97/00527 Theoretical study of multi-stage flash distillation using solar energy

1997 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Flash Distillation

scholarly journals Feasibility Design of an Optimized Desalinator Assisted Only by Solar Energy. Case: Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Biain
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Flash Distillation ◽  
Parametric Analyses ◽  
Auxiliary Heater

Desalinators are traditionally driven by fossil-fuels but in order to avoid greenhouse emissions, renewable energy must be used. In this paper, a coupling between multi-stage flash distillation apparatus and a parabolic trough solar collector is analyzed. The purpose of this study is to determine the economic feasibility of the system, considering four cities of Saudi Arabia and three different potable water productions. To avoid solar energy intermittency and unavailability at night, thermal storage is implemented. Whereas other researchers made parametric analyses, in this paper, the authors developed a mathematical program which was optimized with the help of GAMS software, where the capital cost of the plant was the objective function. After that, a life cycle cost analysis was carried out for each scenario. Depending on the region and water production, the costs of drinking water vary from 2.26 to 3.93 US$/m3, and from 7440 to 23825 tons of carbon dioxide emissions are avoided. As a consequence of the approach used, low costs are obtained; even though no auxiliary heater is implemented and the lowest irradiance conditions are considered. The results of this study reflect that the proposed process is competitive with respect to the traditional one.

Conditions for economical benefits of the use of solar energy in multi-stage flash distillation

Desalination ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 125 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 133-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes García-Rodríguez ◽  
Carlos Gómez-Camacho
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Flash Distillation

The Paradox of Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Danish Housing

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Rob Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Climate Adaptation ◽  
Mitigation Strategy ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Passive Solar

Climate change means that buildings must greatly reduce their energy consumption. It is however paradoxical that climate mitigation in Denmark has created negative energy and indoor climate problems in housing that may be made worse by climate change. A literature review has been carried out of housing schemes where climate mitigation was sought through reduced space heating demand, and it is shown that extensive problems with overheating exist. A theoretical study of regulative and design strategies for climate mitigation in new build housing has therefore been carried out, and it is shown that reducing space heating with high levels of thermal insulation and passive solar energy results in overheating and a growing demand for cooling. Climate change is expected to reduce space heating and increase cooling demand in housing. An analysis of new build housing using passive solar energy as a climate mitigation strategy has therefore been carried out in relation to future climate change scenarios. It is shown that severe indoor comfort problems can occur, questioning the relevance of passive solar energy as a climate mitigation strategy. In conclusion, a theoretical study of the interplay between climate adaptation and mitigation strategies is carried out, with a cross-disciplinary focus on users, passive design and active technologies. It is shown that the cumulative use of these strategies can create an adaptation buffer, thus eliminating problems with overheating and reducing energy consumption. New build housing should therefore be designed in relation to both current and future climate scenarios to show that the climate mitigation strategies ensure climate adaptation.

Thermal performance of multi-stage flash distillation plants in Saudi Arabia

Desalination ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman A. Hamed ◽  
Mohammad A.K. Al-Sofi ◽  
Monazir Imam ◽  
Ghulam M. Mustafa ◽  
Khalid Ba Mardouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Flash Distillation

scholarly journals Hydrographic parameters and distribution of dissolved Cu, Ni, Zn and nutrients near Jeddah desalination plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad M. Fallatah ◽  
Yasar N. Kavil ◽  
Ahmed S. A. Ibrahim ◽  
Mohammed I. Orif ◽  
Yasser A. Shaban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Desalination Plant ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
Flash Distillation ◽  
Desalination Plants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Concentrations ◽  
Sea Coast

AbstractThe development of safe desalination plants with low environmental impact is as important an issue as the supply of drinking water. The desalination plant in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia, Red Sea coast) produces freshwater from seawater by multi-stage flash distillation (MSFD) and reverse osmosis (RO). The process produces brine as by-product, which is dumped into the sea. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of Jeddah desalination plant on the coastal water in the nearby of the plant. Total concentrations of dissolved Cu, Ni, Zn and nutrients in several locations around the plant were analyzed by cathodic stripping voltammetry. The average levels of dissolved Cu, Ni, and Zn on surface in the sampling locations were 15.02, 11.02, and 68.03 nM respectively, whereas the levels at the seafloor near the discharging point were much higher. Distribution of temperature, salinity, nutrients and dissolved oxygen were quite normal both on surface and in depth.

Analysis and Design of Multistage Torsion Springs

1971 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 656-658
Author(s):  
H. Libman ◽  
S. Shaanan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Angular Displacement ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Torsion Spring ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Torsion Springs

An experimental and theoretical study of a “multi-stage torsion spring” is presented. The spring is designed for high torsion (25 kg-m), considerable angular displacement (±20 deg), space limitations, considerable service life, linearity, and hysteresis restrictions. Theoretical and experimental data are found to be in very close agreement.

Separation of Azeotropic Mixture Using Multi-stage Ultrasound-Assisted Flash Distillation

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha Mahdi ◽  
Arshad Ahmad ◽  
Adnan Ripin ◽  
Mohamed Mahmud Nasef
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Azeotropic Mixture ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Azeotropic Mixtures ◽  
In Series ◽  
Flash Distillation ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Aspen Custom Modeler

Abstract A mathematical model for an ultrasound-assisted vapor liquid equilibrium (VLE) system developed in Aspen Custom Modeler is exported to Aspen Plus flowsheeting environment to form a block in the software library to represent a single stage flash separation unit. The block is then arranged in series to mimic an ultrasonically intensified distillation process. As a case study, an ethanol/ethyl acetate separation process is examined. The results show that a 99 mol% ethyl acetate recovery is established when a series of 27 flash VLE devices are used. The system is also evaluated for other minimum boiling azeotropic mixtures, and consistent results are obtained, thus revealing the potentials of ultrasound-assisted system as an alternative strategy for azeotropic mixture separations.

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