scholarly journals Comparative dietary intake and sources of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) among British adults in 1986–7 and 2000–1

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 1105-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Thane ◽  
Caroline Bolton-Smith ◽  
W. Andy Coward
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Regional Difference ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Food Content ◽  
Occupational Social Class ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Specific Food

Using data from 7 d weighed dietary records, dietary intake and sources of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) were examined by socio-demographic and lifestyle factors in 1916 participants aged 16–64 years from the 1986–7 Dietary and Nutritional Survey of British Adults, and 1423 participants aged 19–64 years from the 2000–1 National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Using UK-specific food content data, geometric mean phylloquinone intakes were estimated as 72 (95 % CI 70, 74) and 67 (95 % CI 65, 69) μg/d in 1986–7 and 2000–1 respectively (P < 0·001). In 1986–7, 47 % of participants had phylloquinone intakes below the UK guideline for adequacy ( ≥ 1 μg/kg body weight per d), compared with 59 % in 2000–1 (P < 0·001). In both surveys, daily phylloquinone intake was higher among men than women and increased significantly with age. Participants of manual occupational social class, or who were smokers, had lower phylloquinone intake than their counterparts. Participants living in Scotland and northern England had lower phylloquinone intake than those living elsewhere in mainland Britain, particularly in 1986–7 when the contribution from vegetables was also lower than elsewhere. However, by 2000–1 this regional difference was no longer significant. Overall, vegetables contributed 63 % of phylloquinone intake in 1986–7 and 60 % in 2000–1, with cooked leafy green vegetables (LGV) providing 23 and 19 % respectively. In both surveys, the contribution of vegetables (cooked LGV in particular) was directly associated with age. These data show a decrease in phylloquinone intake from 1986–7 to 2000–1, mainly owing to lower consumption of cooked LGV.

scholarly journals Intake and sources of phylloquinone (vitamin K1): variation with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors in a national sample of British elderly people

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Thane ◽  
A. A. Paul ◽  
C. J. Bates ◽  
C. Bolton-Smith ◽  
A. Prentice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Current Guideline ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Food Content ◽  
Specific Food

Intake and sources of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) were examined according to socio-demographic and lifestyle factors in free-living British people aged 65 years and over, from the 1994–5 National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Complete 4-d weighed dietary records were obtained from 1152 participants living in private households. Using newly-available, mainly UK-specific food content data, the weighted geometric mean intake of phylloquinone was estimated at 65 (95 % CI 62, 67) μg/d for all participants, with higher intakes in men than in women (70 v. 61 μg/d respectively, P<0·01). The mean nutrient densities of phylloquinone intake were 9·3 and 10·5 μg/MJ for men and women respectively (P<0·01), after adjusting for age group, region and smoking status. Of all the participants, 59 % had phylloquinone intakes below the current guideline for adequacy of 1 μg/kg body weight per d. Participants aged 85 years and over, formerly in manual occupations, or living in Scotland or in northern England reported lower phylloquinone intakes than their comparative groups. Overall, vegetables contributed 60 % of total phylloquinone intake, with cooked green vegetables providing around 28 % of the total. Dietary supplements contributed less than 0·5 % of phylloquinone intake. Participants living in northern England or in Scotland, in particular, derived less phylloquinone from vegetables than those living in southern England.

scholarly journals Associations between added sugars and micronutrient intakes and status: further analysis of data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey of Young People aged 4 to 18 years

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Gibson ◽  
Alison Boyd
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Transferrin Saturation ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Plasma Selenium ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact

Added sugars are often viewed as ‘empty calories’, negatively impacting micronutrient intakes, yet reviews consider the evidence inconclusive. This study aimed to quantify associations between dietary added sugars (as a percentage of energy) and micronutrient intake and biochemical status in the National Diet and Nutrition Survey. Using data from 1688 British children aged 4–18 years who completed 7 d weighed dietary records in 1997, micronutrient intakes were examined across quintiles of added sugars. After excluding low energy reporters, mean dietary intakes of most nutrients exceeded the reference nutrient intake, except for zinc. Compared with quintile 1 (9 % added sugars), high consumers in quintile 5 (23 % added sugars) had micronutrient intakes ranging from 24 % lower to 6 % higher (mean 14 % lower). Zinc intakes in quintile 1 v. quintile 5 averaged 93 % v. 78 % of reference nutrient intake; magnesium 114 % v. 94 %; iron 115 % v. 100 %; and vitamin A 111 % v. 92 %, respectively. Plasma levels of magnesium, zinc and carotenoids did not vary across quintiles, but weak negative correlations were observed with serum ferritin and transferrin saturation. Plasma selenium was inversely correlated with added sugars (r − 0·17; P < 0·0001) but there was no association with glutathione peroxidase. The impact of added sugars on micronutrient intakes appears modest overall but may have relevance for children consuming inadequate amounts of nutrient-rich foods coupled with a diet high in added sugars (approximately 23 %). Further work is needed to explore the impact of different sources of added sugars and to refine assessments of inadequate intakes and status.

scholarly journals Comparative whole-grain intake of British adults in 1986–7 and 2000–1

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 987-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Thane ◽  
Angela R. Jones ◽  
Alison M. Stephen ◽  
Christopher J. Seal ◽  
Susan A. Jebb
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Interquartile Range ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Occupational Social Class ◽  
Manual Occupation ◽  
Grain Foods

Epidemiological evidence suggests that higher consumption of whole-grain foods can significantly reduce the risk of chronic diseases such as CVD, type 2 diabetes and some cancers. The present study compares whole-grain intake of 2086 adults aged 16–64 years from the 1986–7 Dietary and Nutritional Survey of British Adults with that of 1692 adults aged 19–64 years from the 2000–1 National Diet and Nutrition Survey. For each survey, whole-grain intake was estimated from consumption of all foods containing ≥ 10 % whole-grain content (as DM/fresh weight of food) from 7 d weighed dietary records. In 1986–7, median whole-grain intake was 16 (interquartile range 0–45) g/d v. 14 (interquartile range 0–36) g/d in 2000–1 (P < 0·001). In 1986–7, 77 % of adults had less than three 16 g amounts of whole-grain intake/d; 25 % reported no whole-grain intake. In 2000–1, corresponding percentages were 84 and 29 %, respectively. Foods with < 51 % whole-grain content provided 18 % of whole-grain intake in 1986–7 v. 27 % in 2000–1 (P < 0·001). In both surveys, whole-grain intake was significantly lower among adults with a manual v. non-manual occupation (indicative of lower socio-economic status) and among smokers v. non-smokers, independent of occupational social class. In 1986–7, whole-grain breakfast cereals and wholemeal bread contributed 28 and 48 % of whole-grain intake, respectively, v. 45 and 31 % in 2000–1. At each time, one-third of adults consumed neither of these two largest contributors to whole-grain intake. Findings from the present study suggest that whole-grain intake of British adults was low in 1986–7 and became even lower over the subsequent decade.

scholarly journals Whole-grain intake of British young people aged 4–18 years

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Thane ◽  
A. R. Jones ◽  
A. M. Stephen ◽  
C. J. Seal ◽  
S. A. Jebb
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head Of Household ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk

Inverse associations between whole-grain food consumption and risk of CVD, some cancers and type 2 diabetes have been reported. However, there are few reports of whole-grain intake, particularly among young people. The objective of the present study was to estimate whole-grain intake in a nationally representative sample of young people aged 4–18 years living in Great Britain. Whole-grain intake was estimated using 7d weighed dietary records from 1583 young people who participated in the cross-sectional National Diet and Nutrition Survey in 1997. Whole-grain intake was quantified from the consumption of all foods containing ≥10% whole-grain content. Median whole-grain intake was 7g/d (interquartile range 0–19g/d), with a corresponding mean of 13 (sd18) g/d. Intake was significantly lower among young people whose head of household had a manual occupation, but did not differ significantly by sex, age, region or season. There was no whole-grain intake for 27% of participants. The percentages for less than one and less than three 16g amounts of whole-grain intake per d were 70 and 94, respectively, while corresponding percentages based on 20g amounts were 76 and 97. Foods with <51% whole-grain content provided 28% of whole-grain intake overall, with a higher percentage in older adolescents. The main sources of whole-grain intake were breakfast cereals (56%) and bread (25%). The present study provides the first quantification of absolute whole-grain intake from all significant food sources in any representative age group in the UK. Although there is some debate regarding the quantity of whole grains required for good health, whole-grain intake among British young people is low.

scholarly journals Associations between frequency of yogurt consumption and nutrient intake and diet quality in the United Kingdom

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Neha Jain ◽  
Norton Holschuh ◽  
Jessica Smith
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Little is known on the association between frequency of yogurt consumption and dietary intake in the United Kingdom (UK). The aim of the present study was to examine associations between frequency of yogurt consumption and dietary outcomes in children (n 1912, age 9⋅6 ± 0⋅1 years, 51 % boys) and adults (n 2064, age 48⋅7 ± 0⋅5 years, 49 % men) using cross-sectional data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey rolling programme year 7 to year 9 (2014/15–2016/17). The frequency of yogurt consumption was determined by the number of days with yogurt reported in 4-d food diaries and participants were classified as non-eaters, occasional eaters (1–2 d of consumption) or regular eaters (3–4 d of consumption). Dietary outcomes were estimated from food diaries. The frequency of yogurt consumption was positively associated with intake of key vitamins and minerals such as thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin C, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iodine in both children and adults (all P < 0⋅0018), as well as higher intake of total dairy (P < 0⋅0001 for both children and adults). Regular yogurt eaters were more likely to meet or exceed nutrient recommendations for vitamins and minerals such as vitamin A, riboflavin, folate, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc and iodine (all P < 0⋅001). Diet quality was positively associated with frequency of yogurt consumption in children (P = 0⋅045) and adults (P < 0⋅001). No association between yogurt consumption and free sugar intake was found (P = 0⋅49 for children and P = 0⋅29 for adults). The study suggests that frequency of yogurt consumption is associated with better dietary intake and diet quality in children and adults in the UK.

scholarly journals Free and Added Sugar Consumption and Adherence to Guidelines: The UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2014/15–2015/16)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birdem Amoutzopoulos ◽  
Toni Steer ◽  
Caireen Roberts ◽  
David Collins ◽  
Polly Page
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Free Sugar ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Monitoring dietary intake of sugars in the population’s diet has great importance in evaluating the efficiency of national sugar reduction programmes. The study objective was to provide a comprehensive assessment of dietary sources of added and free sugars to assess adherence to public health recommendations in the UK population and to consider the impact of different sugar definitions on monitoring. The terms “added sugar” and “free sugar” are different sugar definitions which include different sugar components and may result in different sugar intakes depending on the definition. Dietary intake of added sugars, free sugars and seven individual sugar components (sugar from table sugar; other sugars; honey; fruit juice; fruit puree; dried fruit; and stewed fruit) of 2138 males and females (1.5–64 years) from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) 2014–2016, collected using a 4 day estimated food diary, were studied. Added and free sugar intake accounted for 7% to 13% of total energy intake respectively. Major sources of free sugar intake were “cereals and cereal products”, “non-alcoholic beverages”, and “sugars, preserves, confectionery”. Differences between added and free sugar intake were significantly large, and thus use of free sugar versus added sugar definitions need careful consideration for standardised monitoring of sugar intake in relation to public health.

scholarly journals Associations between free sugars and nutrient intakes among children and adolescents in the UK

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (7) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Gibson ◽  
Lucy Francis ◽  
Katie Newens ◽  
Barbara Livingstone
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Free Sugars ◽  
Nutrient Density ◽  
Dietary Records ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Positive Results

AbstractThis study explored associations between free sugars intake (using non-milk extrinsic sugars as proxy) and nutrient intakes among children aged 1·5–18 years in the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008–2012. Dietary records were completed by 2073 children (95 % completed 4 d). Mean free sugars intakes (% energy) were 11·8, 14·7 and 15·4 % in the 1·5–3, 4–10 and 11–18 years age groups, respectively. Nutrient intakes and nutrient density were compared across quintiles (Q1–Q5) of free sugars intake (% energy) within each age group. Energy intake rose from Q1 to Q5 of free sugars, whereas percentages of energy intake from fat, SFA and protein dropped. Associations with micronutrients (mg/d or mcg/d) were mostly non-significant, but among 11–18-year-olds there were significant negative associations with Zn, Se, Fe, Cu, and vitamin A and D. There were stronger negative associations with micronutrient density (mg/mcg per 4·18 MJ) for most nutrients in all age groups. Associations with vitamin C were positive. Results were similar after excluding misreporters. Children aged 4–18 years who consumed average amounts of free sugars or above (>13 % energy or Q3–Q5) had lower diet quality than those consuming <10 % free sugars (Q1), but there were insufficient data to assess diets with 5 % free sugars. High consumers obtained a higher proportion of free sugars from soft drinks, fruit juice and sugar confectionery and less from breakfast cereals. Ultimately, nutrient intakes depend on the total dietary pattern; however, reducing overconsumption of sugary foods and drinks with low nutrient density may help improve diet quality.

scholarly journals Examination of dietary intake of UK preschool children by varying carers: Evidence from the 2008-2016 UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
C. Marr ◽  
P. Breeze ◽  
S.J. Caton
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
Eating Occasion ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Food And Nutrition ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Early years caregivers can play a key role in young children’s eating and the prevention of childhood obesity. The UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) is a large representative survey collecting detailed food and nutrition consumption data. Using these data, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between dietary intake of preschool children in the UK aged two to four years old and accompanying adult/s. Nutrition consumption data from 1,218 preschool children from years one to eight of the NDNS (2008 to 2016) were accessed. Dietary data was captured using three or four day estimated food diaries. Regression analyses were performed to explore the association between dietary intake and accompanying adult. There were significant differences in consumption when children were not accompanied by their parents. Compared to when children were with parents, children consumed significantly more energy (15kcal, 95% CI 7-23kcal) sodium (−19mg, 95% CI 6-32mg), added sugars (0.6g, 95% CI 0.1-1.1g), vegetables (3g, 95% CI 1-4g), total grams (12g, 95% CI 3-21g) and saturated fat (0.2g, 95% CI 0.1-0.4g) per eating occasion when accompanied by wider family. When children were accompanied by a formal carer they consumed significantly less added sugars (−1.6g, 95% CI −2.4-0.8g) and more fruit (12g, 95% CI 3-21g) per eating occasion than when they were with their parents. The results demonstrate that non-parental caregivers might be an important target to promote healthy eating in young children. Further research is needed to establish which caregivers would benefit most.

scholarly journals Validation of the BATT score for prehospital risk stratification of traumatic haemorrhagic death: usefulness for tranexamic acid treatment criteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francois-Xavier Ageron ◽  
Timothy J. Coats ◽  
Vincent Darioli ◽  
Ian Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Brier Score ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Tranexamic acid reduces surgical blood loss and reduces deaths from bleeding in trauma patients. Tranexamic acid must be given urgently, preferably by paramedics at the scene of the injury or in the ambulance. We developed a simple score (Bleeding Audit Triage Trauma score) to predict death from bleeding. Methods We conducted an external validation of the BATT score using data from the UK Trauma Audit Research Network (TARN) from 1st January 2017 to 31st December 2018. We evaluated the impact of tranexamic acid treatment thresholds in trauma patients. Results We included 104,862 trauma patients with an injury severity score of 9 or above. Tranexamic acid was administered to 9915 (9%) patients. Of these 5185 (52%) received prehospital tranexamic acid. The BATT score had good accuracy (Brier score = 6%) and good discrimination (C-statistic 0.90; 95% CI 0.89–0.91). Calibration in the large showed no substantial difference between predicted and observed death due to bleeding (1.15% versus 1.16%, P = 0.81). Pre-hospital tranexamic acid treatment of trauma patients with a BATT score of 2 or more would avoid 210 bleeding deaths by treating 61,598 patients instead of avoiding 55 deaths by treating 9915 as currently. Conclusion The BATT score identifies trauma patient at risk of significant haemorrhage. A score of 2 or more would be an appropriate threshold for pre-hospital tranexamic acid treatment.

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