Variability in the growth of Faidherbia albida near Niamey, Niger, Africa: micromorphological aspects of termite activity

Author(s):  
R. Miedema ◽  
J. Brouwer ◽  
S.C. Geiger ◽  
R.J. Vandenbeldt
Keyword(s):  
2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Marwa Mohammed ◽  
Ahmed Ali ◽  
Ezz-eldin Desoky ◽  
Lourin Gobraeil
Keyword(s):  

2018 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 1897-1907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aynalem M. Dilla ◽  
Philip J. Smethurst ◽  
Karen Barry ◽  
David Parsons ◽  
Mekuria A. Denboba

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahamadi Dianda ◽  
François-P. Chalifour

Sahelian soils are recognized for their low N content, but their mineral N concentrations can often be high enough to inhibit N2 fixation in cultivated legumes. However, the quest for symbiotic plant genotypes tolerant of mineral N is poorly documented for nitrogen-fixing trees. The behaviour of N2 fixing symbioses with regard to nitrogen fertilization was observed in different Faidherbia albida (Del) A. Chev. genotypes. Twelve distinct lineages of the species, obtained from four regions of western Africa, were cultivated for 75 days in the presence of 0–6 mol·m–3 N provided as NH4NO3. Plants were separately inoculated with two Bradyrhizobium strains, and cultivated on sandy soil in a nursery. Aerial and root parts lengths and masses, collar diameters, and ratios of height to length (H/P) of taproot, and aerial to root (MA/MR) parts masses increased with increased N level. Plants showed significant growth differences linked with seed origin, and with lineage for a same origin. Genotypical variations were observed for concentrations as well as C and N total uptakes, C/N ratio measured in aerial parts, and N2 fixation. Nodule number and mass were greatly reduced in the presence of 2 mol·m–3 N. The extent of this reduction was dependent, to a lesser degree, on seed origin and Bradyrhizobium strain. Data show that F. albida – Bradyrhizobium symbiosis is highly sensitive to mineral N. It is suggested that selection of symbiotic partners for tolerance to mineral N might greatly improve the agronomic behaviour of F. albida.Key words: Faidherbia albida, lineages, Bradyrhizobium, symbiosis, nodulation, growth, ammonium nitrate.


2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 772-787
Author(s):  
Abdou Dione ◽  
Oumar Sarr ◽  
Saliou Ngom ◽  
Aly Diallo ◽  
Aliou Guisse

L’étude est réalisée dans les parcours communautaires du département de Kaffrine. Cette zone constitue un axe incontournable de transhumance pendant saison sèche des ruminants. Sa végétation ligneuse contribue à l’affouragement du cheptel mais subit d’énormes pressions de diverses sortes. Ce travail a pour objectif principal d’évaluer l’importance des espèces ligneuses dans le bassin arachidier. Une enquête ethnobotanique a été réalisée sur la base d’un questionnaire portant sur les espèces fourragères utiles, leurs princiapaux usages, les modes d’exploitations et les parties utilisées. L’enquête a révélé que 82,14% des espèces ligneuses inventoriées sont considérées comme fourragères. Il s’agit notamment de Adansonia digitata, Cordyla pinnata, Faidherbia albida, Ficus capensis, Ziziphus mauritiana et Sterculia setigera. Ce constat montre l’importance de la richesse spécifique des champs où se trouvent toutes ces espèces. La saison sèche est la période pendant laquelle les ligneux sont plus exploités par les agropasteurs. D’autres enquêtés utilisent ces ligneux fourragers pour l’alimentation humaine, la pharmacopée, l’artisanat, le bois d’oeuvre, le bois de chauffe, etc., ce qui montre une forte pression sur ces ressources. La promotion de la régénération naturelle assistée, la réalisation des cultures fourragères (sensibiliser les paysans sur les bienfaits de ces cultures), des émondages modérés limités par exemple au quart de la couronne des arbres fourragers, pourraient contribuer à atténuer les pressions exercées sur les ligneux les plus appétés.Mots clés : Enquête ethnobotanique, forêt, champs, pression. English Title: Pastoral perceptions of fodder ligneous by agro-pastoralists and transhumants in central Senegal The study is carried out in the community routes of the department of Kaffrine. This zone constitutes an essential axis of transhumance during the dry season of ruminants. Its woody vegetation contributes to the feeding of the livestock but is under enormous pressure of various kinds. The main objective of this work is to assess the importance of woody species in the groundnut basin. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out on the basis of a questionnaire relating to useful fodder species, their main uses, the modes of exploitation and the parts used. The survey revealed that 82.14% of the woody species inventoried are considered as fodder. These include Adansonia digitata, Cordyla pinnata, Faidherbia albida, Ficus capensis, Ziziphus mauritiana and Sterculia setigera. This observation shows the importance of the specific richness of the fields where all these species are found. The dry season is the period during which woody trees are more exploited by agro-pastoralists. Other respondents use these woody fodder for human consumption, pharmacopoeia, handicrafts, lumber, firewood, etc., which shows great pressure on these resources. The promotion of assisted natural regeneration, the production of fodder crops (making farmers aware of the benefits of these crops), moderate prunings limited, for example, to a quarter of the crown of fodder trees, could help to reduce the pressures exerted on woody plants. the most popular.Keywords: Ethnobotanical survey, forest, fields, pressure.


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