scholarly journals Making Managers in Latin America: The Emergence of Executive Education in Central America, Peru, and Colombia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Rolv Petter Amdam ◽  
Carlos Dávila
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Business Schools ◽  
Business History ◽  
Executive Education ◽  
Top Managers ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

Executive education programs offered by business schools became a global phenomenon for developing top managers in the 1960s. These programs were established in more than 40 countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America in less than two decades. This article explores the phenomenon in three different Latin American contexts: Central America, Peru, and Colombia. In all these cases, initiatives led to successful executive programs, which contributed to the growth of business schools that gradually achieved high international reputation. By studying the way that various U.S. actors interacted differently with local actors in the three cases, the article contributes to three discussions within business history: the history of Americanization, management education, and the alternative business history of emerging markets.

FARC, Shining Path, and Guerillas in Latin America

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Becker
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Guerrilla Warfare ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Grassroots Organizing ◽  
Guerrilla Movements ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

Armed insurrections are one of three methods that the left in Latin America has traditionally used to gain power (the other two are competing in elections, or mass uprisings often organized by labor movements as general strikes). After the triumph of the Cuban Revolution in 1959, guerrilla warfare became the preferred path to power given that electoral processes were highly corrupt and the general strikes too often led to massacres rather than a fundamental transformation of society. Based on the Cuban model, revolutionaries in other Latin American countries attempted to establish similar small guerrilla forces with mobile fighters who lived off the land with the support of a local population. The 1960s insurgencies came in two waves. Influenced by Che Guevara’s foco model, initial insurgencies were based in the countryside. After the defeat of Guevara’s guerrilla army in Bolivia in 1967, the focus shifted to urban guerrilla warfare. In the 1970s and 1980s, a new phase of guerrilla movements emerged in Peru and in Central America. While guerrilla-style warfare can provide a powerful response to a much larger and established military force, armed insurrections are rarely successful. Multiple factors including a failure to appreciate a longer history of grassroots organizing and the weakness of the incumbent government help explain those defeats and highlight just how exceptional an event successful guerrilla uprisings are.

Connecting Central America to the Southern Cone: The Chilean and Argentine Response to the Nicaraguan Revolution of 1979

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-579
Author(s):  
Molly Avery
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Central America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Nicaraguan Revolution ◽  
Violent Conflicts

AbstractThe history of the Cold War in Latin America in the 1970s is commonly split into two episodes: the establishment of anticommunist dictatorships and the ensuing repression across the Southern Cone in the early and middle decade, and the Nicaraguan Revolution and the eruption of violent conflicts across Central America at its close. By exploring the Chilean and Argentine response to the Nicaraguan Revolution, this article brings these two episodes together, demonstrating how they were understood to belong to one and the same ideological conflict. In doing so, it highlights the importance of the revolution in the Chilean and Argentine perception of the Cold War and explores how the Sandinista triumph directly shaped Southern Cone ideas about US power and the communist threat, also prompting reflection on their own ‘models’ for anticommunist governance. Both regimes responded by increasing their support for anticommunist forces in Guatemala and El Salvador, often conducting this aid through a wider transnational and clandestine network. This article contributes to new understandings of the nature of Latin American anticommunism in this period, challenges traditional understandings of external involvement in Central America, and demonstrates the need to understand events in Latin America in this period in their full regional context.

Business History in Latin America: A Historiographical Perspective

2008 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Inés Barbero
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Business History ◽  
American Business ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
National Differences ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
New Research

In this survey of the trajectory of Latin American business history, the focus is on its development over the course of the past twenty years, when the discipline began to be recognized as a field of specialization within historical studies. The first section is a consideration of the origins of business history in Latin America, from the 1960s to 1985. The second section, covering 1985 to the present, is an analysis of the institutionalization of Latin American business history as research expanded and practitioners in the field began to adopt a more professional approach to their work. In the third section, the focus is on the topics that have attracted the most attention during the previous two decades, identifying research trends that have transcended national differences as well as some notable traits of Latin American business. The last section, a consideration of how Latin America can contribute both to business history and to comparative studies, concludes with proposals for a new research agenda.

scholarly journals Latin america school of business taught (LASBT): an initial reflexion

Telos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-666
Author(s):  
Oscar Javier Montiel Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Business History ◽  
Management Innovation ◽  
American School ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global Research

Enough. Is it time for the constitution of a Latin American School of Business Taught? To found it. To have our position. What contributions has Latin America made theoretically and empirically in Business, in the academic literature of Creativity, Management, Innovation, Entrepreneurship, Family Business, Business History, and other related disciplines? Where are we positioned in the history of global research and academic debates?

scholarly journals Movimento de Reconceituação e Serviço Social argentino

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Berta Moljo ◽  
José Fernando Siqueira da Silva ◽  
Roberto Zampani
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Latin American ◽  
History Of ◽  
America Latina ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
History Of Social Work

Resumo – O presente artigo debate o Serviço Social argentino entre as décadas de 1960 a 1980. Além disso, analisa o processo de Reconceituação na Argentina e seus dilemas no conjunto do Movimento de Reconceituação latino-americano, analisando-o no contexto da mundialização capitalista-monopolista tardia e suas expressões na América Latina. Palavras-Chave: Reconceituação; história do Serviço Social; Argentina.   Abstract – This article discusses Argentine social work from the 1960s to the 1980s. It analyses the process of Reconceptualization in Argentina as part of the Latin American movement of Reconceptualization in the context of late monopolist-capitalist globalization and its expressions in Latin America. Keywords: reconceptualization; history of social work; Argentina.

Archival Sources for Latin American Business History

1985 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Blinn Reber
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business History ◽  
American Business ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
History Of ◽  
Source Materials

Since the Business History Review's special issue on Latin America twenty years ago, many articles and monographs have been published utilizing archival sources. An examination of many of these studies and experience in archives suggest that the historian of Latin American business must use a variety of sources to study individual firms and the relationships between business and the national societies in which they operate. In this essay Professor Reber discusses eight types of archives found in the United States, Latin America, Great Britain, France, and Spain which hold manuscripts of interest to those studying both the economic and business history of Latin America. She also offers advice about bibliographic aids, guides, and, briefly, printed primary source materials useful in supplementing the often hard-to-find archival data.

Labor Movements in Latin America

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico M. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Labor Movements ◽  
Relational Approach ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
History Of ◽  
American Labor

The history of Latin America cannot be understood without analyzing the role played by labor movements in organizing formal and informal workers across urban and rural contexts.This chapter analyzes the history of labor movements in Latin America from the nineteenth to the twenty-first centuries. After debating the distinction between “working class” and “popular sectors,” the chapter proposes that labor movements encompass more than trade unions. The history of labor movements is analyzed through the dynamics of globalization, incorporation waves, revolutions, authoritarian breakdowns, and democratization. Taking a relational approach, these macro-dynamics are studied in connection with the main revolutionary and reformist strategic disputes of the Latin American labor movements.

Freedom Tide? Ideology, Politics, and the Origins of Democracy Promotion in U.S. Central America Policy, 1980–1984

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Reagan Administration ◽  
Democracy Promotion ◽  
The Political ◽  
History Of ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Dramatic Shift

The Reagan administration came to power in 1981 seeking to downplay Jimmy Carter's emphasis on human rights in U.S. policy toward Latin America. Yet, by 1985 the administration had come to justify its policies towards Central America in the very same terms. This article examines the dramatic shift that occurred in policymaking toward Central America during Ronald Reagan's first term. Synthesizing existing accounts while drawing on new and recently declassified material, the article looks beyond rhetoric to the political, intellectual, and bureaucratic dynamics that conditioned the emergence of a Reaganite human rights policy. The article shows that events in El Salvador suggested to administration officials—and to Reagan himself—that support for free elections could serve as a means of shoring up legitimacy for embattled allies abroad, while defending the administration against vociferous human rights criticism at home. In the case of Nicaragua, democracy promotion helped to eschew hard decisions between foreign policy objectives. The history of the Reagan Doctrine's contentious roots provides a complex lens through which to evaluate subsequent U.S. attempts to foster democracy overseas.

Language as a Key to Latin American Historiography

1955 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-539
Author(s):  
Richard M. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
New World ◽  
Old World ◽  
History Of

Latin americanists have in recent years become increasingly concerned with constructing the basis for a unified history of Latin America. Frequently this enterprise leads them to contemplate the even larger design of a history of the Americas. While the New World may still be, in Hegel’s words, “a land of desire for all those who are weary of the historical lumber-room of old Europe,” it is now recognized as having an independent heritage; its history is no longer experienced as “only an echo of the Old World.”

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