Effects of long-term magnesium administration on levels of stress hormones and interleukin-6 after acute stress in rats chronically treated with adrenocorticotropic hormone

Background and Purpose— α-Melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is an endogenously produced neuropeptide derived from the same precursor as adrenocorticotropic hormone. α-MSH has profound immunomodulatory properties and may also be neuroprotective. Nothing is known about α-MSH and changes in its plasma concentrations in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods— In this prospective observational study, plasma concentrations of α-MSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, and interleukin 6 were assessed longitudinally over the course of 1 year after stroke onset in 111 patients. Logistic regression was used to the effect of initial plasma α-MSH, adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, and interleukin 6 on long-term outcome. Results— There was an early decrease in plasma α-MSH in patients with severe stroke (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale ≥17) that normalized over the course of the year; these same patients evidenced elevations in plasma cortisol and interleukin 6. Higher initial plasma α-MSH, but not adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, or interleukin 6, was independently predictive of good long-term outcome. Conclusions— This research is the first to study endogenous changes in plasma α-MSH after stroke. The independent effect of early plasma α-MSH on stroke outcome, as well as a growing body of experimental data demonstrating improved stroke outcome with exogenous α-MSH administration, suggests a potential therapeutic role for α-MSH in the treatment of stroke.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Propofol increased the interleukin-6 to interleukin-10 ratio more than isoflurane after surgery in long-term alcoholic patients.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1162304.622798 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Marjolein de Wit

Keyword(s):

Interleukin 6 ◽

Interleukin 10

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Efficacy of long‐term adrenocorticotropic hormone therapy for West syndrome: A retrospective multicenter case series

Epilepsia Open ◽

10.1002/epi4.12497 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shimpei Baba ◽

Tohru Okanishi ◽

Yoichiro Homma ◽

Takeshi Yoshida ◽

Tomohide Goto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hormone Therapy ◽

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽

Case Series ◽

West Syndrome

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Non-breeding feather concentrations of testosterone, corticosterone and cortisol are associated with subsequent survival in wild house sparrows

Proceedings of The Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rspb.2011.2062 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 279 (1733) ◽

pp. 1560-1566 ◽

Cited By ~ 71

Author(s):

Lee Koren ◽

Shinichi Nakagawa ◽

Terry Burke ◽

Kiran K. Soma ◽

Katherine E. Wynne-Edwards ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stress Hormones ◽

Passer Domesticus ◽

House Sparrows ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Darwinian Fitness ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

In The Wild ◽

The Subject ◽

As Stress

Potential mechanistic mediators of Darwinian fitness, such as stress hormones or sex hormones, have been the focus of many studies. An inverse relationship between fitness and stress or sex hormone concentrations has been widely assumed, although empirical evidence is scarce. Feathers gradually accumulate hormones during their growth and provide a novel way to measure hormone concentrations integrated over time. Using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, we measured testosterone, corticosterone and cortisol in the feathers of house sparrows ( Passer domesticus ) in a wild population which is the subject of a long-term study. Although corticosterone is considered the dominant avian glucocorticoid, we unambiguously identified cortisol in feathers. In addition, we found that feathers grown during the post-nuptial moult in autumn contained testosterone, corticosterone and cortisol levels that were significantly higher in birds that subsequently died over the following winter than in birds that survived. Thus, feather steroids are candidate prospective biomarkers to predict the future survival of individuals in the wild.

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Do researchers impact their study populations? Assessing the effect of field procedures in a long term population monitoring of sea kraits

Amphibia-Reptilia ◽

10.1163/15685381-00002839 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (3-4) ◽

pp. 365-372 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Thomas Fauvel ◽

François Brischoux ◽

Marine Jeanne Briand ◽

Xavier Bonnet

Keyword(s):

Body Condition ◽

New Caledonia ◽

Stress Hormones ◽

Population Level ◽

Population Monitoring ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Short Term ◽

Head Morphology

Long term population monitoring is essential to ecological studies; however, field procedures may disturb individuals. Assessing this topic is important in worldwide declining taxa such as reptiles. Previous studies focussed on animal welfare issues and examined short-term effects (e.g. increase of stress hormones due to handling). Long-term effects with possible consequences at the population level remain poorly investigated. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of widely used field procedures (e.g. handling, marking, forced regurgitation) both on short-term (hormonal stress response) and on long-term (changes in body condition, survival) scales in two intensively monitored populations of sea kraits (Laticauda spp.) in New Caledonia. Focusing on the most intensively monitored sites, from 2002 to 2012, we gathered approximately 11 200 captures/recaptures on 4500 individuals. Each snake was individually marked (scale clipping + branding) and subjected to various measurements (e.g. body size, head morphology, palpation). In addition, a subsample of more than 500 snakes was forced to regurgitate their prey for dietary analyses. Handling caused a significant stress hormonal response, however we found no detrimental long-term effect on body condition. Forced regurgitation did not cause any significant effect on both body condition one year later and survival. These results suggest that the strong short-term stress provoked by field procedures did not translate into negative effects on the population. Although similar analyses are required to test the validity of our conclusions in other species, our results suggest distinguishing welfare and population issues to evaluate the potential impact of population surveys.

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