Age-related disease burden as a measure of population ageing

Background: The population is aging much faster in China than other low- and middle-income countries. With the accelerated aging of the population, incidence and disease burden of age-related diseases have also continued to increase. Exploring the burden of age-related diseases is crucial for early disease prevention, assessing the extent of population aging, and achieving the goal of healthy aging.Methods: We used the dataset from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), and selected data on incidence, prevalence, and disease burden in China, in 1997, 2007, and 2017. We classified age-related diseases, which were defined as diseases in which the incidence rate increased quadratically with age in the adult population. Additionally, we described the changes in age-related diseases during the study period by different GBD categories. It also measured changes in the age-related disease burden in our study period, including disability-adjusted life years (DALY), years of life lost (YLL), and years lived with disability (YLD). Finally, we compared the differences in the age-related disease burdens for men and women.Results: Among the 293 diseases listed in the GBD study, 69 in 2017, 78 in 1997 and 72 in 2007 were identified as age-related diseases. More than half of the age-related diseases belonged to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in our study period. The rate of age-standardized age-related disease burden decreased between 1997 and 2017. DALYs decreased by 24.89% for non-age-related diseases and by 50.15% in age-related diseases from 1997 to 2017. The age-related disease burden of men was higher than that of women; we found a decreasing trend, with −46.23% in men and −54.90% in women.Conclusions: Comparing characteristics of the aging population in China and the world, we found that China does not have the typical disease characteristics of aging society. Currently, China faces the dual threat of NCDs and communicable diseases, and NCDs account for the vast majority of the age-related disease burden. Our health systems should focus on disease prevention and early detection among the entire population, instead of treatment. Further studies should focus on reducing the duration and severity of morbidity in later life.

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Interorganellar Signaling in Age-Related Disease

10.1016/s1566-3124(00)x0003-x ◽

2001 ◽

Keyword(s):

Related Disease ◽

Age Related

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Genome-Wide Scan Informed by Age-Related Disease Identifies Loci for Exceptional Human Longevity.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726022589.793513482 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Manuel Corpas

Keyword(s):

Human Longevity ◽

Related Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Genome Wide Scan

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Genome-Wide Scan Informed by Age-Related Disease Identifies Loci for Exceptional Human Longevity.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726022589.793512583 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Gerd Kempermann

Keyword(s):

Human Longevity ◽

Related Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Genome Wide Scan

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Future Estimation of PM2.5-Related Disease Burden in China in 2020 and 2030 Based on Population and Air Quality Scenarios

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3235668 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Qing Wang ◽

Jiaonan Wang ◽

Jinhui Zhou ◽

Jie Ban ◽

Tiantian Li

Keyword(s):

Air Quality ◽

Disease Burden ◽

Related Disease

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Considerations for a Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine Targeting an Elderly Population

Vaccines ◽

10.3390/vaccines9060624 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 624

Author(s):

Laura M. Stephens ◽

Steven M. Varga

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Disease Burden ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Vaccine Development ◽

The Elderly ◽

The United States ◽

Susceptible Population ◽

Age Related ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

Tract Infections

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is most commonly associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in infants and children. However, RSV also causes a high disease burden in the elderly that is often under recognized. Adults >65 years of age account for an estimated 80,000 RSV-associated hospitalizations and 14,000 deaths in the United States annually. RSV infection in aged individuals can result in more severe disease symptoms including pneumonia and bronchiolitis. Given the large disease burden caused by RSV in the aged, this population remains an important target for vaccine development. Aging results in lowered immune responsiveness characterized by impairments in both innate and adaptive immunity. This immune senescence poses a challenge when developing a vaccine targeting elderly individuals. An RSV vaccine tailored towards an elderly population will need to maximize the immune response elicited in order to overcome age-related defects in the immune system. In this article, we review the hurdles that must be overcome to successfully develop an RSV vaccine for use in the elderly, and discuss the vaccine candidates currently being tested in this highly susceptible population.

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Rescuing Immunosenescence via Non-Specific Vaccination

Immuno ◽

10.3390/immuno1030015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 231-239

Author(s):

Alexander I. Mosa

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

The Elderly ◽

Short Review ◽

Functional Markers ◽

Healthy Life ◽

Related Disease ◽

Age Related ◽

Population Vulnerability ◽

Mechanistic Basis ◽

Promising Avenue

Discrepancies in lifespan and healthy-life span are predisposing populations to an increasing burden of age-related disease. Accumulating evidence implicates aging of the immune system, termed immunosenescence, in the pathogenesis of multiple age-related diseases. Moreover, immune dysregulation in the elderly increases vulnerability to infection and dampens pathogen-specific immune responses following vaccination. The health challenges manifesting from these age related deficits have been dramatically exemplified by the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Approaches to either attenuate or reverse functional markers of immunosenescence are therefore urgently needed. Recent evidence suggests systemic immunomodulation via non-specific vaccination with live-attenuated vaccines may be a promising avenue to at least reduce aged population vulnerability to viral infection. This short review describes current understanding of immunosenescence, the historical and mechanistic basis of vaccine-mediated immunomodulation, and the outstanding questions and challenges required for broad adoption.

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Genome and Epigenome Editing in Mechanistic Studies of Human Aging and Aging-Related Disease

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000452972 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 103-117 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Cia-Hin Lau ◽

Yousin Suh

Keyword(s):

Animal Models ◽

Genetic Manipulation ◽

Logic Gate ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Human Aging ◽

Aging Research ◽

Epigenome Editing ◽

Related Disease ◽

Age Related

The recent advent of genome and epigenome editing technologies has provided a new paradigm in which the landscape of the human genome and epigenome can be precisely manipulated in their native context. Genome and epigenome editing technologies can be applied to many aspects of aging research and offer the potential to develop novel therapeutics against age-related diseases. Here, we discuss the latest technological advances in the CRISPR-based genome and epigenome editing toolbox, and provide insight into how these synthetic biology tools could facilitate aging research by establishing in vitro cell and in vivo animal models to dissect genetic and epigenetic mechanisms underlying aging and age-related diseases. We discuss recent developments in the field with the aims to precisely modulate gene expression and dynamic epigenetic landscapes in a spatial and temporal manner in cellular and animal models, by complementing the CRISPR-based editing capability with conditional genetic manipulation tools including chemically inducible expression systems, optogenetics, logic gate genetic circuits, tissue-specific promoters, and the serotype-specific adeno-associated virus. We also discuss how the combined use of genome and epigenome editing tools permits investigators to uncover novel molecular pathways involved in the pathophysiology and etiology conferred by risk variants associated with aging and aging-related disease. A better understanding of the genetic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms underlying human aging and age-related disease will significantly contribute to the developments of new therapeutic interventions for extending health span and life span, ultimately improving the quality of life in the elderly populations.

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