The impact of broadcast burning and fire severity on species composition and abundance of surface vegetation in a jack pine (Pinus banksiana) clear-cut

1997 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Whittle ◽  
L.C. Duchesne ◽  
T. Needham
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Surface Vegetation

Short-term effects of cut-to-length versus full-tree harvesting on conifer regeneration in jack pine, mixedwood, and black spruce forests in Manitoba

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1938-1945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isobel Waters ◽  
Steven W Kembel ◽  
Jean-François Gingras ◽  
Jennifer M Shay
Keyword(s):  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Understorey Vegetation ◽  
Advance Regeneration ◽  
The Impact

This study compares the effects of full-tree versus cut-to-length forest harvesting methods on tree regeneration in jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), mixedwood (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss – Populus tremuloides Michx. – Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.), and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP) sites in southeastern Manitoba, Canada. We surveyed tree regeneration densities, disturbance characteristics, and understorey vegetation in replicated control and harvested plots in each site type preharvest (1993) and 1 and 3 years postharvest (1994, 1996). In jack pine sites, the full-tree harvest method promoted regeneration of Pinus banksiana through increased disturbance of soil and the moss layer, and decreased slash deposition relative to the cut-to-length method. Conversely, in mixedwood sites the cut-to-length method resulted in less damage to advance regeneration and proved better at promoting postharvest regeneration of Abies balsamea and Picea glauca relative to the full-tree method. In black spruce sites, there were few differences in the impact of the two harvesting methods on regeneration of Picea mariana, which increased in frequency and density after both types of harvesting.

Effects of fire severity on early survival and growth of planted jack pine, black spruce and white spruce

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Geoff Wang ◽  
Kevin J Kemball
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Picea Mariana ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Early Survival

Two boreal mixedwood stands burned by the 1999 Black River wildfire in southeastern Manitoba, Canada were selected to study the effect of fire severity on early survival and growth of planted jack pine (Pinus banksiana), black spruce (Picea mariana) and white spruce (Picea glauca) seedlings. In each stand, three fire severity classes (scorched, lightly burned, and severely burned) were identified based on the degree of forest floor consumption. Fire severity was not a significant factor on mortality. No mortality difference was found among species, except for year 5 when jack pine had significantly higher mortality than both black spruce and white spruce. Jack pine and black spruce had their highest mortality in year 4, while white spruce had its highest mortality in year 1. Under natural competition, seedling growth increased with increasing fire severity. When competition was removed, fire severity did not affect seedling growth. Regardless of fire severity and competition, jack pine had better diameter and height growth than black spruce, which, in turn, grew slightly taller than white spruce. Planted seedlings faced less intense vegetation competition on severely burned plots compared to scorched or lightly burned plots. Regardless of fire severity and species, competition increased with time since planting. Our study results indicate that planting immediately after a wildfire is a viable option to establish conifer components on burned boreal mixedwood stands. Key words: fire severity, plantation, regeneration, Pinus banksiana, Picea mariana, Picea glauca

scholarly journals The impact of early precommercial thinning of dense jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) stands on the mortality of thinned stems

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (03) ◽  
pp. 371-377
Author(s):  
T.B. Splawinski ◽  
S. Gauthier ◽  
Y. Bergeron ◽  
D.F. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Precommercial Thinning ◽  
The Impact

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on young jack pine (Pinus banksiana) and on its suitability as a host for jack pine budworm (Choristoneura pinus pinus) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 1447-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah G. McCullough ◽  
Herbert M. Kulman
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Foliar Nitrogen ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Jack Pine Budworm ◽  
Female Weight

Effects of nitrogen fertilization on growth, foliar nitrogen concentration, and monoterpenes were determined on 7- to 11-year-old jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) on two sites in northwestern Wisconsin. One site established after wildfire; the other after clear-cutting. Jack pine budworm (Choristoneurapinuspinus Free.) larvae were caged on fertilized and unfertilized trees on each site. Relations among foliar nitrogen, monoterpenes, larval survival, and adult budworm weight were examined. Foliar nitrogen concentration, needle weight, shoot and diameter growth, and monoterpene production were lower on wildfire site trees than on clear-cut site trees, and were significantly increased on both sites by fertilization. Fertilization increased production of staminate cones on the wildfire site. Height growth differed between sites but was unaffected by fertilization. Contrary to expectations based on the resource availability theory, foliar nitrogen and monoterpene levels were positively related. Survival of jack pine budworm larvae was greater on clear-cut than on wildfire site trees, but was not significantly affected by fertilization. Larvae on low-nitrogen trees on the wildfire site clipped more foliage than those on the clear-cut site, suggesting compensatory feeding. Adult female weight was higher for larvae on wildfire than clear-cut site trees. Two monoterpene compounds and site-related differences were the best predictors of adult female weight based on regression.

The response of boreal forest songbird communities to fire and post-fire harvesting

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2169-2183 ◽  
Author(s):  
J L Morissette ◽  
T P Cobb ◽  
R M Brigham ◽  
P C James
Keyword(s):  
Boreal Forest ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Salvage Logging ◽  
The Impact

Post-fire timber harvesting (salvage logging) is becoming more prevalent as logging companies try to recover some of the economic losses caused by fire. Because salvaging is a relatively new practice and because of the common perception that burned areas are of little value to wildlife, few guidelines exist for salvaging operations. We surveyed birds in unburned and burned stands of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), mixedwood, and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) to characterize the post-fire bird community in commercially important forest types. The effects of salvage logging were examined in mixedwood and jack pine. Using fixed-radius point counts, a total of 1430 individuals representing 51 species were detected during this study. Community analysis revealed that burned forests supported a distinct species assemblage of songbirds relative to unburned forests and that salvage logging significantly altered this community. An examination of guild composition showed that resident species, canopy and cavity nesters, and insectivores were the least likely to be detected in salvaged areas. Species less sensitive to salvage logging tended to be habitat generalists, omnivores, and species that nest on the ground or in shrubs. We suggest alternative management strategies that may help reduce the impact of salvage logging on the boreal forest songbird community.

Soil respiration and photosynthetic uptake of carbon dioxide by ground-cover plants in four ages of jack pine forest

2001 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1540-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert G Striegl ◽  
Kimberly P Wickland
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Measured Flux ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Mature Stands

Soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emission (soil respiration), net CO2 exchange after photosynthetic uptake by ground-cover plants, and soil CO2 concentration versus depth below land surface were measured at four ages of jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) forest in central Saskatchewan. Soil respiration was smallest at a clear-cut site, largest in an 8-year-old stand, and decreased with stand age in 20-year-old and mature (60–75 years old) stands during May– September 1994 (12.1, 34.6, 31.5, and 24.9 mol C·m–2, respectively). Simulations of soil respiration at each stand based on continuously recorded soil temperature were within one standard deviation of measured flux for 48 of 52 measurement periods, but were 10%–30% less than linear interpolations of measured flux for the season. This was probably due to decreased soil respiration at night modeled by the temperature-flux relationships, but not documented by daytime chamber measurements. CO2 uptake by ground-cover plants ranged from 0 at the clear-cut site to 29, 25, and 9% of total growing season soil respiration at the 8-year, 20-year, and mature stands. CO2 concentrations were as great as 7150 ppmv in the upper 1 m of unsaturated zone and were proportional to measured soil respiration.

Effect of clear-cutting, prescribed burning and scarification on litter decomposition in an Eastern Ontario jack pine (Pinus banksiana) ecosystem

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc C. Duchesne ◽  
Suzanne Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Decomposition Rates ◽  
Litter Bags ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Mass Losses ◽  
Field Incubation

Mass losses of litter bags containing leaf litter of Pinus banksiana Lamb., Quercus rubra L., Pteridium aquilium (L.) Kuhn, and Populus tremuloides Mchx. were compared in a jack pine ecosystem after clear-cutting, clear-cutting plus prescribed burning, and clear-cutting plus disk trenching scarification. Controls consisted of litterbags left in undisturbed plots. Mass losses were significantly affected by treatment types and litter types. The greatest differences among treatments were observed after 1 year of field incubation whereas there were considerably fewer differences among treatments after 3 years of incubation in the field. Initial decomposition of P. tremuloides and Q. rubra litter was greatest in the control plots. Scarified plots showed the slowest decomposition rates. Mass losses were not significant among treatments and litter types after 3 years incubation except for P. aquilinum litter on clear-cut and scarified plots.

Early revegetation of clear-cut and burned jack pine sites in northern lower Michigan

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc D. Abrams ◽  
Donald I. Dickmann
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Total Domination ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Opportunistic Species ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Carex Pensylvanica ◽  
Relative Cover

Revegetation of clear-cut and (or) burned jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) sites in northern lower Michigan was characterized during the first 5 years following treatment. Burning promoted the establishment of a large variety of species not typical of unburned areas. A total of 89 species was recorded on burned sites, of which 40 were exclusive, compared with 51 species on unburned sites, of which only 2 species were exclusive. Burned sites consistently showed greater species richness compared with unburned sites of the same age. Low species diversity on the older unburned clear-cuts (years 3 to 6) and certain burned sites was directly influenced by the dominance of the sedge Carex pensylvanica. The total domination of Carex (up to 86% relative cover) on many of these sites appears to be unique to northern lower Michigan. It is hypothesized that Carex, acting as an opportunistic species, monopolizes the space and soil resources liberated following disturbances and suppresses or excludes other species.

scholarly journals Effect of site preparation on the nutrient content of non-crop vegetation in a jack pine clear-cut

1997 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 711-714
Author(s):  
Luc C. Duchesne ◽  
Renée Tellier
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Site Preparation ◽  
Fire Intensity ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
K Concentration

The nutrient (N, P, K, Mg, and Ca) content of the aboveground living non-crop vegetation of a jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) clear-cut in eastern Ontario was investigated for two years after site preparation, which consisted of prescribed burning under different fire intensities and disk trencher scarification. Total plant nutrient content generally followed biomass accumulation with higher levels of plant N, P, Ca, and K in clear-cuts and scarified sites than in burned-over sites. In the first growing season, concentrations of N, P, and K were higher in the vegetation of burned-over plots than in scarified and clear-cut plots. Mg concentrations were greater in burned-over and scarified plots than in the clear-cut plots. Ca concentrations did not differ among the treatments. Concentration of P and K and the total amount of N, P and K in aboveground non-crop vegetation were correlated well with fire intensity at the end of the first growing season whereas only K concentration and quantities were correlated to fire intensity within two years after treatment. Key words: prescribed burning; disk trenching scarification; fire; Pinus banksiana; nutrients

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