System, Environmental, and Policy Changes: Using the Social-Ecological Model as a Framework for Evaluating Nutrition Education and Social Marketing Programs with Low-Income Audiences

2001 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. S4-S15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Gregson ◽  
Susan B. Foerster ◽  
Robin Orr ◽  
Larry Jones ◽  
Jamie Benedict ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Social Marketing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals The relative contribution of layers of the Social Ecological Model to childhood obesity

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2055-2066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Punam Ohri-Vachaspati ◽  
Derek DeLia ◽  
Robin S DeWeese ◽  
Noe C Crespo ◽  
Michael Todd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Parental Perceptions ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social

AbstractObjectiveThe Social Ecological Model (SEM) has been used to describe the aetiology of childhood obesity and to develop a framework for prevention. The current paper applies the SEM to data collected at multiple levels, representing different layers of the SEM, and examines the unique and relative contribution of each layer to children’s weight status.DesignCross-sectional survey of randomly selected households with children living in low-income diverse communities.SettingA telephone survey conducted in 2009–2010 collected information on parental perceptions of their neighbourhoods, and household, parent and child demographic characteristics. Parents provided measured height and weight data for their children. Geocoded data were used to calculate proximity of a child’s residence to food and physical activity outlets.SubjectsAnalysis based on 560 children whose parents participated in the survey and provided measured heights and weights.ResultsMultiple logistic regression models were estimated to determine the joint contribution of elements within each layer of the SEM as well as the relative contribution of each layer. Layers of the SEM representing parental perceptions of their neighbourhoods, parent demographics and neighbourhood characteristics made the strongest contributions to predicting whether a child was overweight or obese. Layers of the SEM representing food and physical activity environments made smaller, but still significant, contributions to predicting children’s weight status.ConclusionsThe approach used herein supports using the SEM for predicting child weight status and uncovers some of the most promising domains and strategies for childhood obesity prevention that can be used for designing interventions.

scholarly journals Reflections Regarding the Social Ecological Model to Address Obesity in Southern California Youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany A. Lemus ◽  
Faviola Mercado ◽  
Tracy Bryars ◽  
Michele Mouttapa ◽  
Tracy Conkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social

Childhood overweight and obesity has been a significant public health concern in the United States for decades. School-based obesity prevention programs have been one strategy to address this issue. This article describes the implementation of a knowledge-based, healthy eating intervention delivered to 4th and 5th graders in a southern California school district. Trained graduate students implemented a nutrition education curriculum, consisting of three monthly lessons that would eventually be utilized and sustained by the schools’ Physical Education (PE) teachers in the following school year. As such, the intervention drew upon the Social Ecological Model (SEM) to describe how nutrition education could be implemented in a sustainable way to future generations of youth. Students were assessed on their knowledge and dietary behaviors at pre-test and after the final lesson. Students’ overall nutritional knowledge significantly increased from pre-test to post-test; however their self-reported eating behaviors (e.g., low fruit and vegetable consumption, and high consumption of chips, soda, and sweets) largely remained the same. Although the findings of this study were largely non-significant, we conclude that future interventions, which creatively address different levels of the target population’s environment, may have promise if they are sufficiently dosed.

scholarly journals Conceptualizing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people with opioid use disorder: an application of the social ecological model

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Cowan ◽  
Maria R. Khan ◽  
Siri Shastry ◽  
E. Jennifer Edelman
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Opioid Use Disorder ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in unparalleled societal disruption with wide ranging effects on individual liberties, the economy, and physical and mental health. While no social strata or population has been spared, the pandemic has posed unique and poorly characterized challenges for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). Given the pandemic’s broad effects, it is helpful to organize the risks posed to specific populations using theoretical models. These models can guide scientific inquiry, interventions, and public policy. Models also provide a visual image of the interplay of individual-, network-, community-, structural-, and pandemic-level factors that can lead to increased risks of infection and associated morbidity and mortality for individuals and populations. Such models are not unidirectional, in that actions of individuals, networks, communities and structural changes can also affect overall disease incidence and prevalence. In this commentary, we describe how the social ecological model (SEM) may be applied to describe the theoretical effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). This model can provide a necessary framework to systematically guide time-sensitive research and implementation of individual-, community-, and policy-level interventions to mitigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals with OUD.

Men Who Have Sex With Men and HIV Risk Behavior: Exploring the Influence of Masculinity Within the Social Ecological Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 511-533
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Hergenrather ◽  
Diona Emmanuel ◽  
Robert J. Zeglin ◽  
David J. Ruda ◽  
Scott D. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Hiv Risk Behavior ◽  
Bisexual Men ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sex With Men

In the United States, gay, bisexual men, and men who have sex with men (MSM) represent 86% of new HIV infections among males. Approximately 1 in 7 men with HIV are unaware of their HIV status (CDC, 2017, 2019a, 2020a). To explore influences on MSM HIV risk behavior, the authors performed a systematic review of quantitative studies conducted in the U.S. assessing what is purported as masculinity. From 30 identified studies, significant findings were framed within the Social Ecological Model (SEM) levels (e.g., Individual, Relationship, Community). SEM level themes were applied to create the Masculinity 10, a preliminary 10-item assessment to explore the influence of masculinity on MSM HIV risk behavior. To increase MSM engagement in HIV prevention and treatment, the influences of masculinity (e.g., attitude toward sexual minorities, appearance, emotion, temperament, substance use, sexual activity, social support, intimate relationships, health care) on HIV risk behavior should be further explored.

scholarly journals Higher education as a space for promoting the psychosocial well-being of refugee students

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odette Jack ◽  
Elaine Chase ◽  
Ian Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Refugee Students ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Health Promoting University ◽  
Health And Well Being

Objective: This study aimed to investigate how well a single higher education institution (HEI) was perceived to be meeting the psychosocial support needs of refugee students and to identify possible ways in which the HEI might better promote refugee students’ psychosocial well-being. Design: Adopting an exploratory, focused case study design, the research employed a qualitative interpretive approach utilising three data collection methods: narrative inquiry, Photovoice and key informant interviews. The social ecological model and the health-promoting university approach guided the enquiry and analysis. Setting: A single HEI in London, UK. Results: Refugee student-participants reported stressful and traumatic experiences at different points in their migratory experience. Participants were motivated by being involved in education but identified barriers to seeking institutional support to improve their health and well-being. Student-participants and staff identified ways in which support for refugee student well-being could be improved. Conclusion: Refugee students were found to have specific health and well-being support needs which were not met due to a range of organisational constraints. The social ecological model and the health-promoting university offer frameworks for HEIs to respond better to the diverse health and well-being needs of students.

Applying the Social Ecological Model to Explore HIV-Related Stigma in the Southeastern United States: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica L Richards ◽  
Renessa Williams ◽  
Nichole E Stetten ◽  
Shantrel S Canidate ◽  
Angel Algarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Model ◽  
Language Education ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Social Ecological Model ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Persons Living With Hiv ◽  
The Social ◽  
Related Stigma ◽  
Individual Knowledge

Abstract Background: Although evidence suggests HIV-related stigma directly affects health and behaviors, we have a limited understanding of stigma’s influence beyond the individual-level. We aimed to describe HIV-related stigma and strategies to reduce it in the Southeastern U.S. within the context of the social ecological model (SEM). Methods: Qualitative surveys were distributed in-person at community events, conferences, and via email to persons affected by HIV periodically over 8 months. The final sample size included 87 participants (33 persons living with HIV, 54 without HIV). A directed content analysis was used to code responses into five levels of the SEM (individual, interpersonal, community, institutional, and structural). Results: Multiple themes emerged within each level: Individual – knowledge, fear, internalization; Interpersonal – social network; Community – judgements, discrimination, community organizations, norms; Institutional – competent providers, healthcare services; and Structural – systemic barriers, language, education. Conclusions: The findings exemplify the need for a multi-level approach to intervene and reduce HIV-related stigma. Based on the experiences and suggestions of people affected by HIV, future interventions should include substantial consideration from persons affected by HIV.

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