Towards a Renaissance of Price Control in Contract Law? Preliminary Observations on COVID-19 and Price Regulation on the Consumer Market

To ease the fluctuation of hog prices and maintain the hog market’s stability, the central government of China has issued a series of hog price control policies. This paper, supplemented by co-word analysis and LDA thematic modeling, constructed 9 first-level indicators and 36 s-level indicators and used a PMC index model to conduct quantitative research on the selected 74 policies and regulations of China’s pig price regulation policies from July 2007 to April 2020. The research concludes that the research tool system of China’s hog price control is formed. The overall design of the hog price control policy is relatively reasonable, but there are still the following problems: the subject of China’s pig price control policy is singular, so it is difficult to form a resultant force; the policy pays attention to the price regulation in the short term, but ignores the long-term industrial structure adjustment; it emphasizes market supervision, but insufficient support for slaughtering and processing; it focuses on production and management to improve the development quality and efficiency of the pig industry, but does not take social equity into account. Finally, some policy suggestions are put forward: multi-department division of labor and close cooperation; adjusting the industrial structure of hog and carrying out appropriate large-scale breeding; establishing the operation mode of slaughtering and processing in the producing area to reduce the circulation cost of the pig industry; ensuring the consumption of pork by low-income groups and giving consideration to social efficiency and equity.

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Regulation of the domestic consumer market in the national economy

Economics ecology socium ◽

10.31520/2616-7107/2020.4.2-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 68-77

Author(s):

Olena Trokhymets ◽

Olga Galtsova ◽

Anatolii Livinskyi

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

State Regulation ◽

Price Regulation ◽

Behavioral Approach ◽

Market Regulation ◽

Conceptual Approach ◽

Consumer Market ◽

Goods And Services ◽

Fixed Prices ◽

Methodological Principles

Introduction. Socially significant goods and services is the complex that includes a certain list of food products, certain types of products present in the domestic consumer market, which are sold at fixed prices. The regulation of the market for socially oriented goods and services requires regulation of consumer behavior and an optimal behavioral approach, which can help to improve the well-being of the population. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological principles and conceptual provisions for the regulation of the domestic consumer market in terms of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine. Results. A conceptual approach to socially oriented goods and services has been developed for the better functioning of the domestic consumer market. At the same time, it is important to take into account that the approach is built taking into account the principles: accountability and responsibility, predictability, consistency and consistency: efficiency, adaptability, social justice. The mechanism of state regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services has been improved. The concept of state regulation of the market of socially oriented goods and services is presented. The process of implementing the concept should include full interaction of all elements of state regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services. The purpose of the concept is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological aspects of state regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine. Conclusion. A conceptual approach to the regulation of the market of socially oriented goods and services is presented, which consists in the application of all components, namely the legislative aspect, the economic aspect of market regulation of socially significant goods and services taking into account factors influencing the regulation of domestic consumer market and legislative aspects of price regulation for socially oriented goods and services. The concept presents three components of socially oriented goods and services. State regulation is applied to each of the components (price regulation, regulation of the industry – in some industries, which are producers and suppliers of socially oriented goods and services, natural monopolies operate). Compliance principles of market regulation of socially oriented goods and services would ensure the appropriate and rational consumption of the goods by the population.

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Does price regulation affect atorvastatin sales in India? An impact assessment through interrupted time series analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024200 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. e024200

Author(s):

Sakthivel Selvaraj ◽

Habib Hasan Farooqui ◽

Aashna Mehta

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Time Series Analysis ◽

Market Share ◽

Drug Price ◽

Interrupted Time Series ◽

Price Control ◽

Price Regulation ◽

Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽

Series Analysis ◽

The Impact

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the impact of medicines price regulation (Drug Price Control Order, 2013) on the market share of atorvastatin in the Indian retail market for statins.SettingAll Indian states, January 2012 to December 2015.DesignQuasi-experimental—interrupted time series analysis.DataPharmaceutical sales audit data set from IMS Health (now IQVIA) for the 48-month period from January 2012 to December 2015.Outcome measureShare of atorvastatin (in percentage) in the Indian market for statins in terms of sales volumes.ResultsWe observed that the price regulation notification (Drug Price Control Orders, 2013) was associated with 0.12% (p<0.001; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.18) increase in the trend of the average monthly market share of atorvastatin (5 mg and 10 mg). After 31 months of price ceilings notification, the average market share of atorvastatin was 3.41% higher than would have been expected had the price ceilings not been notified. In sensitivity analysis, with a control, our findings remain robust, we observed a 0.16% (p<0.001; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.24) rise in the trend of average monthly market share of atorvastatin (5 mg and 10 mg) as compared with the change in the control.ConclusionsPrice control as a public intervention did improve the relative sales of atorvastatin in the statin market in India.

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Constitutional Law in 1943–44

American Political Science Review ◽

10.2307/1949187 ◽

1945 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 293-308

Author(s):

Robert E. Cushman

Keyword(s):

Constitutional Law ◽

Federal District ◽

Price Control ◽

Price Regulation ◽

District Court ◽

Total List ◽

National Power ◽

Insurance Business ◽

Set Up ◽

War Power

There were no changes in the personnel of the Court during the 1943 term. Disagreement amongst the justices mounted sharply. In seventeen cases, four justices dissented; three dissented in twenty others. Two cases overruled previous decisions of the Court, bringing to twenty-four the total list of reversals since 1937. One of the two recent reversals, that in the very important case holding the insurance business to be interstate commerce, was effected by a minority of the justices, who divided four-to-three.A. Questions of National Power1. The war PowerConstitutionality of Wartime Price Control and Rationing. In a group of cases, the Court came to grips with the constitutionality and construction of the Emergency Price Control Act of 1942. The most important of these was Yakus v. United States, involving a conviction in a federal district court in Massachusetts for a violation of the maximum prices fixed by the O.P.A. on the sale of wholesale cuts of beef. Yakus refused to obey the price regulation, declined to follow the procedure made available in the statute for protesting against it, and attempted in his criminal trial to challenge the validity of the price regulations and of the statute on which they rested. This he was not permitted to do. Speaking through Chief Justice Stone, the Gourt held the Emergency Price Control Act to be valid, not only in its substantive regulations, but also in the procedures set up for its enforcement. The Court's opinion dealt with four points.

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Price Regulation and Its Effect on Marketing: The Case of the Mobile Telecommunications Sector in Korea

Korean Journal of Policy Studies ◽

10.52372/kjps21211 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 205-216

Author(s):

Minchul Kim

Keyword(s):

Price Competition ◽

Service Industry ◽

Service Providers ◽

Price Control ◽

Price Regulation ◽

Mobile Service ◽

Competitive Pressure ◽

Mobile Telecommunications ◽

Marketing Activities ◽

Marketing Intensity

This paper studies the relationship between price regulation and marketing intensity in the Korean mobile telecommunications service industry, a sector in which direct retail price controls are imposed by the regulatory authority. Facing such price regulations, mobile service providers in Korea seem to have focused on non-price competition in their marketing activities, such as handset subsidies. The findings show that marketing intensity escalates after a price control is implemented until the next price control is imposed. This is a sign of strong competitive pressure even under the legal ban on handset subsidies in Korea. When strong competitive pressure exists and prices are regulated, restrictions on marketing may not work well.

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