scholarly journals Association of school absence and exclusion with recorded neurodevelopmental disorders, mental disorders, or self-harm: a nationwide, retrospective, electronic cohort study of children and young people in Wales, UK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann John ◽  
Yasmin Friedmann ◽  
Marcos DelPozo-Banos ◽  
Aura Frizzati ◽  
Tamsin Ford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
School Absence ◽  
Self Harm

A systematic review into healthcare professionals’ attitudes towards self-harm in children and young people and its impact on care provision

2021 ◽  
pp. 136749352110144
Author(s):  
Lea Raquel Ribeiro Coimbra ◽  
Amy Noakes
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Educational Opportunities ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Impact Patient Care

Self-harming behaviours in children and young people are an alarming reality, with provision of effective treatment historically compromised. The present systematic literature review highlights attitudes displayed by healthcare professionals towards this health problem, providing valuable insight by analysing how these attitudes can impact patient care. Ten studies were included, allowing creation of a narrative synthesis of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods evidence. Six themes emerged: negativity, positivity, worry or fear, the emotional impact of working with these patients, professional roles and ward-dependent concerns. Overall, professional negativity towards this patient group, in the form of apprehensiveness, was accentuated by fear of worsening their symptoms. The attitude aforementioned impacts on treatment by hindering creation of meaningful therapeutic relationships. Educational opportunities that increase healthcare professionals’ knowledge of self-harm have the potential to provide invaluable power by promoting positive attitudes.

scholarly journals Modelling associations between neurocognition and functional course in young people with emerging mental disorders: a longitudinal cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob J. Crouse ◽  
Kate M. Chitty ◽  
Frank Iorfino ◽  
Joanne S. Carpenter ◽  
Django White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics of children and young people admitted to hospital with covid-19 in United Kingdom: prospective multicentre observational cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. m3249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia V Swann ◽  
Karl A Holden ◽  
Lance Turtle ◽  
Louisa Pollock ◽  
Cameron J Fairfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Observational Cohort Study ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Observational Cohort

Abstract Objective To characterise the clinical features of children and young people admitted to hospital with laboratory confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the UK and explore factors associated with admission to critical care, mortality, and development of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children and adolescents temporarily related to coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) (MIS-C). Design Prospective observational cohort study with rapid data gathering and near real time analysis. Setting 260 hospitals in England, Wales, and Scotland between 17 January and 3 July 2020, with a minimum follow-up time of two weeks (to 17 July 2020). Participants 651 children and young people aged less than 19 years admitted to 138 hospitals and enrolled into the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emergency Infections Consortium (ISARIC) WHO Clinical Characterisation Protocol UK study with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2. Main outcome measures Admission to critical care (high dependency or intensive care), in-hospital mortality, or meeting the WHO preliminary case definition for MIS-C. Results Median age was 4.6 (interquartile range 0.3-13.7) years, 35% (225/651) were under 12 months old, and 56% (367/650) were male. 57% (330/576) were white, 12% (67/576) South Asian, and 10% (56/576) black. 42% (276/651) had at least one recorded comorbidity. A systemic mucocutaneous-enteric cluster of symptoms was identified, which encompassed the symptoms for the WHO MIS-C criteria. 18% (116/632) of children were admitted to critical care. On multivariable analysis, this was associated with age under 1 month (odds ratio 3.21, 95% confidence interval 1.36 to 7.66; P=0.008), age 10-14 years (3.23, 1.55 to 6.99; P=0.002), and black ethnicity (2.82, 1.41 to 5.57; P=0.003). Six (1%) of 627 patients died in hospital, all of whom had profound comorbidity. 11% (52/456) met the WHO MIS-C criteria, with the first patient developing symptoms in mid-March. Children meeting MIS-C criteria were older (median age 10.7 (8.3-14.1) v 1.6 (0.2-12.9) years; P<0.001) and more likely to be of non-white ethnicity (64% (29/45) v 42% (148/355); P=0.004). Children with MIS-C were five times more likely to be admitted to critical care (73% (38/52) v 15% (62/404); P<0.001). In addition to the WHO criteria, children with MIS-C were more likely to present with fatigue (51% (24/47) v 28% (86/302); P=0.004), headache (34% (16/47) v 10% (26/263); P<0.001), myalgia (34% (15/44) v 8% (21/270); P<0.001), sore throat (30% (14/47) v (12% (34/284); P=0.003), and lymphadenopathy (20% (9/46) v 3% (10/318); P<0.001) and to have a platelet count of less than 150 × 10 9 /L (32% (16/50) v 11% (38/348); P<0.001) than children who did not have MIS-C. No deaths occurred in the MIS-C group. Conclusions Children and young people have less severe acute covid-19 than adults. A systemic mucocutaneous-enteric symptom cluster was also identified in acute cases that shares features with MIS-C. This study provides additional evidence for refining the WHO MIS-C preliminary case definition. Children meeting the MIS-C criteria have different demographic and clinical features depending on whether they have acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (polymerase chain reaction positive) or are post-acute (antibody positive). Study registration ISRCTN66726260.

scholarly journals Recent trends in the incidence of anxiety and prescription of anxiolytics and hypnotics in children and young people: An e-cohort study

2015 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. John ◽  
A.L. Marchant ◽  
J.I McGregor ◽  
J.O.A. Tan ◽  
H.A. Hutchings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Recent Trends

scholarly journals Poisoning substances taken by young people: a population-based cohort study

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (675) ◽  
pp. e703-e710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward G Tyrrell ◽  
Denise Kendrick ◽  
Kapil Sayal ◽  
Elizabeth Orton
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Young People ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Clinical Practice Research Datalink ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Harm Prevention ◽  
Rate Ratios

BackgroundGlobally, poisonings account for most medically-attended self-harm. Recent data on poisoning substances are lacking, but are needed to inform self-harm prevention.AimTo assess poisoning substance patterns and trends among 10–24-year-olds across EnglandDesign and settingOpen cohort study of 1 736 527 young people, using linked Clinical Practice Research Datalink, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality data, from 1998 to 2014.MethodPoisoning substances were identified by ICD-10 or Read Codes. Incidence rates and adjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRR) were calculated for poisoning substances by age, sex, index of multiple deprivation, and calendar year.ResultsIn total, 40 333 poisoning episodes were identified, with 57.8% specifying the substances involved. The most common substances were paracetamol (39.8%), alcohol (32.7%), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (11.6%), antidepressants (10.2%), and opioids (7.6%). Poisoning rates were highest at ages 16–18 years for females and 19–24 years for males. Opioid poisonings increased fivefold from 1998–2014 (females: aIRR 5.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 4.08 to 6.89; males: aIRR 5.11, 95% CI = 3.37 to 7.76), antidepressant poisonings three-to fourfold (females: aIRR 3.91, 95% CI = 3.18 to 4.80, males: aIRR 2.70, 95% CI = 2.04 to 3.58), aspirin/NSAID poisonings threefold (females: aIRR 2.84, 95% CI = 2.40 to 3.36, males: aIRR 2.76, 95% CI = 2.05 to 3.72) and paracetamol poisonings threefold in females (aIRR 2.87, 95% CI = 2.58 to 3.20). Across all substances poisoning incidence was higher in more disadvantaged groups, with the strongest gradient for opioid poisonings among males (aIRR 3.46, 95% CI = 2.24 to 5.36).ConclusionIt is important that GPs raise awareness with families of the substances young people use to self-harm, especially the common use of over-the-counter medications. Quantities of medication prescribed to young people at risk of self-harm and their families should be limited, particularly analgesics and antidepressants.

scholarly journals Sleep difficulties in children with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders: a systematic review of characteristics and associated factors

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Hibberd ◽  
Tony Charman ◽  
Raj Seraya Bhatoa ◽  
Sinem Tekes ◽  
Tammy Hedderly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Medication Use ◽  
Tic Disorders ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Chronic Tic Disorders ◽  
Sleep Difficulties

Abstract Sleep difficulties are common in children and young people with Tourette syndrome and chronic tic disorders (TS/CTD). However, it is unclear whether sleep problems can be considered typical of the TS/CTD phenotype or whether they reflect concomitant factors such as individual patient characteristics (e.g. medication use), underlying neurodevelopmental disorders and/or co-occurring psychiatric symptoms. To help address this question, this review systematically explored types and frequency of sleep problems in children and young people with TS/CTD, while also examining the heterogeneity and methodological quality of studies. Psycinfo, Ovid Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched using a range of terms relating to tics, sleep and co-occurring psychopathology. Studies were considered that included a sample of children with TS/CTD (n &gt; 5) for whom sleep difficulties were measured. Eighteen studies met criteria for inclusion in the review. Findings supported the high prevalence of sleep difficulties in children with TS/CTD, though estimates of sleep difficulties ranged from 9.7% to 80.4%. Twelve studies reported on other factors affecting sleep in this patient group including tic severity, comorbid psychopathological or neurodevelopmental disorders and medication use. Studies varied in terms of methodology, sample characteristics and research quality, but most concluded that children with TS/CTD experienced high levels of sleep difficulties with children with co-occurring anxiety most at risk. The current review highlights the need for further empirical investigation of sleep in children with TS/CTS, with a view to informing understanding and clinical management.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document