enzymes in High Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6J Mice: Correlation with Reduced Adiposity and Steatosis

Experimental Animals ◽

10.1538/expanim.57.461 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 57 (5) ◽

pp. 461-469 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jun-Won YUN ◽

Eui-Seok SHIN ◽

Si-Young CHO ◽

Shin-Hyoung KIM ◽

Chae-Wook KIM ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Time Course ◽

Oxidative Enzymes ◽

High Fat

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Decreased responsiveness to dietary fat in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats lacking CCK-A receptors

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.1999.277.4.r1144 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 277 (4) ◽

pp. R1144-R1151 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Gary J. Schwartz ◽

Andrew Whitney ◽

Chris Skoglund ◽

Thomas W. Castonguay ◽

Timothy H. Moran

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Corn Oil ◽

High Fat ◽

Oletf Rats ◽

Glucose Intake ◽

Long Evans ◽

Fat Feeding ◽

Cck Release ◽

Subsequent Intake

Adult Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rats lack functional cholecystokinin A (CCK-A) receptors, are diabetic, hyperphagic, and obese, and have patterns of ingestion consistent with a satiety deficit secondary to CCK insensitivity. Because dietary fat potently stimulates CCK release, we examined how dietary fat modulates feeding in adult male OLETF rats and their lean [Long-Evans Tokushima (LETO)] controls. High-fat feeding produced sustained overconsumption of high-fat diet (30% corn oil in powdered chow) over a 3-wk period in OLETF but not LETO rats. We then assessed the ability of gastric gavage (5 ml, 1–2 kcal/ml × 15 s) or duodenal preloads (1 kcal/ml, 0.44 ml/min × 10 min) of liquid carbohydrate (glucose), protein (peptone), or fat (Intralipid) to suppress subsequent 30-min 12.5% glucose intake in both strains. In OLETF rats, gastric and duodenal fat preloads were significantly less effective in suppressing subsequent intake than were equicaloric peptone or glucose. These results demonstrate that OLETF rats fail to compensate for fat calories and suggest that their hyperphagia and obesity may stem from a reduced ability to process nutrient-elicited gastrointestinal satiety signals.

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