Staining of human pituitary glands with lead hematoxylin in comparison with other histochemical procedures, including the immunoenzyme technique

1977 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Ryan ◽  
Kalman Kovacs ◽  
Calvin Ezrin
Keyword(s):  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Immunoenzyme Technique

Pituitary Follicular Cells: Their Origin, Possible Function and Fate

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 34-35
Author(s):  
E. Horvath ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
G. Penz ◽  
C. Ezrin
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Junctional Complexes

Follicular structures, in the rat pituitary, composed of cells joined by junctional complexes and possessing few organelles and few, if any, secretory granules, were first described by Farquhar in 1957. Cells of the same description have since been observed in several species including man. The importance of these cells, however, remains obscure. While studying human pituitary glands, we have observed wide variations in the fine structure of follicular cells which may lead to a better understanding of their morphogenesis and significance.

Two Distinct Types of Microfilaments in the Cytoplasm of Human Adenohypophysial Cells

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
E. Horvath ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
I. E. Stratmann ◽  
C. Ezrin
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Tumors ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Severe Diabetes ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Membrane Bound

Surgically removed human pituitary glands as well as pituitary tumors fixed in glutaraldehyde, postfixed in osmium tetroxide, embedded in epon resin, stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate have been investigated by electron microscopy in order to correlate ultrastructure with functional activity. In the course of this study two distinct types of microfilaments have been identified in the cytoplasm of adenohypophysiocytes.Type I microfilaments (Fig. 1) were found in the cytoplasm of anterior lobe cells of five female subjects with disseminated mammary cancer and two patients with severe diabetes mellitus. The breast cancer patients were treated pre-operatively for various periods of time with different doses of oxysteroids. The microfilaments had an average diameter of JO A, formed parallel bundles, were scattered irregularly in the cytoplasm and were frequently located in the perikaryon. They were not membrane-bound and failed to show any periodicity.

THE EXTRACTION OF PROLACTIN FROM HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Apostolakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
List Type ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Hormone Activity ◽  
Isoelectric Precipitation ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Prolactin Content ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT A method for the extraction of prolactin from human pituitary glands is described. It is based on acetone drying, distilled water extraction, acetone and isoelectric precipitation. Two main products are obtained: Fraction R8 with a mean prolactin activity of 12.2 IU/mg and fraction U8 with a mean prolactin activity of 8.6 IU/mg. The former fraction does not contain any significant gonadotrophin activity and the latter contains on an average 50 HMG U/mg. In both cases contamination with ACTH and MSH is minimal. The growth hormone activity of both these fractions is low. It is postulated that in man too, prolactin and growth hormone are two distinct hormones. A total of 1250 human pituitary glands have been processed by this method. The mean prolactin content per pituitary gland has been found to be 73 IU.

INHIBITION BY HUMAN SERUM OF THE ADIPOKINETIC EFFECT OF A HUMAN PITUITARY LIPID-MOBILIZING FACTOR

1972 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olav Trygstad ◽  
Irene Foss
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Inhibitory Protein ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Albumin Fraction ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Normal Human

ABSTRACT A lipid-mobilizing factor (LMF) with an adipotrophic effect in human and animal fat tissue has been prepared from human pituitary glands. The addition of normal human serum to LMF reduced its lipolytic effect, and it was completely abolished by serum from a group of obese patients, whereas the lipolysis was not influenced by serum from patients with generalized lipodystrophy. By DEAE-cellulose chromatography of human serum the inhibitory effect on LMF was found to be present in a protein fraction less acidic than the main serum albumin fraction. The inhibitory fraction was deprived of some contaminants by Sephadex gel filtration. Disc electrophoresis demonstrated the presence of three components in the inhibitory protein (IP), and they were identified as albumin, transferin, and haemopexin by immuno-electrophoresis. Precipitation of these proteins by their rabbit antisera demonstrated that the inhibitory effect was present in the albumin fraction. Insulin like activity was not observed in IP. A protein binding of LMF by IP could not be demonstrated. Incubation at 37°C for one hour of a mixture of LMF and IP eliminated the electrophoretic picture of LMF. It is concluded that the inhibitory effect of human serum may be due to proteolysis of LMF.

The corticotrophic cells of the canine pituitary gland in pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. McNicol ◽  
H. Thomson ◽  
C. J. R. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Human Pituitary Gland ◽  
Single Entity ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Corticotrophic Cells

The distribution of specifically stained corticotrophic cells has been studied in the pituitary glands of 11 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. The results suggest that the disease is not a single entity, and that some cases are caused by primary abnormality of the pituitary gland whereas others appear to be the result of dysfunction of the hypothalamus or central nervous system. The patterns correspond closely to those demonstrated in the human pituitary gland in Cushing's disease, and confirm that the canine disease is a useful model for the study of the pathogenesis of the variants of the condition.

Therapeutic use of gonadotrophins and clomiphene

1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 33-35
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Therapeutic Use ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Synthetic Compound ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Post Menopausal ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The three substances now used to stimulate the gonads in infertility are human follicle stimulating hormone (HFSH) obtained mainly from post-menopausal urine, but also from human pituitary glands, human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) extracted from the urine of pregnant women, and clomiphene (Clomid - Merrell), a synthetic compound which we reviewed in 1967.1

A STUDY OF PROLACTIN-LIKE ACTIVITY IN INDIVIDUAL HUMAN PITUITARY GLANDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICIA M. NICHOLSON
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Human Pituitary ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Human Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Pituitary Prolactin ◽  
Individual Human

SUMMARY Polyacrylamide disc gel electrophoresis of aqueous extracts of individual human anterior pituitary glands failed to identify a protein with lactogenic activity which was characteristic of pregnancy and the post-partum period. Lactogenic activity, determined by a semi-quantitative rabbit mammary gland organ culture assay, was largely associated with the growth hormone fraction. The total prolactin activity of individual anterior pituitary glands was determined by a 'local' intradermal pigeon crop sac method. The glands from pregnant and parturient women did not contain a higher concentration of prolactin than those of men or non-pregnant non-lactating women. These results do not provide any evidence for the existence of a human pituitary prolactin distinct from growth hormone. Reasons for this are discussed.

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