Arterial Blood Pressure - The Pattern of Change in Twin Pregnancies

1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 217-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Campbell ◽  
A.J. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Twin Pregnancies ◽  
Weight Gain During Pregnancy

AbstractAn epidemiological study of all primigravid twin pregnancies delivered in Aberdeen between 1950 and 1969 was performed to determine the pattern of arterial blood pressure changes. There is a greater fall from non-pregnant levels in diastolic blood pressure by mid pregnancy and a greater rise of diastolic pressure by delivery. These changes are independent of age, body size and rate of weight gain during pregnancy. The expected increased incidence of proteinuric pre-eclampsia is also independent of rate of weight gain when defined for twin pregnancies.

Effect of the Ace Inhibitor Ceronapril on Cerebral Blood flow in Hypertensive Patients

1996 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 578-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neal R Cutler ◽  
John J Sramek ◽  
Azucena Luna ◽  
Ismael Mena ◽  
Eric P Brass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Arterial Blood

Objective To assess the effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ceronapril on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in patients with moderate hypertension. Design Patients received chlorthalidone 25 mg for 4 weeks, and if diastolic blood pressure remained in the range of 100–115 mm Hg, they were given titrated doses of ceronapril (10–40 mg/d based on blood pressure response) in addition to chlorthalidone for 9 weeks. Setting Outpatient research clinic. Subjects Eligible patients had moderate essential hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 100–115 mm Hg) assessed when the patients were receiving no medications. Thirteen patients were entered into the study; 1 withdrew for reasons unrelated to the study drug. Twelve patients (11 men, 1 woman; mean age 52 y) completed the study. Intervention Ceronapril, given with chlorthalidone. Main Outcome Measures CBF measurements were taken at the start and end of ceronapril therapy using intravenous 133Xe; blood pressures were determined weekly. Results Mean arterial blood pressure decreased from 130 ± 4 to 120 ±7 mm Hg after 4 weeks of chlorthalidone administration, and fell further to 108 ± 8 mm Hg after an additional 9 weeks of combined chlorthalidone-ceronapril therapy (p < 0.05). CBF fell from 44 ± 15 to 34 ± 5 mL/min/100 g during the 9 weeks of combined therapy (p = 0.05). No adverse effects consistent with decreased CBF were observed. The decrease in CBF was not linearly correlated with the change in systemic blood pressure, but was strongly correlated (r = –0.937; p < 0.001) with the initial CBF. Conclusions The decrease in mean arterial blood pressure was not associated with a decrease in CBF. Patients with high CBF may be predisposed to a decrease in CBF when treated with ceronapril and chlorthalidone.

scholarly journals Genetic Deep Convolutional Autoencoder Applied for Generative Continuous Arterial Blood Pressure via Photoplethysmography

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (14) ◽  
pp. 3829
Author(s):  
Muammar Sadrawi ◽  
Yin-Tsong Lin ◽  
Chien-Hung Lin ◽  
Bhekumuzi Mathunjwa ◽  
Shou-Zen Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Patient Monitor ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Convolutional Autoencoder ◽  
Data Generalization

Hypertension affects a huge number of people around the world. It also has a great contribution to cardiovascular- and renal-related diseases. This study investigates the ability of a deep convolutional autoencoder (DCAE) to generate continuous arterial blood pressure (ABP) by only utilizing photoplethysmography (PPG). A total of 18 patients are utilized. LeNet-5- and U-Net-based DCAEs, respectively abbreviated LDCAE and UDCAE, are compared to the MP60 IntelliVue Patient Monitor, as the gold standard. Moreover, in order to investigate the data generalization, the cross-validation (CV) method is conducted. The results show that the UDCAE provides superior results in producing the systolic blood pressure (SBP) estimation. Meanwhile, the LDCAE gives a slightly better result for the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) prediction. Finally, the genetic algorithm-based optimization deep convolutional autoencoder (GDCAE) is further administered to optimize the ensemble of the CV models. The results reveal that the GDCAE is superior to either the LDCAE or UDCAE. In conclusion, this study exhibits that systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) can also be accurately achieved by only utilizing a single PPG signal.

scholarly journals The Effect of Rice Bran Extract on Arterial Blood Pressure, Hepatic Steatosis, and Inflammation in Mice Fed with a High-Fat Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naphatsanan Duansak ◽  
Pritsana Piyabhan ◽  
Umarat Srisawat ◽  
Jarinyaporn Naowaboot ◽  
Nusiri Lerdvuthisopon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background. Inflammation and hypertension are primary mechanisms involving in obesity-associated adverse effects of a high-fat diet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rice bran extract (RBE) on arterial blood pressure, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Methods. Male ICR mice were divided into four groups, including a normal-diet control group, a high-fat diet (HFD) (60% kcal from fat) group, an HFD group treated with RBE (220 mg/kg/day), and an HFD group treated with 1100 mg/kg/day for eight weeks. Besides body weight and arterial blood pressure, we determined liver values of total cholesterol, triglyceride, as well as percent body fat, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), matrix metalloprotease-9 (MMP-9), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and mRNA endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Results. The HFD group had increased body weight, increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure, liver total cholesterol, triglyceride, NF-κB, COX-2 and MMP-9 protein levels, and decreased mRNA eNOS in the aorta. Mice of the HFD group receiving RBE had reduced diastolic blood pressure, as well as significantly decreased liver and serum TNF-α and MDA levels in the liver, and reduced NF-κB levels in both the liver and heart. Conclusions. These results demonstrate that RBE decreases diastolic blood pressure, the liver lipid droplet accumulation, liver and myocardial NF-κB, myocardial COX-2 and MMP-9 protein levels, and oxidative stress. Moreover, RBE may improve endothelial function and may alleviate adverse health effects associated with obesity including obesity-associated hypertension.

Indirect Arterial Blood Pressure Measurement in Nonsedated Irish Wolfhounds: Reference Values for the Breed

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 521-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice M. Bright ◽  
Mariellen Dentino
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Arterial Blood

Arterial blood pressure measurements were obtained from 158 healthy Irish wolfhounds using the oscillometric technique to establish reference values for the breed. In contrast to other sight hounds, Irish wolfhounds have low arterial blood pressure. Mean systolic pressure for the group was 116.0 mm Hg. Mean diastolic pressure was 69.2 mm Hg, and the mean value for mean arterial pressure was 87.8 mm Hg. Blood pressure measurements were higher in older wolfhounds than in young dogs. There was no difference between systolic and mean arterial blood pressures in lateral recumbency compared to standing position. However, diastolic pressure was slightly lower when standing. Calm dogs had lower pressure than anxious wolfhounds. There was a significant interaction between the effects of age, gender, and mood on systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure values.

Ouabain prevents loss of autoregulation in rat pial arterioles caused by reoxygenation after a brief hypoxic episode

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 423-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kettler ◽  
B. Y. Ong ◽  
D. Bose
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cranial Window ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Hypoxic Episode ◽  
Electrogenic Sodium Pump ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Arteriolar Diameter

Pial arteriolar diameter changes inversely with changes in systemic arterial blood pressure. Such changes are consistent with autoregulatory functions. These responses are reduced by a brief period of hypoxia followed by reoxygenation. By using an open cranial window preparation we assessed the changes in pial arteriolar diameters during blood pressure changes in rats induced by hemorrhage and reinfusion of blood, before and after a brief period of hypoxia. The slopes of the changes in pial arteriolar diameter as a function of mean arterial blood pressure were −0.47 ± 0.26 μm/mmHg (mean ± SD; 1 mmHg = 133.3 Pa) before hypoxia and −0.11 ± 0.23 μm/mmHg after hypoxia in the untreated rats. In ouabain-treated rats, corresponding slopes were −0.42 ± 0.24 and −0.46 ± 0.22 μm/mmHg. The observed protective effects of ouabain might be a blockade of the Na–K pump in the sarcolemma of the vascular smooth muscle.Key words: vascular smooth muscle, electrogenic sodium pump, metabolic inhibition.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Inhaled Fine Particulate Air Pollution–Induced Arterial Blood Pressure Changes

2009 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo R. Bartoli ◽  
Gregory A. Wellenius ◽  
Edgar A. Diaz ◽  
Joy Lawrence ◽  
Brent A. Coull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Particulate Air Pollution ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Pressure Changes

Changes in arterial blood pressure and heart rate induced by glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide in rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (3) ◽  
pp. E459-E466 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Barragan ◽  
R. E. Rodriguez ◽  
E. Blazquez
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

This study was designed to determine the effects of glucagon-like peptides (GLP) on arterial blood pressure and heart rate. Although glucagon caused a minimal effect and GLP-1-(1-37) produced a moderate increase of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, GLP-1-(7-36) amide induced the greatest increases in both parameters. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate values increased when doses of the peptides were increased. By contrast, GLP-2 did not modify either arterial blood pressure or heart rate values. To determine whether the effects of GLP-1-(7-36) amide were mediated through catecholamines, the rats were pretreated with reserpine, propranolol, or phentolamine before administration of the peptide. In these three experimental groups, GLP-1-(7-36) amide increases mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate to the same level or even greater than that observed in nonpretreated rats. These findings indicate that GLP-1-(7-36) amide significantly increases arterial blood pressure and heart rate and that these effects are not mediated through catecholamines.

Carotid Blood Pressure in Normal and Tumor-Bearing Mice

1956 ◽  
Vol 184 (3) ◽  
pp. 599-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachindra N. Pradhan ◽  
Betty Achinstein ◽  
Murray J. Shear
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Blood Pressure ◽  
Tumor Bearing ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Intraperitoneal Dose ◽  
Sarcoma 37 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pressure Changes

Blood pressure was measured directly in mice after cannulation of the carotid artery. The anesthetic was urethan in a single intraperitoneal dose of 1.4–1.6 mg/gm. The apparatus was a Technitrol Lilly manometer, or a Statham physiological transducer (Model P 23 D) with a Brush ‘Universal analyzer.’ The blood pressure was continuously recorded in some 400 CAF1 mice, both normal and bearers of Sarcoma 37. In 166 mice without tumor, the mean blood pressure varied from 35–110 mm of mercury; the average was 71 with a S.E. of ± 1. In 233 mice bearing 6-day-old implants of Sarcoma 37, the pressure varied from 40–110 mm.; the average was 78 ± 1 mm. Under these conditions of continuous recording of arterial blood pressure, about 40% of the animals lived for 2 hours; a few survived as long as 6 hours. The various patterns of blood pressure changes are described and illustrated.

Muscle–Nerve Sympathetic Activity in Man. Relationship to Blood Pressure in Resting Normo- and Hyper-Tensive Subjects

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (s4) ◽  
pp. 387s-389s ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sundlöf ◽  
B. G. Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Sympathetic Activity ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Fluctuations ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Muscle Nerve ◽  
Pressure Changes

1. Simultaneous recordings of multi-unit muscle nerve sympathetic activity and arterial blood pressure were made in 29 subjects, 17 healthy and 12 hypertensive. The neural activity, quantified by counting the number of pulse-synchronous sympathetic bursts in the mean voltage neurogram (burst incidence), was plotted against blood pressure. The effect of spontaneous temporary blood pressure fluctuations was studied by correlating different pressure parameters of individual heart beats to the occurrence of a sympathetic burst. 2. Between subjects there were marked differences in burst incidence but no correlation was found to interindividual differences in blood pressure level. 3. When for each heart beat the occurrence of a burst was correlated to different pressure parameters there was a close negative correlation to diastolic, a low correlation to systolic, and an intermediate negative correlation to mean blood pressure. 4. In a given subject, when comparing heart beats with the same diastolic pressure, the occurrence and the amplitudes of the sympathetic bursts were higher during falling than during rising pressure. This directional dependence of the muscle—nerve sympathetic activity was slightly more pronounced in the hypertensive group, but this was considered secondary to the hypertension. 5. The findings of an intimate correlation with dynamic variations in blood pressure and the absence of correlation to the static blood pressure suggest that the sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle is of importance for buffering acute blood pressure changes but has little influence on the long-term blood pressure.

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