Brain imaging in functional psychiatric disorders of the elderly

1994 ◽  
pp. 377-388
Author(s):  
Robert Howard ◽  
Barbara Beats
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
The Elderly

Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

A Memory Clinic at a Geriatric Hospital: A Report on 577 Patients Assessed with the CAMDEX Over 9 Years

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe A. Stratford ◽  
Dina Logiudice ◽  
Leon Flicker ◽  
Roslyn Cook ◽  
Wendy Waltrowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Cognitive Screening ◽  
Memory Clinic ◽  
Mental Test Score ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Icd 10

Objective: To report 9 years’ experience of an Australian memory clinic using the Cambridge Mental Disorders in the Elderly Examination (CAMDEX) assessment schedule, summarizing patient demographics, diagnoses at presentation and the utility of four instruments used in distinguishing patients with and without dementia. Methods: All patients seen at the clinic between December 1989 and September 1998 were assessed using the CAMDEX. Diagnoses were determined according to criteria of the International Classification of Diseases, tenth edition (ICD-10). Results: The mean age of 577 patients seen was 72.9 years and 60.8% were female. Over 40% fulfilled ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for dementia in Alzheimer's disease. A further 24% had another dementing illness. Only 28 patients were ‘normal’. There was no significant difference in the ability of the 107-item Cambridge cognitive examination, the 30-item mini-mental state examination, the 10-item abbreviated mental test score and the 26-item informant questionnaire on cognitive decline in the elderly to differentiate dementia patients from those who were normal or had functional psychiatric disorders. The four cognitive screening tools had high correlations with one another (r = −0.57 to 0.93). Conclusion: Patient demographics and diagnoses were similar to those found in other clinics. Most people who attended the memory clinic had significant cognitive or psychiatric disorders.

S3-1 Chronic pain and psychiatric disorders: Brain imaging research of somatoform disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (10) ◽  
pp. e246
Author(s):  
Junya Matsumoto ◽  
Wataru Toda ◽  
Shuntaro Aoki ◽  
Shuntaro Itagaki ◽  
Itaru Miura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Brain Imaging ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Imaging Research

scholarly journals The application of tDCS in psychiatric disorders: a brain imaging view

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Baeken ◽  
Jerome Brunelin ◽  
Romain Duprat ◽  
Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Brain Imaging

Do Benzodiazepines Still Deserve a Major Role in The Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders? A Critical Reappraisal

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dell’osso ◽  
M. Lader
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Therapeutic Index

AbstractDiscovered in the late 1950s by Leo Sternbach, the first benzodiazepine (BZD) chlordiazepoxide was followed by several congeners, which rapidly constituted one of the largest and most widely prescribed classes of psychotropic compounds. After 50 years, BZDs are still routinely utilized not only in psychiatry but, more generally, in the whole of medicine. Despite their high therapeutic index which makes BZDs safer than other compounds like barbiturates, as well as their rapidity of onset, psychiatrists and family physicians are well aware about the controversy that surrounds the wide use – often not adequately based on scientific evidence – of BZDs in many psychiatric disorders. In this overview of international treatment guidelines, systematic reviews and randomized clinical trials, the aim was to provide a critical appraisal of the current use and role of BZDs in psychiatric disorders and their disadvantages, with specific emphasis on anxiety and affective disorders, sleep disorders, alcohol withdrawal, violent and aggressive behaviours in psychoses, and neuroleptic-induced disorders. In addition, specific emphasis has been given to the extent of usage of BZDs and its appropriateness through the assessment of available international surveys. Finally, the entire spectrum of BZD-related adverse effects including psychomotor effects, use in the elderly, paradoxical reactions, tolerance and rebound, teratologic risk, dependence, withdrawal and abuse issues was examined in detail.

The Effectiveness of Services and Treatment in Psychogeriatrics

1990 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Draper
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Potential Effectiveness ◽  
Formal Evaluation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Acute Psychiatric Treatment

The future development of new psychogeriatric services in Australia may well depend upon the demonstration of their potential effectiveness and efficiency. Descriptive accounts of effective services provide ample guidelines, although formal evaluation is lacking. Examining the major psychiatric disorders of the elderly shows that most are functional. Effective acute psychiatric treatment is available for these. In dementia cases, effective therapies exist for the reduction of secondary behavioural disabilities in the sufferer and the stress on carers. Adequately resourced comprehensive psychogeriatric services would be best equipped to deliver such treatments.

The epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in the elderly

1993 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Livingston ◽  
A. C. Hinchliffe
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
The Elderly

The Brixton Spatial Anticipation Test as a test for executive function: Validity in patient groups and norms for older adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
ESTHER VAN DEN BERG ◽  
GUDRUN M. S. NYS ◽  
AUGUSTINA M. A. BRANDS ◽  
CARLA RUIS ◽  
MARTINE J. E. VAN ZANDVOORT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Learning Effects ◽  
Korsakoff’S Syndrome ◽  
Early Dementia ◽  
Korsakoff's Syndrome ◽  
Patient Groups

AbstractImpairments in executive functioning frequently occur after acquired brain damage, in psychiatric disorders, and in relation to aging. The Brixton Spatial Anticipation Test is a relatively new measure for assessing the ability to detect and follow a rule, an important aspect of executive functioning. To date, normative data on this task are limited, particularly concerning the elderly. This study presents age- and education-adjusted regression-based norms obtained in a group of healthy older participants (n = 283; mean age 67.4 ± 8.5 years). The applicability and validity of these norms were further examined in different groups of patients with stroke (n = 106), diabetes mellitus (n = 376), MCI/early dementia (n = 70), psychiatric disorders (n = 63), and Korsakoff’s syndrome (n = 41). The results showed that patients with Korsakoff’s syndrome, stroke, and psychiatric disorders performed significantly worse than healthy controls. Test-retest correlation (n = 83), learning effects, and correlations with other neuropsychological tests were also explored. Based on the present study, the Brixton test appears a useful addition to existing measures of executive functioning. Moreover, the test can be reliably applied in different groups of clinical patients. (JINS, 2009, 15, 695–703.)

Functional Psychiatric Disorders of the Elderly

1995 ◽  
Vol 152 (9) ◽  
pp. 1394-a-1395
Author(s):  
SUSAN K. SCHULTZ
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
The Elderly

scholarly journals Valproic Acid-Induced Myoclonus in a Demented Patient: A Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina M. Gardner ◽  
Rehan Aziz ◽  
Sunanda Muralee ◽  
Rajesh R. Tampi
Keyword(s):  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Demented Patient ◽  
Behavioral Disturbances ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Complications

Valproic acid and its derivatives are now commonly used to treat various psychiatric disorders in the elderly. Data indicates that the elderly patients are more susceptible to developing neuropsychiatric complications when treated with these medications. In this report, we describe the case of a 66-year-old woman with early-onset, Alzheimer's type dementia, who developed myoclonus when treated with a valproic acid preparation for behavioral disturbances associated with the dementia.

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