Heritability of milk yield at different environmental levels

1964 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. VanVleck ◽  
G. E. Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Total Variation ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Production Level ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Herd Level ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Milk production records from 5740 first lactation Holstein-Friesian daughter-dam pairs were studied to determine if heritability was related to herd production level. Heritability from daughter-dam regression was essentially constant at 10 environmental levels based on either the dam's or daughter's herdmate deviation from season average yield. The heritability estimate over all levels of yield was 0·43 (with standard error 0·03) which is higher than most estimates. Estimates of heritability from paternal half-sib correlations for four environmental levels and based on data from 2568 daughters of A.I. sires generally increased as the herd production level increased. The highest half-sib estimate was 0·42 and the lowest 0·17. Daughter-dam estimates from the same data were essentially constant over the four herd levels.Total variation increased as herd level increased, in agreement with previous reports.Heritability was found not to differ between seasons of calving.

​Enhancement of Production Performance of Tharparkar Cattle using Lactation Persistency as A Selection Tool

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda George ◽  
I.D Gupta ◽  
P.B. Nandhini ◽  
Archana Verma ◽  
Jaismon P. Achankunju
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Standard Error ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Lactation Length ◽  
Tharparkar Cattle

Background: Lactation persistency of cattle is the ability to maintain constant milk production after the peak milk yield. This work was conducted using a total of 372 daily milk yield records of all parities of 190 Tharparkar cattle sired by 38 bulls from 1990 to 2019 (29 years), collected from Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, maintained in Livestock Research centre of NDRI, Karnal. Methods: The lactation persistency was estimated using Mahadevan’s method (1951) based on the ratio of milk production in first 28 weeks to milk production in 10 weeks. Standard error as percentage of mean was used to test the efficiency of persistency indices. To study the effect of non-genetic factors Least-squares analysis was carried out by Harvey (1990) model. Result: The least squares mean of total milk yield (TMY), lactation length (LL), peak yield (PY), days to attain peak yield (DAPY) and lactation persistency (LP) were 1633.40±45.79Kg, 272.55±4.64 days, 10.83±0.17kg, 41.48±2.34 days and 1.27±0.02 respectively. First calvers had highest LL, DAPY and persistency. Rainy calvers had more TMY, LL, DAPY and LP and winter calvers were the low performers. Correlation of persistency with TMY, LL and DAPY were highly significant and positive. There was negative correlation with PY and LP. The estimated heritability for TMY, LL and PY was 0.16±0.34, 0.49±0.38 and 0.84±0.41 respectively. The heritability estimate of lactation persistency was very low with high standard error which revealed the significance of environmental effect in persistency.

Comparison of milk production, mastitis, lameness and days to conception of Brown Swiss, Holstein and Holstein cross Brown Swiss dairy cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 2006 ◽  
pp. 86-86
Author(s):  
G Wellwood ◽  
J K Margerison
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Somatic Cell Counts ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Mastitis is a complex disease causing inflammation of the udder, which has been estimated to cost the dairy farmer between £40-£117/cow per year (Stott et al., 2002). Economic loss occurs as a result of discarded milk, reduced milk yield and milk quality, increased vet costs and an increase in replacement costs. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of breed on the incidence of mastitis and somatic cell counts and milk production capabilities of Holstein Friesian, Brown Swiss and Brown Swiss crossbred cows.

Effect of temperature and relative humidity on the milk production of dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Ivan Imrich ◽  
Róbert Toman ◽  
Martina Pšenková ◽  
Eva Mlyneková ◽  
Tomáš Kanka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Humidity Index ◽  
Index Value

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of environmental housing conditions on the milk yield of dairy cows. Measurements were taken in the summer period from June to September 2020 and in the winter period during January 2021 on a large-capacity farm of Holstein Friesian cattle. Cows were housed in free stall barn with the lying boxes and selected during the second or third lactations, in the summer period from the 51st day to the 135th day and in the winter period from the 64th day to the 120th day of lactation. The average temperature in the housing was 23 °C in summer, and 7.05 °C in winter. The average THI (thermal humidity index) value in summer was 70.43, but during the day the THI values sometimes reached 75. The dairy cows were therefore exposed to heat stress during summer. Increasing THI and temperature values negatively affected the milk yield, as there was a negative correlation between both THI and milk yield (r = -0.641; p <0.01) and temperature and milk yield (r = -0.637; p <0.01). Milk production in winter was at 58.77 kg per day and in summer at 49.55 kg per day. In the summer, the milk had a significantly lower content of fat (p <0.05), proteins (p <0.001), lactose (p <0.001), minerals (p <0.001) and conversely, a higher number of somatic cells (p <0.01). These results show that worse environmental conditions during the summer negatively affected the level of milk yield and the composition of the cows’ milk.

Relationships among udder type traits and milk yield of Iranian Holstein-Friesian cattle

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 141-141
Author(s):  
M. R. Sanjabi ◽  
M. G. Govindaiah ◽  
M. M. Moeini
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Type Traits ◽  
High Production ◽  
Friesian Cattle

Correlation among type traits and with milk production has been investigated by Brotherstone (1994) and Misztal et al (1992). One of the primary reasons for collecting and utilizing information on type traits is to aid breeders in selecting profitable functional cows for high production and suitable herd life. The objectives of this study were to estimate phenotypic and genetic correlations among milk production and with udder traits.

The influence of cow genetic merit for milk production on response to level of concentrate supplementation in a grass based system

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 57-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dillon ◽  
J. Kennedy ◽  
P. Faverdin ◽  
L. Delaby ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Genetic Merit ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Holstein Friesian

Pre-1990 published responses to supplementation at pasture ranged from 0.4 to 0.6kg milk/kg concentrate fed. However since 1990 higher responses to concentrate supplementation at pasture have been published (Delaby 2001). The objective of this study was to determine if milk production responses of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows to concentrate supplementation at pasture are influenced by genetic merit (milk yield potential) in a spring calving grass based system of milk production.

scholarly journals Trends in milk production, calving rate and survival of cows in 14 Irish dairy herds as a result of the introgression of Holstein-Friesian genes

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Evans ◽  
P. Dillon ◽  
F. Buckley ◽  
D. P. Berry ◽  
M. Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Parity Number ◽  
Impact On Survival ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Calving Rate

AbstractTrends in milk production, calving rates, and survival were monitored on a potential 5580 primiparous and multiparous Holstein-Friesian dairy cows across 14 Irish seasonal spring-calving dairy farms between the years 1990 and 2001. Over this period calving rate to first service (CALV1) reduced by 0·96% per year (55 to 44%;P< 0·001), calving rate to first and second service (CALV12) reduced by 0·84% per year ( 77 to 70%;P< 0·001) and herd average parity number reduced by 0·10 lactation per year (4·3 to 3·5;P<0·001). The proportion of North American Holstein Friesian (NAHF) genes in the cows increased by 5·5% per year (8 to 63%;P<0·001), while pedigree index for milk yield (PIMILK) of the cows increased by 25 kg per year (P<0·001). The predicted difference of the sires of the cows for calving interval and survival increased by 0·5 days (P<0·001) and reduced by 0·12% (P<0·001) per year, respectively. A negative association was found between increased phenotypic milk yield, NAHF and PIMILKand reduced calving rates as assessed by CALV1 and CALV12. Increased proportion of NAHF genes exhibited a negative effect on survival (P<0·001) whereas increased levels of heterosis had a positive impact on survival (P<0·001). The results of the present study indicate that in seasonal calving herds in Ireland a need for direct selection on traits related to fertility and survival is required to arrest and reverse the declining trends in calving rates and survival.

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN SPEED OF MILKING AND SOMATIC CELL COUNT AND PRODUCTION IN HOLSTEINS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-789 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. MOORE ◽  
J. E. MOXLEY ◽  
B. W. KENNEDY ◽  
E. B. BURNSIDE
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Somatic Cell Count ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Phenotypic Correlations ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
The Relationship

Milking speed data were obtained for 2604 Holstein-Friesian cows, identified by sire, in test herds located in Quebec and Ontario. Milk samples were collected from each cow and analyzed for somatic cell count. Completed or projected lactation production records were available for this sample of cows. Two-minute yield and total milking time were adjusted for the effect of milk yield at sampling and the raw cell counts were transformed to the natural log scale. Sire and error variances were obtained by maximum likelihood (ML) methods and used to estimate heritabilities of and correlations between traits. The heritability estimate for the adjusted 2-min. yield, 0.23, was higher than that for the adjusted total milking time (0.13), with the estimates for the two unadjusted measures being intermediate (0.18). The phenotypic correlations between milking speed and somatic cell count were small. However, there were two distinct linear phases to the relationship between the adjusted 2-min yield and cell count. Small but significant phenotypic correlations were observed between unadjusted measures of milking speed and lactation production (0.11–0.22); however, correlations were not significant when adjustments were made for the milk yield at sampling. Genetic correlations between milking speed and somatic cell count were moderate to large and indicated an antagonistic relationship between faster milking speed and cell count. Also, the genetic correlations suggested some antagonism between increasing 2-min yield and lactation production, while the relationship between lactation traits and milking time was small. Key words: Milking speed, somatic cell count, correlations, heritabilities, Holsteins

scholarly journals Effect of Varying Dietary Crude Protein Level on Feed Intake, Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Production, and Nitrogen Use Efficiency by Lactating Holstein-Friesian Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2439
Author(s):  
Constantine Bakyusa Katongole ◽  
Tianhai Yan
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Dietary Crude Protein ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Friesian Cows

The effect of dietary crude protein (CP) level on intake, digestibility, milk production, and nitrogen (N) use efficiency was studied. Twenty-four Holstein-Friesian cows (17 multiparous and seven primiparous) were grouped by parity, days in milk, milk yield, and live weight into six blocks of four, and randomly assigned to four total mixed ration (TMR) treatments, containing 141, 151, 177, or 210 g CP/kg dry matter (DM), over 28 day experimental periods. Apparent total-tract DM and fiber digestibilities and milk fat composition were similar across treatments. Milk protein and urea-N compositions, and urinary and manure N excretion increased linearly, while milk N efficiency (MNE) decreased linearly with increasing CP. DM intake was highest with the 177 diet, while CP intake increased linearly with increasing CP, peaking at 200 g/kg DM. Milk yield increased with CP intake for the three lower CP levels, peaking at 176 g CP/kg DM. The further increase in CP level from 177 to 210 g/kg DM did not result in improved milk yield, but resulted in decreased milk N secretion and increased urinary N excretion. In summary, milk protein composition increased linearly with increasing CP, accompanied by a linear decrease in MNE, resulting in a bell-shaped relationship between milk yield and dietary CP level.

THE EFFECTS OF DAYS DRY AND DAYS OPEN ON THE MILK AND BUTTERFAT PRODUCTION OF HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CATTLE

1967 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Wilton ◽  
E. B. Burnside ◽  
J. C. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Dairy Animals ◽  
Days Open ◽  
Friesian Cattle ◽  
Selection Of

The effect of days dry and days open on first, second and later lactation production was examined by intra-sire-herd-season regression. Neither variation in days dry nor days open accounted for more than 1% of the within-sire variance in fat test. Variation in preceding days dry accounted for 4.8% of the within-sire variance in milk production in second lactations but only 0.6% of the variance in later lactations. Differences in days open accounted for 4.5, 3.5, and 4.5% of the intra-sire variance in milk production in first, second, and later lactations, respectively. The effects of days dry and days open on fat production were, in all cases, slightly less than the effects on milk production. Heritabilities for both traits were low, indicating that the effects of both days dry and days open on production were largely of an environmental nature. Adjustment of milk yield for the number of days cows are open could lead to more accurate selection of dairy animals.

scholarly journals Effect of some factors on cow longevity

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sawa ◽  
M. Bogucki
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Production Level ◽  
Productive Life

Abstract. Longevity (lifespan, length of productive life, number of calvings) was analysed in 25 231 cows that first calved in 1988 and 2000 in the Pomerania and Kujawy regions in Poland. GLM procedures of the SAS package were used in the statistical calculations. Longevity of cows that first calved in 2000 was found to improve in relation to that of cows that were first milked in 1988. The lifespan and length of productive life increased the most (by about 1 year) in herds of up to 20 cows, in herds with the lowest production level (by about 0.85 years), in herds of cows that first calved before 24 months of age up (by about 1 year) and in herds of cows that yielded 4 000–7 000 kg milk as first calvers (by about 0.5 years). Shortening the length of productive life in cows culled for low milk production (by 0.3 years) is probably one of the reasons for considerable production progress attained in cows in recent years. Age of cows at first calving and first lactation milk yield were significantly correlated to cow longevity.

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