0474 DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND CLINICAL DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS AT RISK OF PSYCHOSIS

ObjectiveHIV continues to be a global and national public health challenge, and men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected in the USA. Transmission of HIV is intentional if the person living with HIV knows about his/her serostatus, acts with the intention to and actually transmits HIV. Research on intentional transmission of HIV infections is lacking, and the relationships between perceived intentional transmission, viral suppression and psychosocial outcomes have not been assessed. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between perceived intentional transmission of HIV, sustained viral suppression and psychosocial outcomes.MethodsData were obtained from 338 MSM living with HIV who participated in a disclosure intervention study. Logistic and linear regression models were used to assess the associations between perceived intentional transmission and viral suppression, condomless anal intercourse in the past 30 days, being at risk for clinical depression, substance use, self-efficacies for condom use, HIV disclosure and negotiation of safer sex practices, and sexual compulsivity.Results44% of the study population reported perceiving intentional HIV transmission. After adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, men who thought that they were infected intentionally had 69% higher odds (adjusted OR: 1.69; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.83) of being at risk for clinical depression, and on average, scored approximately 3 points and 4 points higher on depressive symptoms and sexual compulsivity, respectively (adjusted β: 3.29; 95% CI 0.42 to 6.15; adjusted β: 3.74; 95% CI 1.32 to 6.17) compared with men who did not think that they were intentionally infected. After adjusting for confounders, there was no statistically significant association between perceived intentional transmission and viral suppression.ConclusionsIntervention programmes for MSM living with HIV who thought they were infected intentionally are warranted and should aim to attenuate depressive symptoms and sexual compulsivity.

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Socio-Demographic and Coping Correlates and Predictors of Depressive Symptoms Among Low-Income and Ethnic Minority Mothers At-Risk

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/10547738211029685 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105477382110296

Author(s):

Rahshida Atkins ◽

Shanda Johnson ◽

Manuel C. F. Pontes ◽

Tiffany Stellmacher ◽

Daniella Gadaleta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Low Income ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Clinical Depression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Convenience Sample

This study identified coping and sociodemographic correlates and predictors of depressive symptoms in mothers at risk for clinical depression. A descriptive, cross-sectional design was employed. A convenience sample of 88 low-income or ethnic-minority mothers aged 21 to 45 completed a depression scale, demographic data sheet, and responded to an open-ended question. Content analysis, descriptive, and inferential statistics was used for data analysis. Exactly 42.5% of mothers reported high depressive symptoms (>16). Lower income levels ( r = .342, p = .01) and head-of-household status ( r = .220, p = .04) were significantly associated with higher depressive symptoms. Those who used social support coping had lower depressive symptoms than those who did not ( t = 2.50, p = .014). Those using emotion-focused coping only had higher depressive symptoms than those using a mix of coping strategies ( t = 2.60, p = .011). Healthcare providers can employ vigilant depression screening and encourage utilization of a mix of problem and emotion-focused coping strategies to reduce depressive symptoms and prevent clinical depression.

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Clinical Depression, Depressive Symptoms, and Depressed Cognition in Caregiving Grandmothers

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 368-368

Author(s):

Christopher Burant ◽

Alexandra Jeanblanc ◽

Carol Musil ◽

McKenzie Wallace ◽

Zauszniewski Jaclene

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Negative Affect ◽

Clinical Depression ◽

Health Conditions ◽

Positive And Negative Affect ◽

Chi Square ◽

Depressive Cognitions ◽

Risk For Depression

Abstract Grandmothers living with or raising grandchildren have elevated levels of depressive symptoms compared to grandmothers who do not provide care. While the CES-D measures the somatic, positive and negative affect, and interpersonal strain symptoms experienced with depression, the Depressive Cognitions Scale captures the change in cognitive thinking that often precedes clinical depression. Our aim was to compare depressive symptoms and depressed cognitions between grandmother caregivers with a diagnosis of depression and those without in a nationwide sample of 342 grandmother caregivers. In the questionnaire, participants were asked whether they had a diagnosis of depression amongst other health conditions and also completed the CES-D and the Depressed Cognitions Scale. A score of 16 or greater on the CESD or a score above 7 on the Depressed Cognitions Scale can be used to identify individuals who may be at risk for depression. Grandmothers who had a diagnosis of depression were more likely to have CES-D scores 16 and above (79.7 %) as compared to those who were not (39.2%) (Chi Square=54.55, p<.001); and more likely to have higher depressed cognition scores 7 and above (71.3 %) as compared to those who did not (42.9%) (Chi Square=26.68, p<.001). Additionally, grandmothers who had depressed cognitions were more likely to have CES-D scores 16 and above (74.1 %) as compared to those who were not (33.1%) (Chi Square=57.56, p<.001). The elevated scores in participants who already have a diagnosis of depression indicates the need for potential interventions to further address depressive symptoms in grandmother caregivers.

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