Holding The City Hostage: Popular Sectors and Elites in San Miguel, El Salvador, 1875

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-95
Author(s):  
Aldo A. Lauria Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
National History ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Peasant Communities ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The City

During the past 20 years, historians have made great strides in studying the engagement of rural communities with the formation of nations and states in nineteenth-century Latin America. The formation of citizenship, popular liberalism, local pueblo sovereignty, and alternative nationalisms and the influence of local struggles on state institutions have all been plotted, from very local communities to regions. However, the recent emphasis on the integration of peasant communities into regional and national history has largely failed to highlight the importance of provincial cities, even as it gives ample evidence of how important they became as bridges between the local, the regional, and the national.

Holding The City Hostage: Popular Sectors and Elites in San Miguel, El Salvador, 1875

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo A. Lauria Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
National History ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Peasant Communities ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Past ◽  
The City

During the past 20 years, historians have made great strides in studying the engagement of rural communities with the formation of nations and states in nineteenth-century Latin America. The formation of citizenship, popular liberalism, local pueblo sovereignty, and alternative nationalisms and the influence of local struggles on state institutions have all been plotted, from very local communities to regions. However, the recent emphasis on the integration of peasant communities into regional and national history has largely failed to highlight the importance of provincial cities, even as it gives ample evidence of how important they became as bridges between the local, the regional, and the national.

Olmsted's Police

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 577-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Thacher
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Public Prosecution ◽  
Nineteenth Century America ◽  
Informal Controls ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
The City ◽  
Shared Environments

The urbanization of nineteenth century America led to enormous changes in American criminal justice, as the rise of this dramatically more complex kind of human settlement posed new problems for legal regulation. Some of those problems are familiar. Many reformers emphasized the way cities eroded traditional controls on predatory crime, and they viewed modern police forces, public prosecution, and the modern penitentiary as a means of substituting formal social control for the informal controls of the past. But cities posed a different problem as well. In the city people made their homes in dense mixed-use environments that had not yet been sorted out and segregated along the lines of the modern metropolis, and when they ventured out of them they came together in the crowded streets, squares, and parks that proliferated in the nineteenth century. This complex environment made new demands on their behavior, as conduct that would have bothered no one in sparsely occupied rural spaces became problematic in the densely shared environments of the city. This change did not involve the collapse of old strategies for controlling familiar forms of bad behavior; it involved a shift in what sort of behavior counted as “bad” in the first place. The continued evolution of the urban environment, in turn, depended upon the ability of criminal justice institutions to grapple with these challenges. Shared environments require those who use them to develop and enforce rules to regulate the sharing.

scholarly journals Latin American Cities: From Subservient Reproductions to Intercontinental Dialogues

Humanities ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clovis Ultramari ◽  
Fernanda Cantarim ◽  
Manoela Jazar
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
The Past ◽  
Academic Exchange ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

This paper investigates the circulation of ideas regarding the city among selected countries in Latin America. It discusses convergences between academic and scientific institutions and investigative weakness in partnerships between Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. It identifies two historical moments: one of vertical dialogues between Latin America and central countries in the elaboration of urban plans (20th century) and another of contemporary academic exchange signalling a horizontal dialogue that is fragile and sporadic but distinct from those observed in the past. Empirical reference is obtained from the analysis of scientific events and papers published by distinguished post-graduate programs concerning urban topics in selected countries, during the time frame of 2000–2015. The methodological approach is based on a bibliographic review and content analysis. Results indicate that the old “one-way” of transfer of urban planning ideas from central countries to Latin America is changing; slowly, the continent has been growing more independent in terms of knowledge creation and circulation.

VI.—On the Destroyed Church of St. Michael Wood Street, in the City of London, with some Notes on the Church of St. Michael Bassishaw

Archaeologia ◽  
1902 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-216
Author(s):  
Philip Norman
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Severely Injured ◽  
Tower Of London ◽  
The Past ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Christopher Wren ◽  
City Of London ◽  
The City ◽  
Burial Grounds ◽  
The Church

From the artistic and antiquarian points of view, the systematic destruction of our old City churches under the Union of Benefices Act is greatly to be deplored. Under this Act the churches designed by Sir Christopher Wren have especially suffered; and here I will venture to say a few words on that famous architect and his work. A dire catastrophe sometimes calls forth the energies of the master mind that can grapple with it; this was the case, when, after the Great Fire of 1666, by which eighty-six parish churches were destroyed or severely injured, Wren at that time, hardly a professional architect, turned his attention to the City. He first produced a plan for general rebuilding, which would have given free scope to his genius, although at the same time destroying many links with the past. The chief public buildings were to have been grouped round the Royal Exchange, which would have formed an important centre; St. Paul's Cathedral being approached from the east by two broad converging streets. A river quay, in part adorned by the City Halls, would have extended from Black-friars to the Tower of London; while the churches, greatly reduced in number, were to occupy commanding and isolated sites, their burial grounds being outside the City. For reasons which it is here not necessary to discuss, this proposal was not accepted; and so the City grew again, more or less on its old irregular lines. To Wren, however, was assigned the task of rebuilding or repairing not only St. Paul's Cathedral, but, if we include St. Mary Woolnoth and St. Sepulchre, both only repaired, no fewer than fifty-two other churches, The remainder were not rebuilt, their parishes being united -with adjoining parishes which continued to possess churches. The ancient burial grounds were, to a great extent, retained, and burials continued in them until after the middle of the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals Narracje zniszczenia. Trauma wojenna w muzeach miejskich Petersburga, Warszawy i Drezna

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-21
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Bogumił ◽  
Joanna Wawrzyniak
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
National History ◽  
Innocent Victim ◽  
Local Experience ◽  
Cold War Era ◽  
Dominant State ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Interpretation Patterns ◽  
The City

The authors analyse the presentation of WWII in the city museums of St Petersburg, Warsaw and Dresden. These narratives, they argue, are the effect of merging and interconnection of themes and elements coming from various types of discourse, shaped respectively by the local communities and by the state’s historical policy. Having characterised the most important elements of these two discourses, the authors indicate that to this day, the exhibitions contain interpretation patterns characteristic for the Cold War era. The dominant state discourse strongly influences the presentation of the city’s destruction and its inhabitants’ trauma. The exhibitions in both Warsaw and St Petersburg emphasize the image of an innocent victim attacked by the enemy, and present the city’s destruction in terms of lost but heroic struggle. In Dresden, there are visible references to the discourses of German guilt and German suffering. The exhibitions cannot detach themselves from the context of national history, and they fail to present many aspects of the local experience of WWII.

The Continuous Past: Historical Referents in Nineteenth-Century American Journalism

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Betty Houchin Winfield ◽  
Janice Hume
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
National History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
New Immigrants ◽  
American Journalism ◽  
Historical References

This study examines how nineteenth-century American journalism used history. Based primarily on almost 2,000 magazine article titles, the authors found a marked increase in historical referents by 1900. Primarily used for context and placement, historical references often noted the country's origins, leaders and wars, particularly the Civil War. By connecting the present to the past, journalists highlighted an American story worth remembering during a time of nation-building, increased magazine circulation, and rise of feature stories. References to past people, events and institutions reiterated a particular national history, not only to those long settled, but also to new immigrants. Journalistic textual silences were the histories of most women, African Americans, Native Americans and immigrants. This study found historical continuity in contrast to Lipsitz and a repeated national institutional core as opposed to Wiebe. It reinforced other memory studies about contemporary usefulness of the past, and agrees with Higham's contention that the century's journalistic reports created the initial awareness of the nation's history.

Capitalist Dreams: Chile's Response to Nineteenth-Century World Copper Competition

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 722-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Culver ◽  
Cornel J. Reinhart
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Economic Sector ◽  
Latin Americans ◽  
The Past ◽  
Chilean Copper ◽  
The Impact

Hernando de Soto's recent book, The Other Path, argues that capitalism has not failed in Peru and Latin America, rather, it has not been tried. Basing his case on the observation that Latin American economies are strangled by arcane policies and regulations, de Soto goes on to bolster his point by providing a fresh and powerful look at the undeniable reality of the large “informal,” and thus unregulated, economic sector in Peru. As with any such generalization, how strongly does its explanatory value remain when measured against specific events, over long periods of time? This article seeks just such a perspective. It examines the impact of such regulations as mining codes and mineral taxation on the efforts of Chilean copper entrepreneurs to compete worldwide in the nineteenth century. De Soto may be correct in his contention that today's highly regulated economies keep Latin Americans from being as productive as their resources justify, but to extend this view into the past ignores earlier productive accomplishments, as well as significant efforts at different times and places to cast off Latin America's mercantile legacy.

scholarly journals Lived Historiography: National History as a Script to the Past

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-57
Author(s):  
Pertti Haapala
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Identities ◽  
History Writing ◽  
National History ◽  
Political Role ◽  
The Past

AbstractThe chapter studies the role of historiography in experiencing the past. Haapala analyzes how written history and its conceptualizations offered people a framework for understanding, defining, and living the past emotionally, and understanding how their present experiences became connected to history. It is claimed here that academic historiography often played a major role in creating historical and national identities by providing a script, as well as intellectual and emotional tools, to live the past. National history was invented by nineteenth-century intellectuals and it became a powerful, imagined narrative for the nation for two centuries. That success can be explained only by realizing the societal and political role of history writing as an autobiography of a society.

scholarly journals Uma tríade botânica na paisagem oitocentista portuense: jardins e hortos de excelência científica e económica

CEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 218-238
Author(s):  
Cristiana Vieira ◽  
Ana Catarina Antunes ◽  
Sónia Faria
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Special Interest ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Center ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

The present work explores the recognition of the past and present genius loci of three spaces of Porto city center as remaining and transformed representations of spaces with distinct, interconnected and pertinent botanical missions in the nineteenth century landscape of the city. Through the exploration of sources left by the interveners or graphic testimonies of the urban landscape from 1850 to the present day of these (ethno-)botanical spaces, we explore how the interveners and spaces of the Jardim Botânico da Academia Polythecnica do Porto, the Horto-pharmacêutico da Botica da Hospital Real de Santo António and the Horto das Virtudes mutually influenced. On the other hand, it is demonstrated how these spaces determined a time of special interest in botany that would not be repeated in the history of the city and its population.

scholarly journals Urban Tanzîmât and Corrupting Property: Women as Petitioners of Honor in Nineteenth-Century Istanbul

Hawwa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-106
Author(s):  
Eda Güçlü
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Social Production ◽  
Critical Locus ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Property Relations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Spatial Restructuring ◽  
The City

AbstractThis article examines the relations betweentanzîmâtand corruption within the context of urban renewal projects in nineteenth-century Istanbul. It takes corruption as a critical locus of analysis in order to understand notions of justice and morality that historical actors fashioned in the social production of urban tanzîmât and property relations. It reveals that a theme of honor was central to both state institutions and real estate owners with regard to the positions that they took in property conflicts that emerged as a result of planning activities in the city. This study argues that honor was not only a moral but also an economic theme that revolved around the question of locational values in this intense period of spatial restructuring.

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