An efficient alternative method of LEED analysis for structural determinations of surfaces

Vacuum ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 29 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 405-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Clarke
2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas B Suryawanshi ◽  
Kalimoddin I Momin ◽  
Jairaj K Dawle ◽  
Sushil R Mathapati

: Solvent free synthesis of dihydropyrano[3,2-b]chromenediones was formulated via multi-component reactions of kojic acid, dimedone and several substituted aromatic aldehydes catalyzed with BCl3. Reactions progressed efficiently and the corresponding heterocyclic products were obtained in good to high yields within short period. The developed protocol is one of the better and efficient alternative method for synthesis of dihydropyrano[3,2-b]chromenediones. The simple reaction procedure, easy separation of products, radially available catalyst are certain benefits of this reported protocol.


2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Surajo Sulaiman ◽  
◽  
Nor’aini Aris ◽  
Shamsatun Nahar Ahmad ◽  
◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thirupathi Reddy Yerramreddy ◽  
Alexandros Yiannikouris

: An improved and alternative method for the total synthesis of isophytol from citral via using pseudoionone intermediate was developed and described in this manuscript. This alternative commercially viable approach involved six steps and represents an alternative commercially viable over existing published synthetic methods in the literature. This goal was achieved by developing and optimizing an efficient and high yield procedure for the synthesis of a key intermediate i.e., 6,10,14 trimethylpentadectrimethylpentadec-5-en-2-one by reacting 2-methoxypropene with a tertiary alcohol (3,7,11 trimethyldodec-1-ene-3-ol). Isophytol was provided in 58-60% overall yield from citral with >99% purity, evaluated by TLC, GC, and NMR.


2018 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 250-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Greene ◽  
Abdullah Faiz Rahman ◽  
Richard Kline ◽  
Md Saydur Rahman

Author(s):  
Etienne de Harven ◽  
Nina Lampen

Samples of heparinized blood, or bone marrow aspirates, or cell suspensions prepared from biopsied tissues (nodes, spleen, etc. ) are routinely prepared, after Ficoll-Hypaque concentration of the mononuclear leucocytes, for scanning electron microscopy. One drop of the cell suspension is placed in a moist chamber on a poly-l-lysine pretreated plastic coverslip (Mazia et al., J. Cell Biol. 66:198-199, 1975) and fifteen minutes allowed for cell attachment. Fixation, started in 2. 5% glutaraldehyde in culture medium at room temperature for 30 minutes, is continued in the same fixative at 4°C overnight or longer. Ethanol dehydration is immediately followed by drying at the critical point of CO2 or of Freon 13. An efficient alternative method for ethanol dehydrated cells is to dry the cells at low temperature (-75°C) under vacuum (10-2 Torr) for 30 minutes in an Edwards-Pearse freeze-dryer (de Harven et al., SEM/IITRI/1977, 519-524). This is preceded by fast quenching in supercooled ethanol (between -90 and -100°C).


2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Andrey K. Babin ◽  
Andrew R. Dattel ◽  
Margaret F. Klemm

Abstract. Twin-engine propeller aircraft accidents occur due to mechanical reasons as well as human error, such as misidentifying a failed engine. This paper proposes a visual indicator as an alternative method to the dead leg–dead engine procedure to identify a failed engine. In total, 50 pilots without a multi-engine rating were randomly assigned to a traditional (dead leg–dead engine) or an alternative (visual indicator) group. Participants performed three takeoffs in a flight simulator with a simulated engine failure after rotation. Participants in the alternative group identified the failed engine faster than the traditional group. A visual indicator may improve pilot accuracy and performance during engine-out emergencies and is recommended as a possible alternative for twin-engine propeller aircraft.


1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Lingen ◽  
G. Westera ◽  
M. van ◽  
W. Den Hollander ◽  
E. E. Van der Wall ◽  
...  

SummaryThis paper presents an alternative method of demarcating regions of in terest over the myocardium after ad ministration of 123I-heptadecanoic acid to patients with coronary artery disea se. In a matrix of 32 × 32 pixels the elimination rates of the radioactivity, which are not corrected for back ground activity, are visualized per pixel in a functional image. The func tional image showed areas in the myocardium with high values of uncorrected elimination rates. These areas corresponded with the tracer defects on the scintigram. Corrected elimination rates obtained from re gions of interest of functional images were comparable with those of scinti grams. Thus based on functional im ages of uncorrected elimination rates a reliable, objective determination of regions of interest over normal and abnormal myocardium can be made.


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