The contribution of controlled aspects of semantic processing to verbal memory encoding and semantic fluency deficits in schizophrenia

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
N. Lowery ◽  
J.D. Ragland ◽  
T. Indersmitten ◽  
R.E. Gur ◽  
R.C. Gur
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Semantic Fluency

scholarly journals Aberrant prefrontal beta oscillations predict episodic memory encoding deficits in schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Meconi ◽  
Sarah Anderl-Straub ◽  
Heidelore Raum ◽  
Michael Landgrebe ◽  
Berthold Langguth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Oscillatory Activity ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Brain Oscillations ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Pattern Similarity

AbstractVerbal episodic memory is one of the core cognitive functions affected in patients suffering from schizophrenia (SZ). Although this verbal memory impairment in SZ is a well-known finding, our understanding about its underlying neurophysiological mechanisms is rather scarce. Here we address this issue by recording brain oscillations during a memory task in a sample of healthy controls and patients suffering from SZ. Brain oscillations represent spectral fingerprints of specific neurocognitive operations and are therefore a promising tool to identify neurocognitive mechanisms that are affected by SZ. Healthy controls showed a prominent suppression of left prefrontal beta oscillatory activity during successful memory formation, which replicates several previous oscillatory memory studies. In contrast, patients failed to exhibit such left prefrontal beta power suppression. Utilizing a new topographical pattern similarity approach, we further demonstrate that the degree of similarity between a patient's beta power decrease to that of the controls reliably predicted memory performance. This relationship between beta power decreases and memory was such that the patients' memory performance improved as they showed a more similar topographical beta desynchronization pattern compared to that of healthy controls. These findings suggest that left prefrontal beta power suppression (or lack thereof) during memory encoding is a possible biomarker for the observed encoding impairments in SZ in verbal memory. This lack of left prefrontal beta power decreases might indicate a specific semantic processing deficit of verbal material in patients with schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Tonic resting-state hubness supports high-frequency activity defined verbal-memory encoding network in epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Ganne ◽  
Walter Hinds ◽  
James Kragel ◽  
Xiaosong He ◽  
Noah Sideman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Resting State ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Gamma Activity ◽  
List Type ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Memory Network

AbstractHigh-frequency gamma activity of verbal-memory encoding using invasive-electroencephalogram coupled has laid the foundation for numerous studies testing the integrity of memory in diseased populations. Yet, the functional connectivity characteristics of networks subserving these HFA-memory linkages remains uncertain. By integrating this electrophysiological biomarker of memory encoding from IEEG with resting-state BOLD fluctuations, we estimated the segregation and hubness of HFA-memory regions in drug-resistant epilepsy patients and matched healthy controls. HFA-memory regions express distinctly different hubness compared to neighboring regions in health and in epilepsy, and this hubness was more relevant than segregation in predicting verbal memory encoding. The HFA-memory network comprised regions from both the cognitive control and primary processing networks, validating that effective verbal-memory encoding requires multiple functions, and is not dominated by a central cognitive core. Our results demonstrate a tonic intrinsic set of functional connectivity, which provides the necessary conditions for effective, phasic, task-dependent memory encoding.HighlightsHigh frequency memory activity in IEEG corresponds to specific BOLD changes in resting-state data.HFA-memory regions had lower hubness relative to control brain nodes in both epilepsy patients and healthy controls.HFA-memory network displayed hubness and participation (interaction) values distinct from other cognitive networks.HFA-memory network shared regional membership and interacted with other cognitive networks for successful memory encoding.HFA-memory network hubness predicted both concurrent task (phasic) and baseline (tonic) verbal-memory encoding success.

61. The posterior medial cortex is involved in visual but not in verbal memory encoding processing. Intracerebral recording study

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
K. Herůfková ◽  
P. Jurák ◽  
J. Chládek ◽  
J. Halámek ◽  
I. Rektor
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Medial Cortex

scholarly journals Effects of orthostatic hypotension on cognition in Parkinson disease

Neurology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Centi ◽  
Roy Freeman ◽  
Christopher H. Gibbons ◽  
Sandy Neargarder ◽  
Alexander O. Canova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Orthostatic Hypotension ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Phonemic Fluency

Objective:To investigate the relation between orthostatic hypotension (OH) and posture-mediated cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease (PD) using a cross-sectional and within-group design.Methods:Individuals without dementia with idiopathic PD included 18 with OH (PDOH) and 19 without OH; 18 control participants were also included. Neuropsychological tests were conducted in supine and upright-tilted positions. Blood pressure was assessed in each posture.Results:The PD groups performed similarly while supine, demonstrating executive dysfunction in sustained attention and response inhibition, and reduced semantic fluency and verbal memory (encoding and retention). Upright posture exacerbated and broadened these deficits in the PDOH group to include phonemic fluency, psychomotor speed, and auditory working memory. When group-specific supine scores were used as baseline anchors, both PD groups showed cognitive changes following tilt, with the PDOH group exhibiting a wider range of deficits in executive function and memory as well as significant changes in visuospatial function.Conclusions:Cognitive deficits in PD have been widely reported with assessments performed in the supine position, as seen in both our PD groups. Here we demonstrated that those with PDOH had transient, posture-mediated changes in excess of those found in PD without OH. These observed changes suggest an acute, reversible effect. Understanding the effects of OH due to autonomic failure on cognition is desirable, particularly as neuroimaging and clinical assessments collect data only in the supine or seated positions. Identification of a distinct neuropsychological profile in PD with OH has quality of life implications, and OH presents itself as a possible target for intervention in cognitive disturbance.

scholarly journals Neuropsychological outcomes of subtemporal selective amygdalohippocampectomy via a small craniotomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Fan Yang ◽  
Hui-Jian Zhang ◽  
Jia-Sheng Pei ◽  
Qiao Lin ◽  
Zhen Mei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Brain Surgery ◽  
Mesial Temporal Sclerosis ◽  
Semantic Fluency ◽  
Verbal Comprehension ◽  
Subtemporal Approach ◽  
Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy

OBJECT The objectives of this study were to describe a novel minimal-access subtemporal approach for selective resection of the amygdala and hippocampus in patients with medically refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) due to hippocampal sclerosis, and to analyze the related outcomes. METHODS The authors analyzed data from all cases involving patients with unilateral MTLE due to hippocampal sclerosis who were treated with selective amygdalohippocampectomy via the posterior subtemporal approach through a relatively small craniotomy, without a neuronavigation system, at their institution during the period from September 2010 to September 2012. Data were obtained on baseline characteristics, preoperative evaluations of unilateral mesial temporal sclerosis, surgical complications, and Engel class seizure outcomes. All patients underwent memory testing, IQ testing, and language testing. RESULTS The mean duration of follow-up was 33.6 months (range 24–48 months). There were no deaths and no cases of significant postoperative morbidity. One patient had a mild complication. At 2-year follow-up, 19 patients were seizure free (Engel Class I outcome). Verbal memory scores obtained at 3 months and at 2 years after surgery were significantly lower than preoperative scores for patients who underwent surgery on the left side of the brain (p < 0.05). Pictorial memory scores were higher following surgery compared with before surgery regardless of whether patients underwent left- or right-sided brain surgery. There was also improvement in performance IQ and total IQ following surgery in both groups. For patients who underwent right-sided brain surgery, verbal comprehension and semantic fluency testing scores were significantly higher at both 3 months and 2 years after surgery than before surgery. For patients who underwent left-sided brain surgery, scores on all language tests were significantly lower at 3 months after surgery than before surgery. Verbal comprehension testing scores returned to the preoperative level at 2 years after surgery. CONCLUSIONS The posterior subtemporal approach through a relatively small craniotomy allows adequate exposure and safe resection of mesial temporal structures and effectively reduces medically intractable MTLE. It preserves IQ but may have a detrimental effect on verbal memory and language ability.

The posterior medial cortex is involved in visual but not in verbal memory encoding processing: an intracerebral recording study

2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Štillová ◽  
P. Jurák ◽  
J. Chládek ◽  
J. Halámek ◽  
S. Telecká ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Medial Cortex

Effects of Donepezil on Verbal Memory After Semantic Processing in Healthy Older Adults

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. FitzGerald ◽  
Gregory P. Crucian ◽  
Jeannine B. Mielke ◽  
Brian V. Shenal ◽  
David Burks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Healthy Older Adults

scholarly journals Recoding between Two Types of STM Representation Revealed by the Dynamics of Memory Search

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Leszczyński ◽  
Nicholas E. Myers ◽  
Elkan G. Akyürek ◽  
Anna Schubö
Keyword(s):  
Visual Attention ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Search Task ◽  
Memory Search ◽  
Memory Encoding ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Verbal Representation ◽  
Verbal Recall ◽  
Retention Intervals ◽  
Stored Information

Visual STM (VSTM) is thought to be related to visual attention in several ways. Attention controls access to VSTM during memory encoding and plays a role in the maintenance of stored information by strengthening memorized content. We investigated the involvement of visual attention in recall from VSTM. In two experiments, we measured electrophysiological markers of attention in a memory search task with varying intervals between VSTM encoding and recall, and so we were able to track recoding of representations in memory. Results confirmed the involvement of attention in VSTM recall. However, the amplitude of the N2pc and N3rs components, which mark orienting of attention and search within VSTM, decreased as a function of delay. Conversely, the amplitude of the P3 and sustained posterior contralateral negativity components increased as a function of delay, effectively the opposite of the N2pc and N3rs modulations. These effects were only observed when verbal memory was not taxed. Thus, the results suggested that gradual recoding from visuospatial orienting of attention into verbal recall mechanisms takes place from short to long retention intervals. Interestingly, recall at longer delays was faster than at short delays, indicating that verbal representation is coupled with faster responses. These results extend the orienting-of-attention hypothesis by including an account of representational recoding during short-term consolidation and its consequences for recall from VSTM.

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