OC.10.5 OBESITY AND HEAVY ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION ARE INDEPENDENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF COLORECTAL CANCER: A NESTED CASE-CONTROL STUDY

AbstractTo examine whether irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) was related to the future risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD), we conducted a nested case-control study in the Swedish total population including 56,564 PD cases identified from the Swedish Patient Register and 30 controls per case individually matched by sex and year of birth. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for having a prior diagnosis of IBS were estimated using conditional logistic regression. We furthermore conducted a cohort study using the Swedish Twin Registry following 3046 IBS patients identified by self-reported abdominal symptoms and 41,179 non-IBS individuals. Through Cox proportional hazard models, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for PD risk. In the nested case-control study, 253 (0.4%) PD cases and 5204 (0.3%) controls had a previous IBS diagnosis. IBS diagnosis was associated with a 44% higher risk of PD (OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.27–1.63). Temporal relationship analyses showed 53% and 38% increased risk of PD more than 5 and 10 years after IBS diagnosis, respectively. In the cohort analysis based on the Swedish Twin Registry, there was no statistically significantly increased risk of PD related to IBS (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 0.87–1.81). Our results suggest a higher risk of PD diagnosis after IBS. These results provide additional evidence supporting the importance of the gut–brain axis in PD.

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Association of proton pump inhibitors and concomitant drugs with risk of acute kidney injury: a nested case–control study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041543 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. e041543

Author(s):

Keiko Ikuta ◽

Shunsaku Nakagawa ◽

Kenji Momo ◽

Atsushi Yonezawa ◽

Kotaro Itohara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Case Control ◽

Renal Diseases ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess whether the combined use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or antibiotics (penicillins, macrolides, cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones) was associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI).DesignA nested case–control study.SettingA health insurance claims database constructed by the Japan Medical Data Center.ParticipantsPatients were eligible if they were prescribed a PPI, NSAID and antibiotic at least once between January 2005 and June 2017. The patients who were new PPI users and did not have any history of renal diseases before cohort entry were included (n=219 082). The mean age was 45 and 44% were women.InterventionsCurrent use of PPIs, NSAIDs, or antibiotics.Primary outcome measuresAcute kidney injury.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up of 2.4 (SD, 1.7) years, 317 cases of AKI were identified (incidence rate of 6.1/10 000 person-years). The current use of PPIs was associated with a higher risk of AKI compared with past PPI use (unadjusted OR, 4.09; 95% CI, 3.09 to 5.44). The unadjusted ORs of AKI for the current use of PPIs with NSAIDs, cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, compared with the current use of PPIs alone, were 3.92 (95% CI, 2.40 to 6.52), 2.57 (1.43 to 4.62) and 3.08 (1.50 to 6.38), respectively. The effects of concurrent use of PPIs with NSAIDs, cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones remain significant in the adjusted model. The analyses on absolute risk of AKI confirmed the results from the nested case–control study.ConclusionsConcomitant use of NSAIDs with PPIs significantly increased the risk for AKI. Moreover, the results suggested that concomitant use of cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones with PPIs was associated with increased risk of incident AKI.

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Alcohol-related breast cancer in postmenopausal women – effect of CYP19A1, PPARG and PPARGC1A polymorphisms on female sex-hormone levels and interaction with alcohol consumption and NSAID usage in a nested case-control study and a randomised controlled trial

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-016-2317-y ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Tine Iskov Kopp ◽

Ditte Marie Jensen ◽

Gitte Ravn-Haren ◽

Arieh Cohen ◽

Helle Molgaard Sommer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Randomised Controlled Trial ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Case Control ◽

Nsaid Usage ◽

Randomised Controlled ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Effect of Periodontitis and Scaling and Root Planing on Risk of Pharyngeal Cancer: A Nested Case—Control Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18010008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Ping-Ju Chen ◽

Yin-Yang Chen ◽

Chiao-Wen Lin ◽

Ying-Tung Yeh ◽

Han-Wei Yeh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Insurance ◽

Oropharyngeal Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Scaling And Root Planing ◽

Pharyngeal Cancer ◽

Root Planing ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

This study investigated the association between periodontitis and the risk of pharyngeal cancer in Taiwan. For this population-based nested case–control study using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database derived from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, we identified patients (n = 1292) who were newly diagnosed with pharyngeal cancer between 2005 and 2013 and exactly paired them with propensity score matched control subjects (n = 2584). Periodontitis and scaling and root planing (SRP) were identified before the index date. Pharyngeal cancer was subdivided into 3 subgroups on the basis of anatomic location: nasopharyngeal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, and hypopharyngeal cancer. A multiple conditional logistic regression model was applied to analyze the adjusted odds ratio (aOR). Periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of pharyngeal cancer (aOR, 1.57; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.17 to 2.10), especially oropharyngeal cancer (aOR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.07 to 4.60). We found a decreased risk of pharyngeal cancer in patients who had undergone SRP (aOR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.96). In conclusion, this study showed that periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of pharyngeal cancer and SRP exerted a protective effect against pharyngeal cancer. Our results suggest that treating periodontitis and performing SRP, which are modifiable factors in oral health, in clinical practice may provide an opportunity to decrease the disease burden of pharyngeal cancer in Taiwan.

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Association between blood transfusion and ventilator-associated events: a nested case-control study

Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology ◽

10.1017/ice.2021.178 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Wen Wang ◽

Qiao He ◽

Shichao Zhu ◽

Mingqi Wang ◽

Yan Kang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Incidence Density ◽

Cox Models ◽

Hospital System ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Healthcare Associated ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

Abstract Objectives: The association between blood transfusion and ventilator-associated events (VAEs) has not been fully understood. We sought to determine whether blood transfusion increases the risk of a VAE. Design: Nested case-control study. Setting: This study was based on a registry of healthcare-associated infections in intensive care units at West China Hospital system. Patients: 1,657 VAE cases and 3,293 matched controls were identified. Methods: For each case, 2 controls were randomly selected using incidence density sampling. We defined blood transfusion as a time-dependent variable, and we used weighted Cox models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for all 3 tiers of VAEs. Results: Blood transfusion was associated with increased risk of ventilator-associated complication-plus (VAC-plus; HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.22–1.77; P <.001), VAC-only (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01–1.65; P = .038), infection-related VAC-plus (IVAC-plus; HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.33–2.39; P < .001), and possible ventilator-associated pneumonia (PVAP; HR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.10–3.99; P = .024). Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion was also associated with increased risk of VAC-plus (HR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.08–1.65; P = .007), IVAC-plus (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.22–2.36; P = .002), and PVAP (HR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.17–5.28; P = .018). Compared to patients without transfusion, the risk of VAE was significantly higher in patients with RBC transfusions of >3 units (HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.25–2.40; P = .001) but not in those with RBC transfusions of 0–3 units. Conclusion: Blood transfusions were associated with increased risk of all tiers of VAE. The risk was significantly higher among patients who were transfused with >3 units of RBCs.

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Human oral microbiome and prospective risk for pancreatic cancer: a population-based nested case-control study

Gut ◽

10.1136/gutjnl-2016-312580 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 120-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 177

Author(s):

Xiaozhou Fan ◽

Alexander V Alekseyenko ◽

Jing Wu ◽

Brandilyn A Peters ◽

Eric J Jacobs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pancreatic Cancer ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Oral Microbiome ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Oral Microbiota ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Oral Pathogens ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

ObjectiveA history of periodontal disease and the presence of circulating antibodies to selected oral pathogens have been associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer; however, direct relationships of oral microbes with pancreatic cancer have not been evaluated in prospective studies. We examine the relationship of oral microbiota with subsequent risk of pancreatic cancer in a large nested case–control study.DesignWe selected 361 incident adenocarcinoma of pancreas and 371 matched controls from two prospective cohort studies, the American Cancer Society Cancer Prevention Study II and the National Cancer Institute Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. From pre-diagnostic oral wash samples, we characterised the composition of the oral microbiota using bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene sequencing. The associations between oral microbiota and risk of pancreatic cancer, controlling for the random effect of cohorts and other covariates, were examined using traditional and L1-penalised least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression.ResultsCarriage of oral pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, were associated with higher risk of pancreatic cancer (adjusted OR for presence vs absence=1.60 and 95% CI 1.15 to 2.22; OR=2.20 and 95% CI 1.16 to 4.18, respectively). Phylum Fusobacteria and its genus Leptotrichia were associated with decreased pancreatic cancer risk (OR per per cent increase of relative abundance=0.94 and 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99; OR=0.87 and 95% CI 0.79 to 0.95, respectively). Risks related to these phylotypes remained after exclusion of cases that developed within 2 years of sample collection, reducing the likelihood of reverse causation in this prospective study.ConclusionsThis study provides supportive evidence that oral microbiota may play a role in the aetiology of pancreatic cancer.

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Genetic Polymorphism of Glutathione S Transferases M1 and T1 in Indian Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2010/328408 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 28 (6) ◽

pp. 369-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Mohammad Asim ◽

Luqman A. Khan ◽

S. A. Husain ◽

Sajid Husain ◽

Manash P. Sarma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Liver Cancer ◽

Cigarette Smoking ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Smoking Habit ◽

Case Control ◽

Gstt1 Null Genotype ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Control Study

Objective:Our aim was to evaluate whether the association of GSTM1/T1 gene polymorphisms modifies the risk of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and what is its correlation with other predisposing risk factors like alcohol intake, cigarette smoking and hepatitis B and C infections.Study design/setting:It was a case-control study, included 254 HCC cases compared with 525 hospital-based age and sex matched cases of chronic liver disease without HCC as controls from Indian population. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were detected using conventional multiplex PCR method.Results:In this case-control study, we observed a positive correlation between age, HBV and HCV infection, smoking habit of > 20 packs/year, alcohol consumption of > 100 g/day and risk of liver cancer. We found significantly increased risk associated with GSTM1 null genotype (OR = 3.49; 95% CI = 2.52–4.84) as well as GSTT1 null genotype (OR = 3.12; 95% CI = 2.19–4.45), respectively. However, an increased risk of HCC was observed among heavy drinkers with GSTM1 (OR = 2.01; 95% CI = 1.11–3.66). Further, cigarette smoking showed a non-significant association with GSTT1 (OR = 1.49; CI = 0.69–3.25).Conclusion:Our results suggest that the variants in low penetrance gene such as GSTM1 and GSTT1 are associated with an increased liver cancer risk. Further, an influence of GSTM1/T1 null genotypes may contribute in the etiology of HCC in patients with higher cigarette and alcohol consumption.

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Antidepressant use during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a nested case–control study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025908 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e025908 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Maëlle Dandjinou ◽

Odile Sheehy ◽

Anick Bérard

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Gestational Diabetes ◽

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Index Date ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Antidepressant Use ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the association between antidepressant (AD) classes, types and duration of use during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Design and settingA nested case–control study was conducted within the Quebec Pregnancy Cohort (QPC), a Canadian provincial database which includes data on all pregnancies and children in Quebec from January 1998 to December 2015.Primary outcome measuresGestational diabetes mellitus.ParticipantsCases of GDM were identified after week 20 of pregnancy and randomly matched 1:10 to controls on gestational age at index date (ie, calendar date of GDM) and year of pregnancy. AD exposure was assessed by filled prescriptions between the beginning of pregnancy (first day of last menstrual period) and index date. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (aOR).ResultsAmong 20 905 cases and 209 050 matched controls, 9741 (4.2%) women were exposed to ADs. When adjusting for potential confounders, AD use was associated with an increased risk of GDM (aOR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.30); venlafaxine (aOR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.49) and amitriptyline (aOR 1.52, 95% CI 1.25 to 1.84) were also associated with an increased risk of GDM. Moreover, the risk of GDM was increased with longer duration of AD use, specifically for serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic ADs and combined use of two AD classes. No statistically significant association was observed for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.ConclusionThe findings suggest that ADs—and specifically venlafaxine and amitriptyline—were associated with an increased risk of GDM.

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