scholarly journals Short- and long-term reliability of adult recall of vegetarian dietary patterns in the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2)

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia C. Teixeira Martins ◽  
Karen Jaceldo-Siegl ◽  
Jing Fan ◽  
Pramil Singh ◽  
Gary E. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Overlap Population ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Adventist Health Study

AbstractPast dietary patterns may be more important than recent dietary patterns in the aetiology of chronic diseases because of the long latency in their development. We developed an instrument to recall vegetarian dietary patterns during the lifetime and examined its reliability of recall over 5·3 and 32·6 years on average. The short-term/5-year recall ability study (5-RAS) was done using 24 690 participants from the cohort of the Adventist Health Study-2 (mean age 62·2 years). The long-term/33-year recall ability study (33-RAS) included an overlap population of 1721 individuals who joined the Adventist Health Study-1 and Adventist Health Study-2 (mean age 72·5 years). Spearman correlation coefficients for recall of vegetarian status were 0·78 and 0·72 for the 5-RAS and 33-RAS, respectively, when compared with ‘reference’ data. For both time periods sensitivity and positive predictive values were highest for the lacto-ovo-vegetarian and non-vegetarian patterns (vegans, lacto-ovo-vegetarians, pesco-vegetarians, semi-vegetarians and non-vegetarians). In the 5-RAS analyses, male, non-black, younger, and more educated participants, lifetime Adventists, and those with more stability of consumption of animal products generally showed higher recall ability. Somewhat similar tendencies were shown for the 33-RAS analyses. Our findings show that the instrument has higher reliability for recalled lacto-ovo-vegetarian and non-vegetarian than for vegan, semi- and pesco-vegetarian dietary patterns in both short- and long-term recalls. This is in part because these last dietary patterns were greatly contaminated by recalls that correctly would have belonged in the adjoining category that consumed more animal products.

scholarly journals The association between soya consumption and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone concentrations in the Adventist Health Study-2

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1464-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Tonstad ◽  
Karen Jaceldo-Siegl ◽  
Mark Messina ◽  
Ella Haddad ◽  
Gary E Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Soya Protein ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
White Ethnicity ◽  
High Consumption ◽  
Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Adventist Health Study

AbstractObjectiveConsumers may choose soya foods as healthful alternatives to animal products, but concern has arisen that eating large amounts of soya may adversely affect thyroid function. The present study aimed to examine the association between soya food consumption and serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations in North American churchgoers belonging to the Seventh-day Adventist denomination that encourages vegetarianism.DesignParticipants completed six repeated 24 h dietary recalls within a 6-month period. Soya protein and soya isoflavone intakes were estimated, and their relationships to TSH concentrations measured at the end of 6 months were calculated using logistic regression analyses.SettingCalibration sub-study of the Adventist Health Study-2.SubjectsWomen (n 548) and men (n 295) who were not taking thyroid medications.ResultsIn men, age and urinary iodine concentrations were associated with high serum TSH concentrations (>5 mIU/l), while among women White ethnicity was associated with high TSH. In multivariate models adjusted for age, ethnicity and urinary iodine, soya isoflavone and protein intakes were not associated with high TSH in men. In women higher soya isoflavone consumption was associated with higher TSH, with an adjusted odds ratio (highest v. lowest quintile) of 4·17 (95 % CI 1·73, 10·06). Likewise, women with high consumption of soya protein (midpoint of highest quintile, 11 g/d) v. low consumption (midpoint of lowest quintile, 0 g/d) carried increased odds of high TSH (OR=2·69; 95 % CI 1·34, 5·30).ConclusionsIn women high consumption of soya was associated with elevated TSH concentrations. No associations between soya intake and TSH were found in men.

Abstract P077: Differences and Similarities in Dietary Pattern and Nutrient Profiles between the Sexes and Blacks and Whites. The Adventist Health Study 2

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico S Rizzo ◽  
Karen Jaceldo-Siegl ◽  
Gary Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blacks And Whites ◽  
Adventist Health Study

Objective: To describe the associations between dietary patterns with nutrient intakes differentiated by sex and race. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 71751 subjects (mean age 59 years, 65% female, 76% white) from the Adventist Health Study 2. Participants completed a 204-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Five dietary patterns were established: non vegetarian, semi vegetarians, pesco vegetarians, lacto ovo vegetarians and strict vegetarians. ANCOVA and linear regression analysis were used to determine differences of nutrient intakes by dietary patterns. Non-dietary variables, such as age, smoking and physical activity were taken into account and associations between dietary pattern and BMI were compared. Analysis was repeated by stratifying for sex and race. Results: Strict vegetarians had the lowest BMI, with graded higher BMI levels for dietary patterns with greater fractions of animal plant protein, total fat and saturated fatty acids but similar total caloric intakes. Mean nutrient intake was more dissimilar across dietary pattern than between the sexes or blacks and whites. In general nutrient intakes were more similar between males and females than between blacks and whites with blacks revealing a strikingly higher percentage of non vegetarians than whites. Supplement intakes were often markedly higher in females than in males and higher in whites than in blacks with mean micronutrient intakes for all dietary patterns being well above the estimated average requirements for American adults in both sexes and blacks and whites. Conclusions: All groups met current American nutrient requirements. Nutrient intakes varied more markedly between dietary pattern than between sex or race. Lower BMI levels were associated with dietary patterns characterized by higher plant food intake despite generally similar caloric intake across dietary patterns warranting further investigation.

scholarly journals Comparison of phytosterol intake from FFQ with repeated 24-h dietary recalls of the Adventist Health Study-2 calibration sub-study

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 1424-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawiwan Sirirat ◽  
Celine Heskey ◽  
Ella Haddad ◽  
Yessenia Tantamango-Bartley ◽  
Gary Fraser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Method Validation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Strong Correlations ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Disease Outcomes ◽  
Cross Classification ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Flame Ionisation ◽  
Adventist Health Study

AbstractWe evaluated the performance of an FFQ in estimating phytosterol intake against multiple 24-h dietary recalls (24HDR) using data from 1011 participants of the calibration sub-study of the Adventist Health Study-2 (AHS-2) cohort. Dietary assessments of phytosterol intake included a self-administered FFQ and six 24HDR and plasma sterols. Plasma sterols were determined using the GLC flame ionisation method. Validation of energy-adjusted phytosterol intake from the FFQ with 24HDR was conducted by calculating crude, unadjusted, partial and de-attenuated correlation coefficients (r) and cross-classification by race. On average, total phytosterol intake from the FFQ was 439·6 mg/d in blacks and 417·9 mg/d in whites. From the 24HDR, these were 295·6 mg/d in blacks and 351·4 mg/d in whites. Intake estimates of β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, other plant sterols and total phytosterols from the FFQ had moderate to strong correlations with estimates from 24HDR (r 0·41–0·73). Correlations were slightly higher in whites (r 0·42–0·73) than in blacks (r 0·41–0·67). FFQ estimates were poorly correlated with plasma sterols as well as 24HDR v. plasma sterols. We conclude that the AHS-2 FFQ provided reasonable estimates of phytosterol intake and may be used in future studies relating phytosterol intake and disease outcomes.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns among Norwegian 2-year-olds in 1999 and in 2007 and associations with child and parent characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lene Kristiansen ◽  
Britt Lande ◽  
Joseph Andrew Sexton ◽  
Lene Frost Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Childhood Nutrition ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Maternal Work ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Parent Characteristics ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Traditional Pattern

Infant and childhood nutrition influences short- and long-term health. The objective of the present paper has been to explore dietary patterns and their associations with child and parent characteristics at two time points. Parents of Norwegian 2-year-olds were, in 1999 (n 3000) and in 2007 (n 2984), invited to participate in a national dietary survey. At both time points, diet was assessed by a semi-quantitative FFQ that also provided information on several child and parent characteristics. A total of 1373 participants in the 1999 sample and 1472 participants in the 2007 sample were included in the analyses. Dietary patterns were identified by principal components analysis and related to child and parent characteristics using the general linear model. Four dietary patterns were identified at each time point. The ‘unhealthy’ and ‘healthy’ patterns in 1999 and 2007 showed similarities with regard to loadings of food groups. Both the ‘bread and spread-based’ pattern in 1999 and the ‘traditional’ pattern in 2007 had high positive loadings for bread and spreads; however, the ‘traditional’ pattern did also include positive associations with a warm meal. The last patterns identified in 1999 and in 2007 were not comparable with regard to loadings of food groups. All dietary patterns were significantly associated with one or several child and parent characteristics. In conclusion, the ‘unhealthy’ patterns in 1999 and in 2007 showed similarities with regard to loadings of food groups and were, at both time points, associated with sex, breastfeeding at 12 months of age, parity, maternal age and maternal work situation.

scholarly journals Relation between total radiation and yield of some field crops in the Netherlands.

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
L. Sibma
Keyword(s):  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Yield Variation ◽  
Short And Long Term

Statistical treatment of yield data from potatoes, sugar-beet, peas, wheat, barley, flax and maize grown in short- and long-term experiments where water and mineral supplies were optimum showed that variations in yields, especially those of potatoes, were positively correlated with the total global radiation received during the growing period. Partial correlation coefficients showed that the length of the growing period and the annual yield increase might explain much of the yield variation.-G.M.H. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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