The german version of the conners adult ADHD rating scales (CAARS)

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1195-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Christiansen ◽  
B. Kis ◽  
O. Hirsch ◽  
A. Philipsen ◽  
J. Hebebrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
German Version ◽  
American Model ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

IntroductionInstruments for diagnosing Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in childhood are well validated and reliable, but psychometric assessment of ADHD in adults remains problematic. To date the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) are frequently used in the assessment of ADHD.ObjectivesThe CAARS were translated into German and a series of studies planned to establish psychometric properties of the CAARS-self and -observer rating scales.AimsTo evaluate the German version of the CAARS.MethodsWe recruited 847 healthy German subjects and 466 adult ADHD patients to fill out the CAARS-self report and questions on socio-demographic variables. Additionally, 896 CAARS-observer reports were filled out by significant others and clinical experts. Factor analyses were conducted to obtain factor structure and to replicate the structure of the original American-model. Comparisons between patients and controls, and analyses on influences of gender, age, and education level were calculated. Additional analyses established psychometric properties.ResultsConfirmative factor analysis based on the original American-model showed a high model-fit for both the German healthy control and the adult ADHD patient sample. Analyses of normative data showed significant influences of age, gender, and education level on the emerging subscales for the control sample only. Differences on all subscales were highly significant between patients and controls. Test-, test-retest-reliability was very high, and criterion validity could be established with DSM-IV based clinical interviews. Sensitivity and specificity ratings are overall very satisfying.ConclusionThe German version of the CAARS is a cross-culturally valid instrument for the assessment of adult ADHD.

German Validation of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales–self-report (CAARS-S) I: Factor Structure and Normative Data

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Christiansen ◽  
B. Kis ◽  
O. Hirsch ◽  
A. Philipsen ◽  
M. Henneck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Self Report ◽  
American Model ◽  
Explorative Factor Analysis

AbstractBackgroundAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often persists into adulthood. Instruments for diagnosing ADHD in childhood are well validated and reliable, but diagnosis of ADHD in adults remains problematic. Attempts have been made to develop criteria specific for adult ADHD, resulting in the development of self-report and observer-rated questionnaires. To date, the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) are the international standard for questionnaire assessment of ADHD. The current study evaluates a German version of the CAARS self-report (CAARS-S).MethodsEight hundred and fifty healthy German control subjects were recruited to fill out the CAARS-S and to answer questions on sociodemographic variables. Explorative and confirmative factor analyses were conducted to obtain the factor structure for the German model and to replicate the factor structure of the original American model. Analyses on gender, age, and education level were calculated for normative data.ResultsThe explorative factor analysis of the German sample results in a six-factor solution that explained 52% of the variance. A confirmative analysis that was based on the 42 items of the original American model showed a high model-fit. Analyses of normative data showed significant influences of age, gender, and education level on the emerging subscales.ConclusionEven though the explorative factor analysis yields a solution different from the American original, the confirmative factor analysis results in such a high model-fit that use of the American version is justified with respect to international multicenter studies, for which this instrument will be highly valuable.

Reliability, Validity, Factor Structure, and Measurement Invariance of the Japanese Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-349
Author(s):  
Fumio Someki ◽  
Masafumi Ohnishi ◽  
Mikael Vejdemo-Johansson ◽  
Kazuhiko Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
North American ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Scalar Invariance ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

To examine reliability, validity, factor structure, and measurement invariance (i.e., configural, metric, and scalar invariance) of the Japanese Conners’ Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Rating Scales (CAARS), Japanese nonclinical adults ( N = 786) completed the CAARS Self-Report (CAARS-S). Each participant was also rated by one observer using the CAARS Observer Form (CAARS-O). For the test of measurement invariance, excerpts from the original (North American) CAARS norming data ( N = 500) were used. Dimensional structure was examined by exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Test–retest reliability, internal consistency, and concurrent validity were satisfactory. Based on the DSM-IV model and Japanese four-factor model, configural and metric invariance were established for the CAARS-S/O across Japanese and North American populations. Scalar invariance was established for the CAARS-O based on the Japanese model. The use of the Japanese CAARS for diagnostic purposes in Japan was supported; however, it should be used with caution for cross-cultural comparison research.

Evaluating the Psychometric Properties of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 1111-1118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa C. Smyth ◽  
Scott T. Meier
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

Objective: Characterized by significant work-related impairments, difficulties with relationships, and higher rates of criminal behavior and substance abuse, ADHD is now understood as a disability that can persist throughout a lifetime. Differing opinions remain, however, regarding adult symptoms of ADHD, particularly with regard to gender differences. These issues add to the challenges of constructing a reliable and valid measure of ADHD for use with adults in research and practice. Method: We review the theoretical foundations of ADHD and psychometric properties of a major assessment device, the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS). Results: Results of the literature review found (a) a wide range of internal consistency estimates, with lowest values for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ( DSM)–Hyperactive/Impulsive Symptoms subscale when completed by women, and (b) discriminant validity estimates in the same range as convergent validity estimates. Conclusion: These findings raise questions about the construct validity of the CAARS and suggest directions for future research.

German validation of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) II: Reliability, validity, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Christiansen ◽  
B. Kis ◽  
O. Hirsch ◽  
S. Matthies ◽  
J. Hebebrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

AbstractBackgroundThe German version of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) has proven to show very high model fit in confirmative factor analyses with the established factors inattention/memory problems, hyperactivity/restlessness, impulsivity/emotional lability, and problems with self-concept in both large healthy control and ADHD patient samples. This study now presents data on the psychometric properties of the German CAARS-self-report (CAARS-S) and observer-report (CAARS-O) questionnaires.MethodsCAARS-S/O and questions on sociodemographic variables were filled out by 466 patients with ADHD, 847 healthy control subjects that already participated in two prior studies, and a total of 896 observer data sets were available. Cronbach's-alpha was calculated to obtain internal reliability coefficients. Pearson correlations were performed to assess test-retest reliability, and concurrent, criterion, and discriminant validity. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC-analyses) were used to establish sensitivity and specificity for all subscales.ResultsCoefficient alphas ranged from .74 to .95, and test-retest reliability from .85 to .92 for the CAARS-S, and from .65 to .85 for the CAARS-O. All CAARS subscales, except problems with self-concept correlated significantly with the Barrett Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), but not with the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS). Criterion validity was established with ADHD subtype and diagnosis based on DSM-IV criteria. Sensitivity and specificity were high for all four subscales.ConclusionThe reported results confirm our previous study and show that the German CAARS-S/O do indeed represent a reliable and cross-culturally valid measure of current ADHD symptoms in adults.

scholarly journals Non-credible symptom report in the clinical evaluation of adult ADHD: development and initial validation of a new validity index embedded in the Conners’ adult ADHD rating scales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Becke ◽  
Lara Tucha ◽  
Matthias Weisbrod ◽  
Steffen Aschenbrenner ◽  
Oliver Tucha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Stimulant Medication ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Symptom Report ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Detection Strategies ◽  
Unusual Symptom ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

AbstractAs attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a feasible target for individuals aiming to procure stimulant medication or accommodations, there is a high clinical need for accurate assessment of adult ADHD. Proven falsifiability of commonly used diagnostic instruments is therefore of concern. The present study aimed to develop a new, ADHD-specific infrequency index to aid the detection of non-credible self-report. Disorder-specific adaptations of four detection strategies were embedded into the Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) and tested for infrequency among credible neurotypical controls (n = 1001) and credible adults with ADHD (n = 100). The new index’ ability to detect instructed simulators (n = 242) and non-credible adults with ADHD (n = 22) was subsequently examined using ROC analyses. Applying a conservative cut-off score, the new index identified 30% of participants instructed to simulate ADHD while retaining a specificity of 98%. Items assessing supposed symptoms of ADHD proved most useful in distinguishing genuine patients with ADHD from simulators, whereas inquiries into unusual symptom combinations produced a small effect. The CAARS Infrequency Index (CII) outperformed the new infrequency index in terms of sensitivity (46%), but not overall classification accuracy as determined in ROC analyses. Neither the new infrequency index nor the CII detected non-credible adults diagnosed with ADHD with adequate accuracy. In contrast, both infrequency indices showed high classification accuracy when used to detect symptom over-report. Findings support the new indices’ utility as an adjunct measure in uncovering feigned ADHD, while underscoring the need to differentiate general over-reporting from specific forms of feigning.

The Conner’s Adult ADHD Rating Scales-Long Self-Report and Observer Forms: Validation of the Catalan Version

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Amador-Campos ◽  
Laura Nuño ◽  
Juana Gómez-Benito
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

The Conners’ Adult ADHD Rating Scales—Short Self-Report and Observer Forms

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Amador-Campos ◽  
Juana Gómez-Benito ◽  
Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

Psychometric properties of ADHD rating scales among children with mental retardation

2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 477-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L Miller ◽  
Virginia E Fee ◽  
Christie J Jones
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Adhd Rating Scales

Genetic and environmental influences on the relationship between adult ADHD symptoms and self-reported problem drinking in 6024 Dutch twins

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 2673-2683 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Derks ◽  
J. M. Vink ◽  
G. Willemsen ◽  
W. van den Brink ◽  
D. I. Boomsma
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Dutch Twins

BackgroundCross-sectional and longitudinal studies have shown a positive association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and problematic alcohol use in adults. To what extent this association is explained by genetic and environmental factors is largely unknown.MethodData on ADHD and alcohol consumption were collected by self-report in 6024 adult Dutch twins. ADHD symptoms were assessed by three subscales of the Conners' Adult ADHD Rating Scales – Self-Report: Screening Version (CAARS–S:SV): inattentiveness, hyperactivity and the ADHD index (ADHD-I). Problem drinking was defined as at least two self-reported alcohol-related problems on the CAGE questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was applied to the bivariate twin data to estimate genetic and environmental influences.ResultsHeritability of ADHD symptoms ranged between 32% and 40% and heritability of problem drinking was 50%. The positive correlation between ADHD symptoms and problem drinking was confirmed in this general population sample, with phenotypic correlations between 0.20 and 0.28 and genetic correlations between 0.39 and 0.50. Phenotypic correlations are primarily (61–100%) explained by genetic influences with non-shared environmental influences explaining the remaining covariance. No significant quantitative or qualitative gender differences in covariance structure were found.ConclusionsThis study convincingly shows that ADHD symptoms and problem drinking are moderately but significantly correlated in adults and that genetic correlations are primarily underlying this association. This suggests that early interventions are required to prevent adolescents with ADHD from developing problematic levels of alcohol use. Furthermore, clinicians who treat alcohol-dependent patients should be aware that the patient may have a co-morbid condition of ADHD; integrated interventions are required.

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