Optimizing total system cost by balancing unit cost against real cost

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (5) ◽  
pp. 11-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan François
Keyword(s):  
Unit Cost ◽  
Total System ◽  
System Cost ◽  
Real Cost

Optimization of a Point-Focusing, Distributed Receiver Solar Thermal Electric System

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Pons
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Transport ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Heat Engine ◽  
Electric Utility ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Total System ◽  
Slope Error

This paper presents an approach to optimization of a solar concept which employs solar-to-electric power conversion at the focus of parabolic dish concentrators. Modularity is obtained through the use of multiple concentrators to achieve the desired power level (up to 10MW); the system is connected to an electric utility grid but is capable of operation in a stand-alone mode. The power conversion subsystem is packaged into a single assembly which includes (1) a cavity receiver, (2) thermal transport hardware, (3) a heat engine and (4) a synchronous a-c generator. In the example presented, the baseline heat engine is a Stirling cycle power plant and the receiver is a high temperature (∼800°C) sodium pool boiler; thermal transport is provided by a short pipe with the dual function of delivering sodium vapor to the engine heater head and returning liquid condensate to the boiler. The optimization procedure is presented through a series of trade studies, which include the results of optical/thermal analyses and individual subsystem trades. The optical/thermal analyses include the effect of concentrator rim angle, surface slope error, pointing error, geometric concentration ratio and pertinent cavity parameters including shape, temperature and inner surface radiation properties. For the concentrator, the effects pf slope error, rim angle and diameter on unit cost (dollars/m2 of aperture) are presented as part of an overall cost analysis which generates total system life-cycle energy cost as the optimization parameter. Alternate closed-cycle and open-cycle Brayton engines and organic Rankine engines are considered to show the influence of the optimization process, and various storage techniques are evaluated, including batteries, flywheels and hybrid-engine operations.

Establishing simulation model for optimizing efficiency of CNC machine using reliability-centered maintenance approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Hussain ◽  
Hamid Jan
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Maintenance ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Total System ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Effect Analysis ◽  
System Cost ◽  
Reliability Centered Maintenance ◽  
Maintenance Time ◽  
Critical Components

The objective of this work was to enhance the product’s quality by concentrating on the machine’s optimized efficiency. In order to increase the machine’s reliability, the basis of reliability-centered maintenance approach was utilized. The purpose was to establish a planned preventive maintenance strategy to identify the machine’s critical components having a noteworthy effect on the product’s quality. The critical components were prioritized using failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA). The goal of the study was to decrease the ppm time interval for a CNC machine by simulating the projected preventive maintenance time interval. For this purpose, the simulation software ProModel 7.5 was implemented for the current preventive maintenance procedure to choose the best ppm time interval which contributed better norms. Five dissimilar optimization approaches were applied, however, the first approach yielded the prominent total system cost and the shorter ppm interval. The results of the study revealed that there was an increase of USD 1878 as a result of an increase in total system cost from USD 78,365 to USD 80,243. Preventive maintenance costs were reduced from USD 4196 to USD 2248 (46%). The costs associated with good parts increased from USD 8259 to USD 8294 (0.4%) and the costs associated with defective parts reduced from USD 171 to USD 3 (98.25%), respectively.

Study on Model of Inventory and Distribution Joint Optimization Based on the VMI

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 2053-2056
Author(s):  
Ji Jun Pang ◽  
Xi Fu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Iterative Algorithm ◽  
System Optimization ◽  
Joint Optimization ◽  
Total System ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Matlab Software ◽  
System Cost ◽  
Multiple Clients

This paper studies the problem of inventory and distribution joint optimization for two level logistics system of a supplier and multiple clients by building the model of inventory and distribution joint optimization based on VMI to reach the goal of minimizing the total system cost. Moreover, this article not only designs the iterative algorithm to solve the model, and determine the optimal inventory and distribution program from the perspective of system optimization, but also verifies the validity of the model and algorithm through using MATLAB software.

A Novel Optimization Model for Location of Waste Transfer Stations

2011 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gao Chang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Total System ◽  
Evaluation Function ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
System Cost ◽  
Waste Transfer ◽  
Transfer Stations ◽  
Novel Model

Waste transfer stations play an important role in waste disposal. This paper proposed a novel model for optimization location of waste transfer stations in environmental monitoring. With the considering of requirements, total system cost and the effect to the environment, an optimization model is given for the positions of waste transfer stations. An algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization model and the evaluation function can obtain the minimal value. The efficiency and the accuracy of the proposed algorithm are shown in several numerical examples..

scholarly journals An integrated supply chain inventory model with imperfect-quality items, controllable lead time and distribution-free demand

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Jen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Lead Time ◽  
Optimal Order ◽  
Total System ◽  
Screening Process ◽  
Defective Items ◽  
Distribution Free ◽  
System Cost ◽  
Demand Distribution ◽  
Production Run ◽  
Distribution Free Approach

In this paper, we consider an integrated vendor-buyer inventory policy for a continuous review model with a random number of defective items and screening process gradually at a fixed screening rate in buyer?s arriving order lot. We assume that shortages are allowed and partially backlogged on the buyer?s side, and that the lead time demand distribution is unknown, except its first two moments. The objective is to apply the minmax distribution free approach to determine the optimal order quantity, reorder point, lead time and the number of lots delivered in one production run simultaneously so that the expected total system cost is minimized. Numerical experiments along with sensitivity analysis were performed to illustrate the effects of parameters on the decision and the total system cost.

scholarly journals Cost of Treatment Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) di Rawat Inap Berdasarkan Clinical Pathway di RS X Jakarta

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Marietha Meinar Rejeki ◽  
Atik Nurwahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Clinical Pathway ◽  
Clinical Pathways ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dengue Disease ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
The Cost

Abstrak Rumah Sakit sebagai pemberi layanan kesehatan saat ini dituntut untuk melakukan kendali mutu dan biaya, namun tetap berkualitas. Clinical pathway yang menjadi dasar pengendalian mutu dan biaya sudah ada tetapi belum diaudit penggunaan­nya oleh tim rumah sakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui unit cost layanan dan cost of treatment DBD di RS X Ja­karta. Penelitian kuantitatif melalui pengambilan data cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 190 pasien DBD. Hasil penelitian didapatkan adanya kesenjangan antara cost of treatment perawatan pasien DBD berdasarkan clinical pathway (Rp. 2.184.588) dan cost of treatment berdasarkan kondisi riil (Rp. 2.382.512) dengan selisih terbesar di rawat inap dan obat-obatan. Cost of treatment tanpa perhitungan gaji dan investasi untuk pasien DBD dapat berkurang menjadi 29% dari cost of treatment semula. Cost of Treatment tanpa perhitungan gaji maka cost of treatment dapat turun menjadi 42%. Diperlukan sistem pemantauan kepatuhan terhadap clinical pathway, pembentukan tim casemix rumah sakit untuk peman­tauan dan evaluasi implementasi JKN di rumah sakit .Abstract Hospitals as health care providers are now required to perform cost and quality control without neglecting the quality of services. Clinical pathways which underlying quality and cost control in the hospital are available but has not been audited. This study aims to determine the unit cost of services in RS X Jakarta, the utilization of hospital services for dengue disease and cost of treatment of DHF in RS X Jakarta. A cross-sectional study was performed in this study. A quantitative approach was done through data collection from hospital information system, medical record and financial data. The result showed that there was a gap between the cost of treat­ment of DHF patients which based on the clinical pathway (2,184,588 IDR) and the cost of treatment based on the real condition (2,382,512 IDR). The biggest difference between cost of treatment and real cost was in the hospitalization cost and medicine cost. Cost of treatment without salary and investation calculation for DHF patients can be reduced significantly by 29%. Cost of treatment without salary calculation for DHF patients can be reduced significantly by 42%. There is a need for monitoring system and the estab­lishment of hospital case mix team in order to optimize the hospital clinical pathway in the JKN era. 

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