Patient Involvement in Healthcare-Associated Infection Research: A Lexical Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 710-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Dadich ◽  
Mary Wyer
Keyword(s):  
Patient Involvement ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Healthcare Research ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Patient Expertise ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
Healthcare Associated

OBJECTIVEThis review examines patient involvement in healthcare-associated infection (HAI) research. Healthcare-associated infections represent an intractable issue with considerable implications for patients and staff. Participatory methodologies that involve patients in healthcare research are associated with myriad benefits.DESIGNLexical review.METHODSPubMed was searched to identify all publications on patient involvement in HAI research since 2000; publications were also identified from the cited references. A lexical analysis was conducted of the methods sections of 148 publications.RESULTSThe findings reveal that HAI research that actively involves patients and members of the public is limited.CONCLUSIONSPatient involvement is largely limited to recruitment to HAI studies rather than extended to patient involvement in research design, implementation, analysis, and/or dissemination. As such, there is considerable opportunity to further this important research area via alternative methodologies that award primacy to patient expertise and agency.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:710–717

Laws Pertaining to Healthcare-Associated Infections: A Review of 3 Legal Requirements

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Reagan ◽  
Carl Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Infect Control Hosp ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Us States ◽  
The Public ◽  
Data Submission ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Healthcare Associated

We reviewed US state and territorial healthcare-associated infection (HAI) laws, specifically addressing 3 legal requirements: data submission, reporting of data to the public, and inclusion of facility identifiers in public reports. The majority of US states and territories have HAI laws. The 3 studied legal provisions are all commonly included in state HAI laws in varying forms; however, only a minority of states and territories specifically mandate all 3 legal requirements. The laws of the remaining states vary considerably.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2012;33(1):75-80

Mycobacteriosis as a Healthcare-Associated Infection: A Review of Epidemiologic Studies

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
IV Petrov ◽  
TKh Amirova ◽  
LV Petrova ◽  
FS Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mycobacterial Infection ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Introduction: Healthcare-associated infections are of great socio-economic importance and are characterized by a large number of different pathogens. Nontuberculous mycobacteria are ubiquitous microorganisms that can circulate in a medical organization. The purpose of this review of epidemiologic studies was to establish the main features of mycobacteriosis as a healthcare-associated infection, taking into account the significance of the results and the compliance of the reviewed studies with the criteria of evidence-based medicine. Methods: We did a key word search for “nontuberculous mycobacteria”, “healthcare-associated infections”, and “mycobacteriosis” in several electronic bibliographic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, eLIBRARY, and ResearchGate and selected 127 out of 342 search results. Having analyzed the selected articles, we decided to include 34 of them in this study according to the topic of work. We established that nontuberculous mycobacteria can be found in various objects of health facilities, e.g. water supply systems, medical products and equipment. We also found that mycobacterial infection of nosocomial etiology could have various clinical manifestations (arthritis, keratitis, circulatory and skin diseases, etc.) determined by various aspects, such as heterogeneity of the group of nontuberculous mycobacteria, portals of entry (surgical procedures on various organs and systems of the human body, etc.), pathways of exposure and transmission factors. Resistance of nontuberculous mycobacteria to a number of disinfectants is a special question defining the importance of profound research in terms of ensuring sanitary and anti-epidemic (disinfection) safety within health facilities. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that mycobacterial infection can be considered as a healthcare-associated infection requiring an in-depth assessment from various perspectives including a microbiological monitoring of medical objects, statistical accounting of nosocomial infections, and clinical alertness in the diagnosis of mycobacteriosis by attending physicians and bacteriologists, etc.

Climate change and employment relations

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 670-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Goods
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Employment Relations ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Workplace Relations ◽  
Important Research Area

A central, yet overlooked, aspect of contemporary employment relations is the growing impact climate change is having on workplace relations. This research note outlines how climate change and workplace relations are linked, the minimal academic focus this important research area has received and the limited response from employment relations actors to the climate change challenge. Some examples of ‘climate bargaining’ are given to demonstrate both the connection between employment relations and climate change and to provide possible models for meaningfully advancing climate change actions in the workplace.

scholarly journals The Use of Literary Texts in EFL Coursebooks: An Exploratory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Shaima Al-Saeed ◽  
Abdullah A. Alenezi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Higher Learning ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Institutions Of Higher Learning ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
And Linguistics

This exploratory study investigates the use of literary texts in English as a foreign language (EFL) coursebooks and examines the extent to which literature is used within the coursebooks, the types of texts used as regards authenticity and recency, the criteria for selecting and adapting the texts and the ways of improving the selection and adaptation process. Multiple articles written on this subject show that the evaluation of EFL coursebooks is a relevant and important research area in the study of language and linguistics. This study gives a survey of the extent to which literary texts are used in EFL coursebooks within institutions of higher learning in Kuwait and worldwide. In this study, 44 popular EFL coursebooks (between 2015 and 2019) within higher education institutes, including those in Kuwait, were analysed. The findings demonstrated that literary texts are not included in many of the coursebooks used nowadays and that the literary texts selected were primarily from an early period (more than a century ago). Furthermore, the results revealed that the coursebooks include a large percentage of inauthentic, ill-adapted works. Consequently, this study recommends incorporating authentic literary texts in EFL coursebooks comprising modern literature.

scholarly journals Exploring status consumption in South Africa: a literature review

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkosivile Welcome Madinga ◽  
Eugine Tafadzwa Maziriri ◽  
Thobekani Lose
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Status Consumption ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
The Status ◽  
Goods Market ◽  
Status Goods ◽  
Important Research Area

South Africa is one of the most important countries in the status goods market. In addition, it has the biggest share from the status consumption market in Africa and it is amongst fastest growing countries worldwide in status consumption. The growth in status consumption in South Africa is attributed to the growth of the high-income and middle-income groups. As the demand for status increases and status goods become more available, the concept of status has become an important research area for academics and marketers. The aim of this study is to explore the concept of status consumption and provide an overview of status consumption. In this study, the literature has been reviewed for the studies on the same subject to make a compilation

Formation of Multiple-Robots Using Vision Based Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 419 ◽  
pp. 768-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayanjargal Baasandorj ◽  
Aamir Reyaz ◽  
Batmunkh Battulga ◽  
Deok Jin Lee ◽  
Kil To Chong
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mobile Robot ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Multiple Robots ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Communication Device ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
Bluetooth Communication

Multi-robots system has grown enormously with a large variety of topics being addressed. It is an important research area within the robotics and artificial intelligence. By using the vision based approach this paper deals with the formation of multiple-robots. Three NXT robots were used in the experiment and all the three robots work together as one virtual mobile robot. In addition to these things we also used TCP/IP socket, ArToolKit, NXT robot, Bluetooth communication device. And for programming C++ was used. Results achieved from the experiment were highly successful.

Decoding the coupling between the brain and skin reactions in auditory stimulation by information-based analysis of EEG and GSR signals

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Najmeh Pakniyat ◽  
Hamidreza Namazi
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Skin Resistance ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Skin Reactions ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Information Contents ◽  
Important Research Area ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
The Brain

BACKGROUND: The analysis of brain activity in different conditions is an important research area in neuroscience. OBJECTIVE: This paper analyzed the correlation between the brain and skin activities in rest and stimulations by information-based analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) and galvanic skin resistance (GSR) signals. METHODS: We recorded EEG and GSR signals of eleven subjects during rest and auditory stimulations using three pieces of music that were differentiated based on their complexity. Then, we calculated the Shannon entropy of these signals to quantify their information contents. RESULTS: The results showed that music with greater complexity has a more significant effect on altering the information contents of EEG and GSR signals. We also found a strong correlation (r= 0.9682) among the variations of the information contents of EEG and GSR signals. Therefore, the activities of the skin and brain are correlated in different conditions. CONCLUSION: This analysis technique can be utilized to evaluate the correlation among the activities of various organs versus brain activity in different conditions.

How Can We Trust Agents in Multi-Agent Environments? Techniques and Challenges

2009 ◽  
pp. 2843-2864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kostas Kolomvatsos ◽  
Stathes Hadjiefthymiades
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Software Components ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Agent Systems ◽  
Potential Partner ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Important Research Area

The field of Multi-agent systems (MAS) has been an active area for many years due to the importance that agents have to many disciplines of research in computer science. MAS are open and dynamic systems where a number of autonomous software components, called agents, communicate and cooperate in order to achieve their goals. In such systems, trust plays an important role. There must be a way for an agent to make sure that it can trust another entity, which is a potential partner. Without trust, agents cannot cooperate effectively and without cooperation they cannot fulfill their goals. Many times, trust is based on reputation. It is an indication that we may trust someone. This important research area is investigated in this book chapter. We discuss main issues concerning reputation and trust in MAS. We present research efforts and give formalizations useful for understanding the two concepts.

scholarly journals Surveillance of healthcare-associated infections in a Tunisian university hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Hannachi ◽  
A Ben Cheikh ◽  
S Bhiri ◽  
H Ghali ◽  
S Khefacha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Independent Risk Factors ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Abstract Introduction Healthcare -associated infections has become a worldwide public health problem. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of healthcare- associated infections in a university hospital of Tunisia. Methods This was a cohort study conducted in six intensive care units in a university hospital of Tunisia during three months (from august to October 2018). Data was provided from patients’ files. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Multivariate analysis was used in order to identify independent risk factors for healthcare associated infection. Results A total of 202 patients were enrolled in this study. The incidence rate of healthcare-associated infections was 53,96%(109/202). The ratio infection/infected was estimated to 1.65(109/66). The incidence of multi-drug resistant pathogens was 21,28% (43/202). The most common resistant pathogens included pseudomonas aeruginosa resistant to cefdazidime in 13,76%(15/109) followed by those resistant to extended spectrum cephalosporin 11.92% (13/109), followed by carbapenem-resistant acinetobcater baumanii 6,42%(7/109) then by carbapenem resistant pathogens and enterococcus resistant to vancomycin 2.75%(3/109) and finally staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin 2.1%(2/1.83). The multivariate analysis showed that long duration of central line catheterisation (RR = 7.44; 95%CI[2.79-19.82]), tracheotomy(RR = 8.61;95%CI[2.09-35,39]) and length of stay (RR = 1.08; 95%CI[1.04-1.13]) were found as independent risk factors for healthcare -associated infection. Conclusions The emergence of mutli-drug resistant pathogens needs to be deeply studied and effective measures have to be taken in order to detect and prevent transmission of resistant strains and/or their resistance determinants, especially those with phenotypes having the fewest viable treatment options. Key messages The incidence of healthcare associated infection in the intensive care unit was high. Effective measures have to be taken in the intensive care unit to detect and prevent transmission of resistant pathogens.

Preventability of hospital onset bacteremia and fungemia: A pilot study of a potential healthcare-associated infection outcome measure

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymund B. Dantes ◽  
Clare Rock ◽  
Aaron M. Milstone ◽  
Jesse T. Jacob ◽  
Sheri Chernetsky-Tejedor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Potential Measure ◽  
Healthcare Associated

AbstractHospital-onset bacteremia and fungemia (HOB), a potential measure of healthcare-associated infections, was evaluated in a pilot study among 60 patients across 3 hospitals. Two-thirds of all HOB events and half of nonskin commensal HOB events were judged as potentially preventable. Follow-up studies are needed to further develop this measure.

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