Triggering Ideological Thinking: How Elections Foster Coherence of Welfare State Attitudes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
TOBIAS HEIDE-JØRGENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Local Elections ◽  
Regression Discontinuity Design ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Attitude Consistency ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Welfare Attitudes ◽  
Event Based ◽  
Welfare Politics ◽  
Official Records

Since Converse (1964) first proposed his “nonattitudes hypothesis,” numerous studies have confirmed that the public at large lacks ideologically consistent political attitudes. I put forth an event-based theory of attitude crystallization that explains how elections can strengthen attitude consistency and apply it to an issue domain integral to the left-right (liberal-conservative) cleavage: welfare politics. Specifically, I theorize that elections that give ideological opponents a majority will mobilize ideological predispositions, leading to more coherent welfare attitudes. I test the argument by relying on 11 Danish surveys linked to official records on local elections over four decades and using a regression discontinuity design. Evidence strongly supports the notion that elections increase attitude consistency if the majority produced goes against the individual’s ideological preferences. The findings stress the dynamic nature of attitude structure and the important role regular political events play in that regard.

OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF LOBISTRY ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE: REALITIES TODAY AND EVOLUTIONARY FORECAST

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Tikhon Sergeyevich Yarovoy
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Public Interests ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Industrial Groups

The article is devoted to the research of goals and functions of lobbying activity. The author has processed the ideas of domestic and foreign scientists, proposed his own approaches to the definition of goals and functions of lobbying activities through the prism of public administration. As a result, a generalized vision of the goals and functions of lobbying activities as interrelated elements of the lobbying system was proposed, and a forecast for further evolution of the goals and functions of domestic lobbying was provided. The analysis of lobbying functions allowed us to notice the tendencies in shifting the goals of this activity. If the objectives were fully covered by functions such as mediation between citizens and the state, the information function and the function of organizing plurality of public interests, then the role of strengthening the self-organization of civil society and the function of compromise become increasingly important in the process of formation in the developed countries of civil society and the development of telecommunication technologies. Ukrainian lobbyism will not be left to the side of this process. Already, politicians of the highest level, leaders of financial and industrial groups have to act, adjust their goals (even if they are — declared), taking into account the reaction of the public. In the future, this trend will only increase. The analysis of current research and political events provides all grounds for believing that, while proper regulatory legislation is being formed in Ukraine, the goals and functions of domestic lobbying will essentially shift towards a compromise with the public. It is noted that in spite of the existence of a basic direction of action, lobbying may have several ramified goals. Guided by the goals set, lobbyism can manifest itself in various spheres of the political system of society, combining the closely intertwined interests of various actors in the lobbying process, or even — contrasting them.

scholarly journals Connective Effervescence and Streaming Chat During Political Debates

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Ventura ◽  
Kevin Munger ◽  
Katherine McCabe ◽  
Keng-Chi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Debates ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fox News ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Facebook Pages ◽  
Online Streaming ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Recent advancements in online streaming technologies have re-centered the audience as an important part of live broadcasts, including live political events. In fall 2020, each of the U.S. presidential and vice presidential debates were streamed on a number of online platforms that provided an integrated streaming chat where the public could comment in real-time alongside the live debate video. Viewers could simultaneously tune into what the candidates were saying and see what a sample of their peers thought about the candidates. This study examines large samples of comments made in social chat feeds during the livestreamed debates on the ABC News, NBC News, and Fox News Facebook pages to quantify key features associated with the quality of political discussion on these platforms. The results reveal that consistent with the quasi-anonymous, constrained nature of dynamic chat, the comments made are generally short, include a substantial degree of toxicity and insults, and differ significantly in their content across platforms. These findings underscore the importance of further study of online streaming chat as a new source of potential influence on political attitudes and behavior.

Iconic Books and Gestures: Aḥādīth al-Ṣifāt in the Public Sphere

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Livnat Holtzman
Keyword(s):  
Public Sphere ◽  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Tenth Century ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
Public Controversy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Ubiquitous Presence

This chapter examines the ubiquitous presence of aḥādīth al-ṣifāt in the public sphere by focusing on four iconic texts: the caliphal Qadiri Creed, Ibn Khuzayma’s (d. 924) Kitāb al-Tawḥid, Fakhr al-Din al-Razi’s (d. 1210) Asās al-Taqdīs and Ibn Taymiyya’s (d. 1328) al-Ḥamawiyya al-Kubrā. These iconic texts, which offer various discussions of aḥādīth al-ṣifāt, stood at the centre of public attention, and were revered as objects of political power. This chapter fully unfolds the connection between these four texts, and the role that they played in political events that took place in different venues from tenth century Nishapur to fourteenth century Damascus. Both the extremely popular Asās al-Taqdīs and al-Ḥamawiyya al-Kubrā ignited a public controversy about the performance of two iconic gestures that were linked to the recitations of aḥādīth al-ṣifāt: pointing the index finger heavenward and raising both hands in prayer. The chapter highlights al-Ḥamawiyya al-Kubrā’s iconicity by addressing the derogative name ḥashwiyya (vulgar anthropomorphists) which was central to this public controversy. The iconic books and gestures that are discussed in this chapter underscore the interface between theology and politics, and reveal a layer as yet unknown of the controversy between the ultra-traditionalists (Hanbalites) and the rational-traditionalists (the later Ashʿarites).

scholarly journals Critical Classrooms Matter: Baltimore Teachers’ Pedagogical Response After the Death of Freddie Gray

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 984-1007
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Flores-Koulish ◽  
Jessica T. Shiller
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Cultural Relevance ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Events ◽  
School Classroom ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Public School Classroom ◽  
The City

The purpose of this article is to discuss the possibilities of public education. We argue that public schools, despite their flaws, still provide necessary spaces of civic engagement. When major social and/or political events happen, young people have few outlets to discuss, process, and understand implications. In this article, we share the experiences of Baltimore’s teachers after the death of Freddie Gray, an unarmed Black man, who lived in Baltimore and died in police custody. Following his death, the city exploded in protest, both violent and peaceful. We interviewed eight teachers and collected curriculum samples to make sense of how they used the public school classroom as a space of critical care, social justice, cultural relevance, and anti-racism to contextualize current events in their city. There are implications here for school district professional development and teacher education.

Railway History in English Local Records

1953 ◽  
Vol fs-1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Jack Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Single Source ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Record ◽  
Railway History ◽  
Official Records

In the last number of this JOURNAL the Archivist of the British Transport Commission described the records in his charge and the facilities he can offer to students who wish to consult them.1 The Commission's archives represent an amalgamation of the surviving official records of practically all the British railway and canal companies. Necessarily, therefore, they form the most important single source of material to the transport historian in this country, rivalled only by the records of the Board of Trade, now in the Public Record Office. But these are not the only sources; and it will be the object of this paper, and some of its successors in this series, to describe other groups of documents that can usefully supplement the two great metropolitan collections.

Neither the Purse Nor the Sword: Dynamics of Public Confidence in the Supreme Court

1986 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 1209-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Caldeira
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Presidential Popularity ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
High Bench

Systematic study of changes in support for the U.S. Supreme Court across time has not been undertaken. Armed with a time series of observations from 1966 through 1984, I provide a description of the ebb and flow of public esteem for the Court. Then I outline and test several plausible propositions about the dynamics of support. Statistical analyses compel the conclusion that apart from a relatively constant core of support, increases in judicial activism, inflation, and solicitude for the rights of the accused decreased confidence in the Court; the events surrounding Watergate and increases in presidential popularity and the public salience of the Court brought about increased popular esteem for the high bench. Previous scholars, based on cross-sections of individuals, have emphasized the public's ignorance of and disinterest in the Supreme Court and judicial policy making. The responsiveness of public support for the Court in the aggregate to political events and shifts in the behavior of the justices stands in stark contrast to the conventional image of United States citizenry as singularly out of touch with and unmoved by the Supreme Court.

Interactions between institutional logics and cultural dynamics in the public–private integration process

2020 ◽  
pp. 002085231989123
Author(s):  
Anne-Sophie Thelisson ◽  
Olivier Meier
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Logics ◽  
The State ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Longitudinal Case Study ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Role Of The State

This article underlines the specificities of public–private mergers by presenting the interactions between the institutional logics at stake and the cultural dynamics during the integration process of a public–private merger. The article presents a longitudinal case study of a public–private merger of two listed French companies over two years. Our study completes and enriches Schultz’s model by showing its dynamic nature and highlighting the crucial role of the state as a trigger for the interactions between institutional logics and cultural dynamics. Points for practitioners By highlighting the interactions between cultural dynamics and institutional logics, we trace how cultural dynamics influence the decision-making process and how institutional logics influence integration by becoming dominant. We demonstrate how the state influences the interactions between these forces during the integration process.

Railway History in English Local Records

1954 ◽  
Vol fs-1 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Jack Simmons
Keyword(s):  
Single Source ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Record ◽  
Railway History ◽  
Official Records

In the last number of this Journal the Archivist of the British Transport Commission described the records in his charge and the facilities he can offer to students who wish to consult them. The Commission's archives represent an amalgamation of the surviving official records of practically all the British railway and canal companies. Necessarily, therefore, they form the most important single source of material to the transport historian in this country, rivalled only by the records of the Board of Trade, now in the Public Record Office. But these are not the only sources; and it will be the object of this paper, and some of its successors in this series, to describe other groups of documents that can usefully supplement the two great metropolitan collections.

scholarly journals The Institutional Logic of Welfare Attitudes

2007 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Albrekt Larsen
Keyword(s):  
Welfare Policy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Regime Theory ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Differences ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Welfare Attitudes ◽  
Basic Ideas

Why are people who live in liberal welfare regimes so reluctant to support welfare policy? And why are people who live in social democratic welfare regimes so keen to support welfare policy? This article seeks to give an institutional account of these cross-national differences. Previous attempts to link institutions and welfare attitudes have not been convincing. The empirical studies have had large difficulties in finding the expected effects from regime-dependent differences in self-interest, class interest, and egalitarian values. This article develops a new theoretical macro—micro link by combining the literature on deservingness criteria and the welfare regime theory. The basic ideas are that three regime characteristics, (a) the degree of universalism in welfare policy, (b) the differences in economic resources between “the bottom” and “the majority,” and (c) the degree of job opportunities, have a profound impact on the public deservingness discussion and thereby on public support for welfare policy.

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