The oxygen uptake response of sprint- vs. endurance-trained runners to severe intensity running

We tested the hypothesis that prior heavy-intensity exercise reduces the difference between asymptotic oxygen uptake (VO2) and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) during exhaustive severe-intensity running lasting ≍2 minutes. Ten trained runners each performed 2 ramp tests to determine peak VO2 (VO2peak) and speed at venti-latory threshold. They performed exhaustive square-wave runs lasting ≍2 minutes, preceded by either 6 minutes of moderate-intensity running and 6 minutes rest (SEVMOD) or 6 minutes of heavy-intensity running and 6 minutes rest (SEVHEAVY). Two transitions were completed in each condition. VO2 was determined breath by breath and averaged across the 2 repeats of each test; for the square-wave test, the averaged VO2 response was then modeled using a monoexponential function. The amplitude of the VO2 response to severe-intensity running was not different in the 2 conditions (SEVMOD vs SEVHEAVY; 3925 ± 442 vs 3997 ± 430 mL/min, P = .237), nor was the speed of the response (τ; 9.2 ± 2.1 vs 10.0 ± 2.1 seconds, P = .177). VO2peak from the square-wave tests was below that achieved in the ramp tests (91.0% ± 3.2% and 92.0% ± 3.9% VO2peak, P < .001). There was no difference in time to exhaustion between conditions (110.2 ± 9.7 vs 111.0 ± 15.2 seconds, P = .813). The results show that the primary VO2 response is unaffected by prior heavy exercise in running performed at intensities at which exhaustion will occur before a slow component emerges.

Download Full-text

Steady-state $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$ above MLSS: evidence that critical speed better represents maximal metabolic steady state in well-trained runners

European Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1007/s00421-021-04780-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rebekah J. Nixon ◽

Sascha H. Kranen ◽

Anni Vanhatalo ◽

Andrew M. Jones

Keyword(s):

Steady State ◽

Critical Speed ◽

Lactate Concentration ◽

Practical Interest ◽

Blood Lactate Concentration ◽

Distance Runners ◽

Severe Intensity ◽

The Stability ◽

Trained Runners ◽

Over Time

AbstractThe metabolic boundary separating the heavy-intensity and severe-intensity exercise domains is of scientific and practical interest but there is controversy concerning whether the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) or critical power (synonymous with critical speed, CS) better represents this boundary. We measured the running speeds at MLSS and CS and investigated their ability to discriminate speeds at which $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$ V ˙ O 2 was stable over time from speeds at which a steady-state $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$ V ˙ O 2 could not be established. Ten well-trained male distance runners completed 9–12 constant-speed treadmill tests, including 3–5 runs of up to 30-min duration for the assessment of MLSS and at least 4 runs performed to the limit of tolerance for assessment of CS. The running speeds at CS and MLSS were significantly different (16.4 ± 1.3 vs. 15.2 ± 0.9 km/h, respectively; P < 0.001). Blood lactate concentration was higher and increased with time at a speed 0.5 km/h higher than MLSS compared to MLSS (P < 0.01); however, pulmonary $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$ V ˙ O 2 did not change significantly between 10 and 30 min at either MLSS or MLSS + 0.5 km/h. In contrast, $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$ V ˙ O 2 increased significantly over time and reached $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2\,\,\max }$$ V ˙ O 2 max at end-exercise at a speed ~ 0.4 km/h above CS (P < 0.05) but remained stable at a speed ~ 0.5 km/h below CS. The stability of $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$ V ˙ O 2 at a speed exceeding MLSS suggests that MLSS underestimates the maximal metabolic steady state. These results indicate that CS more closely represents the maximal metabolic steady state when the latter is appropriately defined according to the ability to stabilise pulmonary $$\dot{V}{\text{O}}_{2}$$ V ˙ O 2 .

Download Full-text

Velocity of Oxygen Uptake Response at the Onset of Exercise: A Comparison Between Children After Cardiac Surgery and Healthy Boys

Pediatric Cardiology ◽

10.1007/s002469900385 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 17-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

R. Mocellin ◽

P. Gildein

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Oxygen Uptake Response

Download Full-text

Dietary Nitrate Influence on Oxygen Uptake Response to Pseudorandom Binary Sequence Cycling Protocols

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.04847 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Barry Scheuermann ◽

Tyler Falor ◽

Andrew Misko ◽

Jordan Monnier ◽

Britton Scheuermann

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Binary Sequence ◽

Dietary Nitrate ◽

Pseudorandom Binary Sequence ◽

Oxygen Uptake Response

Download Full-text

The influence of inspired oxygen on the oxygen uptake response to ramp exercise

European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology ◽

10.1007/bf00964117 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 72 (1-2) ◽

pp. 71-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Michael L. Walsh ◽

Eric W. Banister

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Ramp Exercise ◽

Oxygen Uptake Response ◽

Inspired Oxygen

Download Full-text

Effect of tapering after a period of high-volume sprint interval training on running performance and muscular adaptations in moderately trained runners

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00472.2017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 124 (2) ◽

pp. 259-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Casper Skovgaard ◽

Nicki Winfield Almquist ◽

Thue Kvorning ◽

Peter Møller Christensen ◽

Jens Bangsbo

Keyword(s):

Oxygen Uptake ◽

Short Duration ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Interval Training ◽

High Volume ◽

Running Economy ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Sprint Interval Training ◽

Before And After ◽

Trained Runners

The effect of tapering following a period of high-volume sprint interval training (SIT) and a basic volume of aerobic training on performance and muscle adaptations in moderately trained runners was examined. Eleven (8 men, 3 women) runners [maximum oxygen uptake (V̇o2max): 56.8 ± 2.9 ml·min−1·kg−1; mean ± SD] conducted high-volume SIT (HV; 20 SIT sessions; 8–12 × 30 s all-out) for 40 days followed by 18 days of tapering (TAP; 4 SIT sessions; 4 × 30 s all-out). Before and after HV as well as midway through and at the end of TAP, the subjects completed a 10-km running test and a repeated running test at 90% of vV̇o2max to exhaustion (RRT). In addition, a biopsy from the vastus lateralis muscle was obtained at rest. Performance during RRT was better ( P < 0.01) at the end of TAP than before HV (6.8 ± 0.5 vs. 5.6 ± 0.5 min; means ± SE), and 10-km performance was 2.7% better ( P < 0.05) midway through (40.7 ± 0.7 min) and at the end of (40.7 ± 0.6 min) TAP than after HV (41.8 ± 0.9 min). The expression of muscle Na+-K+-ATPase (NKA)α1, NKAβ1, phospholemman (FXYD1), and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium transport ATPase (SERCA1) increased ( P < 0.05) during HV and remained higher during TAP. In addition, oxygen uptake at 60% of vV̇o2max was lower ( P < 0.05) at the end of TAP than before and after HV. Thus short-duration exercise capacity and running economy were better than before the HV period together with higher expression of muscle proteins related to Na+/K+ transport and Ca2+ reuptake, while 10-km performance was not significantly improved by the combination of HV and tapering. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Short-duration performance became better after 18 days of tapering from ~6 wk of high-volume sprint interval training (SIT), whereas 10-km performance was not significantly affected by the combination of high-volume SIT and tapering. Higher expression of muscle NKAα1, NKAβ1, FXYD1, and SERCA1 may reflect faster Na+/K+ transport and Ca2+ reuptake that could explain the better short-duration performance. These results suggest that the type of competition should determine the duration of tapering to optimize performance.

Download Full-text