Increased right amygdala activation to fear in paranoid schizophrenics: An FMRI study

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
M.L. Phillips ◽  
L. Williams ◽  
C. Senior ◽  
E.T. Bullmore ◽  
M.J. Brammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Amygdala activation and symptom dimensions in obsessive–compulsive disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Via ◽  
Narcís Cardoner ◽  
Jesús Pujol ◽  
Pino Alonso ◽  
Marina López-Solà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fearful Faces ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Fear And Anxiety ◽  
Emotional Face

BackgroundDespite knowledge of amygdala involvement in fear and anxiety, its contribution to the pathophysiology of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) remains controversial. In the context of neuroimaging studies, it seems likely that the heterogeneity of the disorder might have contributed to a lack of consistent findings.AimsTo assess the influence of OCD symptom dimensions on amygdala responses to a well-validated emotional face-matching paradigm.MethodCross-sectional functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of 67 patients with OCD and 67 age-, gender- and education-level matched healthy controls.ResultsThe severity of aggression/checking and sexual/religious symptom dimensions were significantly associated with heightened amygdala activation in those with OCD when responding to fearful faces, whereas no such correlations were seen for other symptom dimensions.ConclusionsAmygdala functional alterations in OCD appear to be specifically modulated by symptom dimensions whose origins may be more closely linked to putative amygdala-centric processes, such as abnormal fear processing.

An fMRI Study Examining Effects of Acute D-Cycloserine During Symptom Provocation in Spider Phobia

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 556-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Aupperle ◽  
Lisa R. Hale ◽  
Rebecca J. Chambers ◽  
Sharon E. Cain ◽  
Frank X. Barth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Fear Extinction ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Symptom Provocation ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Design Paradigm ◽  
To Receive

ABSTRACTBackground: Exposure-based therapy for anxiety disorders is believed to operate on the basis of fear extinction. Studies have shown acute administration of D-cycloserine (DCS) enhances fear extinction in animals and facilitates exposure therapy in humans, but the neural mechanisms are not completely understood. To date, no study has examined neural effects of acute DCS in anxiety-disordered populations.Methods: Two hours prior to functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning, 23 spider-phobic and 23 non-phobic participants were randomized to receive DCS 100 mg or placebo. During scanning, participants viewed spider, butterfly, and Gaussian-blurred baseline images in a block-design paradigm. Diagnostic and treatment groups were compared regarding differential activations to spider versus butterfly stimuli.Results: In the phobic group, DCS enhanced prefrontal (PFC), dorsal anterior cingulate (ACC), and insula activations. For controls, DCS enhanced ventral ACC and caudate activations. There was a positive correlation between lateral PFC and amygdala activation for the placebo-phobic group. Reported distress during symptom provocation was correlated with amygdala activation in the placebo-phobic group and orbitofrontal cortex activation in the DCS-phobic group.Conclusions: Results suggest that during initial phobic symptom provocation DCS enhances activation in regions involved in cognitive control and interoceptive integration, including the PFC, ACC, and insular cortices for phobic participants.

scholarly journals Human amygdala activation by the sound produced during dental treatment: A fMRI study

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (78) ◽  
pp. 337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Chin Peng ◽  
Jen-Fang Yu ◽  
Kun-Che Lee ◽  
Hsiang-Hsi Hong ◽  
Song-Bor Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Human Amygdala Activation during Conditioned Fear Acquisition and Extinction: a Mixed-Trial fMRI Study

Neuron ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 937-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin S LaBar ◽  
J.Christopher Gatenby ◽  
John C Gore ◽  
Joseph E LeDoux ◽  
Elizabeth A Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Conditioned Fear ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fmri Study

scholarly journals Trait anxiety predicts amygdalar responses during direct processing of threat-related pictures

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyan Lin ◽  
Wolfgang H. R. Miltner ◽  
Thomas Straube
Keyword(s):  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Distraction Task ◽  
Cubic Model ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
High Trait ◽  
High Trait Anxiety ◽  
Task Conditions

AbstractPrevious studies on the associations between trait anxiety and amygdalar responses to threat stimuli have resulted in mixed findings, possibly due to sample characteristics, specific tasks, and analytical methods. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study aimed to investigate linear or non-linear associations between trait anxiety and amygdalar responses in a sample of participants with low, medium, and high trait anxiety scores. During scanning, participants were presented with threat-related or neutral pictures and had either to solve an emotional task or an emotional-unrelated distraction task. Results showed that only during the explicit task trait anxiety was associated with right amygdalar responses to threat-related pictures as compared to neutral pictures. The best model was a cubic model with increased amygdala responses for very low and medium trait anxiety values but decreased amygdala activation for very high trait anxiety values. The findings imply a non-linear relation between trait anxiety and amygdala activation depending on task conditions.

Prednisolone reinforces the food reward system by bilateral amygdala activation - an fMRI study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Serfling ◽  
Macia Buades-Rotger ◽  
Birgit Harbeck ◽  
Ulrike Kramer ◽  
Georg Brabant
Keyword(s):  
Food Reward ◽  
Reward System ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fmri Study

Contextual Modulation of Amygdala Responsivity to Surprised Faces

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1730-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hackjin Kim ◽  
Leah H. Somerville ◽  
Tom Johnstone ◽  
Sara Polis ◽  
Andrew L. Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Functional Relationship ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Contextual Modulation ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Amygdala Response

We recently demonstrated a functional relationship between fMRI responses within the amygdala and the medial prefrontal cortex based upon whether subjects interpreted surprised facial expressions positively or negatively. In the present fMRI study, we sought to assess amygdala–medial prefrontal cortex responsivity when the interpretations of surprised faces were determined by contextual experimental stimuli, rather than subjective judgment. Subjects passively viewed individual presentations of surprised faces preceded by either a negatively or positively valenced contextual sentence (e.g., She just found $500 vs. She just lost $500). Negative and positive sentences were carefully matched in terms of length, situations described, and arousal level. Negatively cued surprised faces produced greater ventral amygdala activation compared to positively cued surprised faces. Responses to negative versus positive sentences were greater within the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, whereas responses to positive versus negative sentences were greater within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. The present study demonstrates that amygdala response to surprised facial expressions can be modulated by negatively versus positively valenced verbal contextual information. Connectivity analyses identified candidate cortical–subcortical systems subserving this modulation.

Differential amygdala activation during emotional decision and recognition memory tasks using unpleasant words: an fMRI study

2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 556-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias H Tabert ◽  
Joan C Borod ◽  
Cheuk Y Tang ◽  
Gudrun Lange ◽  
Tsechung C Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Amygdala Activation ◽  
Fmri Study
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