Assessing the Accuracy of Pregnant Women in Recalling Pre-Pregnancy Weight and Gestational Weight Gain

Abstract Objectives Pregnancy is associated with physiological alterations in insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. This study investigates the associations between pregestational body mass index (pBMI) and the rate of gestational weight gain (rGWG) in the second trimester with the biomarkers of lipid, fatty acids metabolism and insulin resistance. Methods Sixty nine pregnant women followed. The body weights of the pregnant women were measured and blood samples were obtained at 11–14th and 24–28th weeks of pregnancy. Glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, insulin levels and fatty acids were measured. Rate of GWG (kg/week) and The Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. The pregnant women were stratified according to their pBMI and the 2nd trimester rGWG. Results The rate of GWG was significantly higher for the group with pBMI<25, compared to the group with pBMI≥25 (p=0.024). Triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol were significantly increased in the second trimester compared with the first trimester. Palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, myristic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), total omega-6 (n − 6) and omega-3 (n − 3) fatty acid levels and n − 6/n − 3 ratio were significantly higher in the second trimester. Glucose was significantly decreased and insulin was increased in the second trimester. In the overweight/obese group; HOMA-IR, insulin, AA, palmitoleic acid and stearic acid were found to be high in comparison to the group with low/normal pBMI. No parameters were associated with rGWG. Conclusions The changes in lipid parameters, free fatty acids, insulin and HOMA-IR in the second trimester were compatible with the changes in lipid metabolism and the development of insulin resistance. Pregestational BMI was shown to have a stronger influence on lipid profile, insulin resistance, and fatty acids than rGWG.

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“What My Doctor Didn't Tell Me”: Examining Health Care Provider Advice to Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women on Gestational Weight Gain and Physical Activity

Women s Health Issues ◽

10.1016/j.whi.2012.09.004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (6) ◽

pp. e535-e540 ◽

Cited By ~ 98

Author(s):

Michael R. Stengel ◽

Jennifer L. Kraschnewski ◽

Sandra W. Hwang ◽

Kristen H. Kjerulff ◽

Cynthia H. Chuang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Care ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Health Care Provider ◽

Care Provider ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Provider Advice

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Gestational weight gain and medical outcomes of pregnancy

Obstetric Medicine ◽

10.1177/1753495x15591320 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 133-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Zachary M Ferraro ◽

Fernanda Contador ◽

Afaf Tawfiq ◽

Kristi B Adamo ◽

Laura Gaudet

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Medical Complications ◽

Medical Outcomes ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Pregnancy Weight

This narrative review discusses gestational weight gain (GWG) and medical outcomes of pregnancy, including metabolic, cardiovascular, respiratory, musculoskeletal and psychiatric systems. Taken as a whole, the available evidence shows that excessive GWG increases the risk of all medical complications of pregnancy, and negatively impacts the long-term health and weight of both mothers and their offspring. Briefly, interventions to encourage appropriate GWG are discussed and readers are directed to resources to facilitate discussion of pregnancy weight.

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Psychosocial Characteristics and Gestational Weight Change among Overweight, African American Pregnant Women

Obstetrics and Gynecology International ◽

10.1155/2012/878607 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Kelly C. Allison ◽

Brian H. Wrotniak ◽

Emmanuelle Paré ◽

David B. Sarwer

Keyword(s):

African American ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Binge Eating ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Depressed Mood ◽

Psychosocial Variable ◽

Night Eating ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Cognitive Restraint

Objectives. To describe psychosocial factors identified as contributors of weight gain in the general population and to examine the relationship between these factors and gestational weight gain among low socioeconomic status, African American, overweight pregnant women.Methods. African American women (n=120) with a pregravid body mass index≥25 kg/m2completed measures of eating, sleep, and depressed mood between 14 and 24 weeks of gestation. Weight was tracked. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and linear regression modeling were used to characterize the sample and examine predictors of gestational weight gain.Results. Four percent screened positive for night eating syndrome, with 32% consuming at least 25% of their daily caloric intake after dinner (evening hyperphagia). None met criteria for binge eating disorder; 4% reported occasional binge episodes. Cognitive restraint over eating was low. Participants slept 7.1 (SD=1.9) h per night and reported 4.3 (SD=3.6) awakenings per week; 18% reported some level of depressed mood. Night and binge eating were related to each other, sleep quality, and depressed mood. Eating due to cravings was the only psychosocial variable to predict gestational weight gain.Conclusions. Depressed mood, night eating, and nighttime awakenings were common in this cohort, while cognitive restraint over eating was low. Most psychosocial variables were not predictive of excess gestational weight gain.

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Development and Evaluation of a Theory-Based App for Managing Gestational Weight Gain for Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women: A Mixed-Method Pilot Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.30287 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ching-Fang Lee ◽

Li-Kang Chi ◽

Yvonne Hsiung ◽

Jian-Pei Huang ◽

Chun-Wei Chang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Mixed Method ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

Obese Women ◽

Healthy Behavior ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Methodological Guidelines

BACKGROUND Overweight and obese women’s excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) may be a health risk for both the mother and the fetus; excessive GWG leads to the retention of weight postpartum and thus obesity. Given the overwhelming number of existing pregnancy-related applications (apps), we lack only a few methodological guidelines for integrating theory, evidence and previously validated apps to help overweight and obese women manage their GWG during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE This two-phase study aimed to develop the MyHealthyWeight (MHW) app based on social-cognitive theory (SCT) and evaluate its effectiveness for overweight and obese women in helping prevent excessive GWG by enhancing adherence to optimal GWG goals and healthy behavior during pregnancy. METHODS First, we constructed and developed the MHW app based on SCT theory, and we later employed a mixed-method study to evaluate the effects of the app on overweight and obese pregnant women. RESULTS All participating overweight and obese pregnant women (100%) achieved their optimal GWG through increased self-efficacy and physical activity. Their total and moderate-intensity physical activity expenditures improved, while their sedentary and light-intensity levels of physical activity decreased. CONCLUSIONS This theory-based MHW app for weight management was greatly valued by the pregnant users. Its usefulness for health-care professionals in assisting overweight and obese pregnant women in preventing excessive GWG by promoting healthy behavior, in particular through physical exercise and a healthy diet, during pregnancy was also confirmed. CLINICALTRIAL NCT04553718

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