Features of 27-day variations of galactic cosmic rays and of solar activity

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.V Alania ◽  
E.S Vernova ◽  
M.I Tyasto ◽  
D.G Baranov
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays

scholarly journals Effects of solar activity and galactic cosmic ray cycles on the modulation of the annual average temperature at two sites in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everton Frigo ◽  
Francesco Antonelli ◽  
Djeniffer S. S. da Silva ◽  
Pedro C. M. Lima ◽  
Igor I. G. Pacca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Annual Average ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Annual Average Temperature

Abstract. Quasi-periodic variations in solar activity and galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) on decadal and bidecadal timescales have been suggested as a climate forcing mechanism for many regions on Earth. One of these regions is southern Brazil, where the lowest values during the last century were observed for the total geomagnetic field intensity at the Earth's surface. These low values are due to the passage of the center of the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly (SAMA), which crosses the Brazilian territory from east to west following a latitude of ∼ 26∘. In areas with low geomagnetic intensity, such as the SAMA, the incidence of GCRs is increased. Consequently, possible climatic effects related to the GCRs tend to be maximized in this region. In this work, we investigate the relationship between the ∼ 11-year and ∼ 22-year cycles that are related to solar activity and GCRs and the annual average temperature recorded between 1936 and 2014 at two weather stations, both located near a latitude of 26∘ S but at different longitudes. The first of these stations (Torres – TOR) is located in the coastal region, and the other (Iraí – IRA) is located in the interior, around 450 km from the Atlantic Ocean. Sunspot data and the solar modulation potential for cosmic rays were used as proxies for the solar activity and the GCRs, respectively. Our investigation of the influence of decadal and bidecadal cycles in temperature data was carried out using the wavelet transform coherence (WTC) spectrum. The results indicate that periodicities of 11 years may have continuously modulated the climate at TOR via a nonlinear mechanism, while at IRA, the effects of this 11-year modulation period were intermittent. Four temperature maxima, separated by around 20 years, were detected in the same years at both weather stations. These temperature maxima are almost coincident with the maxima of the odd solar cycles. Furthermore, these maxima occur after transitions from even to odd solar cycles, that is, after some years of intense GCR flux. The obtained results offer indirect mathematical evidence that solar activity and GCR variations contributed to climatic changes in southern Brazil during the last century. A comparison of the results obtained for the two weather stations indicates that the SAMA also contributes indirectly to these temperature variations. The contribution of other mechanisms also related to solar activity cannot be excluded. Keywords. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (climatology)

The change in the energy spectrum of galactic cosmic rays over the 11-year solar activity cycle

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S927-S929
Author(s):  
Yu. Stozhkov ◽  
T. N. Charakhchyan
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Activity Cycle ◽  
Solar Activity Cycle ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Ray Diffusion

The energy spectrum of galactic cosmic rays has been investigated for various periods of the solar activity. In the framework of commonly used ideas about the mechanism of the 11-year variation according to Parker the dependence of the cosmic-ray diffusion coefficient, D, on the particle rigidity, P, was determined. For the form D ≈ vpα the parameter α is found to change during the cycle of the solar activity.[Formula: see text]

scholarly journals Quasi-periodic changes in the 3D solar anisotropy of Galactic cosmic rays for 1965–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 609 ◽  
pp. A32 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Modzelewska ◽  
M. V. Alania
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Wind ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Solar Cycle ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Ecliptic Plane ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Magnetic Cycle ◽  
The North ◽  
Solar Magnetic Cycle

Aims. We study features of the 3D solar anisotropy of Galactic cosmic rays (GCR) for 1965−2014 (almost five solar cycles, cycles 20−24). We analyze the 27-day variations of the 2D GCR anisotropy in the ecliptic plane and the north-south anisotropy normal to the ecliptic plane. We study the dependence of the 27-day variation of the 3D GCR anisotropy on the solar cycle and solar magnetic cycle. We demonstrate that the 27-day variations of the GCR intensity and anisotropy can be used as an important tool to study solar wind, solar activity, and heliosphere. Methods. We used the components Ar, Aϕ and At of the 3D GCR anisotropy that were found based on hourly data of neutron monitors (NMs) and muon telescopes (MTs) using the harmonic analyses and spectrographic methods. We corrected the 2D diurnal (~24-h) variation of the GCR intensity for the influence of the Earth magnetic field. We derived the north-south component of the GCR anisotropy based on the GG index, which is calculated as the difference in GCR intensities of the Nagoya multidirectional MTs. Results. We show that the behavior of the 27-day variation of the 3D anisotropy verifies a stable long-lived active heliolongitude on the Sun. This illustrates the usefulness of the 27-day variation of the GCR anisotropy as a unique proxy to study solar wind, solar activity, and heliosphere. We distinguish a tendency of the 22-yr changes in amplitude of the 27-day variation of the 2D anisotropy that is connected with the solar magnetic cycle. We demonstrate that the amplitudes of the 27-day variation of the north-south component of the anisotropy vary with the 11-yr solar cycle, but a dependence of the solar magnetic polarity can hardly be recognized. We show that the 27-day recurrences of the GG index and the At component are highly positively correlated, and both are highly correlated with the By component of the heliospheric magnetic field.

The Drugs and Natural Antioxidants as the Components of Anti-radiation Countermeasures during Cosmic Flights

2017 ◽  
pp. 66-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
И. Ушаков ◽  
I. Ushakov ◽  
М. Васин ◽  
M. Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Solar Cosmic Rays ◽  
Post Radiation ◽  
The Impact

Radiation situation for cosmonauts over long-term cosmic flights is caused by low-rate radiation of galactic cosmic rays and solar cosmic rays consisting of high-energy proton as well as heavy particles (Z>10) within 1-2 % that is exclusively a threat of stochastic radiation effects (small increase of cancer risk and decrease of mean life span) for men. During interplanetary expedition periods the small probability of raised solar activity there is a threat of exposure to astronauts at doses that cause deterministic radiation effects leading to the development of the disease as a clinical manifestation of radiation injuries,. In a similar scenario it is necessary to have available to cosmic ship anti-radiation countermeasures for cosmonaut protection. Among radioprotective equipment can be provided with radiation protective agents and partial shielding of body separate section providing the best condition for post-radiation repair of radiosensitive body tissues. Preparation B-190 (indralin) is the most perspective from a small numbers of other radioprotectors permitting for men administration. Besides high radioprotective efficacy and large broadness of protective action B-190 is well tolerated including the impact of extrem flight factors. Antiemetic agent latran (ondansetron) is most interesting among preparation for prophylaxis and reduction of prodromal radiation reaction. To accelerate post-radiation hematopoietic recovery after raised solar activity an administration of radiomitigators (riboxin et al.) is substantiated. Neupomax (neupogen) is recommended as a preparation for pathogenesis therapy of acute radiation syndrome. Possible consequences of long-term cosmic voyages for oxidative stress development are taken into consideration. On their basis of nNatural antioxidants, preparations and nutrients radiomodulators, fully qualitative nutrition including vegetable food enriched flavonoids, vitamins C, E and carotene potentially prevent a shorten of cosmonaut biological age induced by solar cosmic rays and galactic cosmic rays and stress factors of long-term cosmic voyages. Radiomodulators are low and non-toxic and have not side effects in recommended doses. Their radioprotective effect is directly induced by adaption reaction on cellular and organismic levels through gene expression modulation and in that way the increase of non-specific body tolerance. The implementation of radiomodulator action is possible through hormesis mechanism.

On the influence of solar activity and the solar magnetic field on the 27-day variation of galactic cosmic rays

2003 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Vernova ◽  
M.I. Tyasto ◽  
D.G. Baranov ◽  
M.V. Alania ◽  
A. Gil
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Solar Magnetic Field ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays

Galactic cosmic rays and parameters of the interplanetary medium near solar activity minima

2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Bazilevskaya ◽  
M. B. Krainev ◽  
A. K. Svirzhevskaya ◽  
N. S. Svirzhevsky
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Interplanetary Medium ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays

scholarly journals Fe/O ratio behavior as an indicator of solar plasma state at different solar activity manifestations and in periods of their absence

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-58
Author(s):  
Геннадий Минасянц ◽  
Gennady Minasyants ◽  
Тамара Минасянц ◽  
Tamara Minasyants ◽  
Владимир Томозов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Solar Activity ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Ionization Potential ◽  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Geomagnetic Storms ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Ion Fluxes ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
First Ionization Potential

We report the results of the investigation into plasma physical characteristics at various solar activity manifestations and in periods of their absence. These results have been obtained from quantitative estimates of the relative abundance of Fe/O ions in different energy ranges. Maximum values of the Fe/O ratio is shown to correspond to particle fluxes from impulsive flares for ions with energies <2 MeV/n (the most significant manifestation of the FIP effect). In particle fluxes from gradual flares, the Fe/O value decreases smoothly with ion energy and is noticeably inferior to values of fluxes in impulsive events. We have established that the properties of flares of solar cosmic rays indicate their belonging to a separate subclass in the total population of gradual events. Relying on variations in the abundance of Fe/O ions, we propose an xplanation of the solar plasma behavior during the development of flares of both classes. Magnetic clouds (a separate type of coronal mass ejections (CME)), which have regions of turbulent compression and are sources of strong geomagnetic storms, exhibit a relative composition of Fe ions comparable to the abundance of Fe in ion fluxes from gradual flares. We have found out that the Fe/O value can be used to detect penetration of energetic flare plasma into the CME body at the initial phase of their joint development and to estimate its relative contribution. During solar minimum with complete absence of sunspots, the Fe/O ratio during periods of “quiet” solar wind show absolutely low values of Fe/O=0.004–0.010 in the energy range from 2–5 to 30 MeV/n. This is associated with the manifestation of the cosmic ray anomalous component, which causes an increase in the intensity of ion fluxes with a high first ionization potential, including oxygen (O), and elements with a low first ionization potential (Fe) demonstrate weakening of the fluxes. As for particles with higher energies (Ek>30 MeV/n), the Fe/O increase is due to the decisive influence of galactic cosmic rays on the composition of impurity elements in the solar wind under solar minimum conditions. The relative content of heavy elements in galactic cosmic rays 30–500 MeV/n is similar to values in fluxes from gradual flares during high solar activity. During solar minimum without sunspots, the behavior of Fe/O for different ion energy ranges in plasma flows from coronal holes (CH) and in the solar wind exhibits only minor deviations. At the same time, plasma flows associated with the disturbed frontal CH region can be sources of moderate geomagnetic storms.

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