Chapter 56 The Impact of Child Health and Nutrition on Education in Less Developed Countries

2007 ◽  
pp. 3561-3606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Glewwe ◽  
Edward A. Miguel
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Developing Knowledge of Supply Chain Resilience in Less-Developed Countries in the Pandemic Age

Logistics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
João M. Lopes ◽  
Sofia Gomes ◽  
Lassana Mané
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
The Impact

The constraints imposed by the pandemic COVID-19 increased the risks of the disruption of supply chains, bringing new challenges to companies. These effects were felt more intensely in less-developed countries, which are highly dependent on imports of products and raw materials. This study aims to assess the impact of supply chain resilience in a less-developed country (Guinea-Bissau) using complex adaptive system theory. We used a qualitative methodology through multiple case studies. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four companies. The semi-structured script contains questions about supply chain disruptions, vulnerabilities and resilience. The main results show that the companies in Guinea-Bissau, due to their dependence on the outside world and the absence of formal, larger and more diversified supply chains, suffered serious consequences with the disruption imposed by the pandemic. It was also concluded that the more resilient the supply chain, the fewer the impacts of crisis events and that the resilience of companies at this level depends on their obtaining competitive advantages over their competitors. The main practical implications of this study are the need to formalize the supply chain, diversify the supply of services and products of companies dependent on the exterior, adopt metrics that allow for the early detection of situations of supply chain disruption, effectively manage stocks and promote proactive crisis resolution strategies. Studies on the impact of resilience on supply chains in crises are scarce, especially on companies located in underdeveloped countries.

scholarly journals Why Evangelical Christians Are Supporting International Family Planning

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiley Henry Mosley
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Evangelical Christians ◽  
Christian Organizations ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
The World ◽  
And Child Health

The article by Monique and Jeffery Wubbenhorst asks the question—Should Evangelical Christian Organizations Support International Family Planning?1 The article’s response to this question shows a lack of understanding of the fundamentals of population dynamics in the modern world as well as of the critical role contraceptives play in preventing unintended pregnancies and abortions and promoting maternal and child health. These errors are compounded by selective citation and misrepresentation of the evidence in the scientific literature. This commentary seeks to provide a balanced view of the evidence and correct several unfounded assertions in order to document why evangelical Christians and Christian organizations are, in fact, providing family planning services around the world. Specific points addressed are as follows: fundamentals of the global demographic transition including how the contraceptive revolution has slowed world population growth; the social, economic, and cultural forces driving couples to choose to control their fertility for the welfare of their families; the critical role of contraceptive practice in preventing unintended pregnancies and abortions as well as directly promoting safe motherhood and child health; the evidence that women and couples in  less-developed countries desire to control their fertility as attested by the measurement of unmet need for family planning; and the reason why failing to provide poor women and couples in  less-developed countries who want to control their fertility with the information and contraceptive methods of their choice is likely to lead to unintended pregnancies and more abortions.  Christian health professionals and organizations need to be in the world, working with people of all belief systems, since that is a powerful way for the world to be reached with the love of Jesus and the gospel of salvation.

Modulating corruption and money laundering through the Bretton Woods Institutions: the case of less developed countries (LDCs)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ejike Ekwueme
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bretton Woods ◽  
Bretton Woods Institutions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soft Laws

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to readily bring to the fore, the vital dimension that the Bretton Woods Institutions, exemplified by both the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, has brought into the global economic template to dampen the momentum of corruption and money laundering through the impact of their activities in less developed countries (LDCs). The original mandate of the two institutions was to address the balance of payments and developmental issues of countries as a result of the devastating effects of the Second World War. However, this could not be achieved in an atmosphere engulfed with corruption and money laundering. As a result, it became necessary for them to intervene albeit through direct or indirect mechanisms demonstrated by the use of soft law bodies such as Basel Committee on Banking Supervisors (BCBS) and Financial Action Task Force (FATF). Design/methodology/approach This paper relies on primary legal documentations such as BCBS, FATF, articles of both IMF and World Bank to mention but a few in the analysis. The paper is doctrinal. Findings There is undoubtedly glaring indications that through the efforts of both IMF and the Bank, tremendous inroad has been made in LDCs in modulating the tempo of the malaise. Research limitations/implications This paper is addressed to the authorities that are concerned about the scourge of the malaise and the impact to pay more attention to the mechanisms of soft laws used by the Bretton Woods Institutions to get their anti-corruption message through in LDCs. Originality/value This lies on the fact that the efforts of both IMF and the Bank have awakened the importance that should be attached to some soft laws in curtailing the issues.

The Impact of Child Health and Nutrition on Education in Developing Countries: Theory, Econometric Issues, and Recent Empirical Evidence

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (2_suppl2) ◽  
pp. S235-S250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Glewwe
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
School Performance ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Retrospective Data ◽  
Education Outcomes ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Impact

Analysis of the impact of child health and nutrition on subsequent school performance is hampered by many difficulties. Research using retrospective data is complicated by the possibility that unobserved factors may determine both nutrition and education outcomes, which will generate correlation between these two outcomes that is not necessarily causal. Randomized trials offer a clearer method for identifying causal relationships, but they are relatively rare and encounter several difficulties in practice. This paper examines theory, estimation strategies, and recent empirical evidence to assess the current state of knowledge on the impact of child health and nutrition on education outcomes in developing countries.

scholarly journals Regional Perspective on R&D Policies for SMEs: Does Success Breed Success?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3846
Author(s):  
Sonja Radas ◽  
Andrea Mervar ◽  
Bruno Škrinjarić
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Crowding Out ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Community Innovation Survey ◽  
Eu Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regional Perspective

In this paper, we examine the effects of EU policy schemes that support innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises. Since the effectiveness of innovation schemes can be expected to differ across Europe as entrepreneurship and innovation tend to be more intense in more developed regions, we postulate that the effect of EU instruments on additionality increases with the level of development. We offer a multi-country perspective using two waves of Community Innovation Survey data (CIS 2008 and CIS 2012). We find that the impact of EU funding depends on the level of country’s innovativeness: both national and EU public schemes exhibit smaller additionality in less developed countries, while crowding-out is observed only in recently joined EU members.

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