Romano-British Chimney-Pots and Finials

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. G. Lowther
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SummaryThe late A. W. G. Lowther had for long collected information on Romano-British ‘chimney-pots’ and in his final years concluded that this was the true function of his Group B, except where a closed base indicated use as ornamental roof-finials. New discoveries have enlarged his originally small Group A, wheel-made pottery vessels with side-openings, which may possibly have had a ritual function. His notes are now presented in a published form, with comments on dating, distribution, and continental parallels; the opportunity has also been taken of adding a short excursus on Romano-British stone finials.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF FLIPPED SMALL GROUP TEACHING IN UNDERSTANDING PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE IN MICROBIOLOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Swapna Kanade ◽  
Gita Nataraj
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Small Group Teaching ◽  
Feedback Form ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Flipped Classroom is a new technique used in teaching.This study is conducted to determine if a flipped small group discussion is an effective learning method for undergraduates learning clinical microbiology,as compared to traditional practical class in achieving improved understanding, retention and greater satisfaction in the students and to evaluate this system through student feedback. The study was initiated after Institutional Ethics Committee's approval.Materials were developed and validated before commencement of the study.A total of 144 students were included in the study.A 45-minute lecture by a faculty on the selected topic was taken for all the students after which the students were randomly assigned to the groups A or B as follows: Group A: Flipped small group teaching, Group B:Traditional practical class.Validated material of the practical class was send to students of group A one day before of practical class by email.The same was also made available to teachers.Flipped small group teaching and traditional practical class was conducted on the same day for group A and B respectively. After the session, the students administered the performance test as well as the feedback form. Surprise performance test was re-administered to the same students at the end of 15 days to test for subject retention. Results:Significant increase in the marks of the performance test was observed in the group “A“ students as compared to group B students in both first and second test. The feedback given by the students about subjective learning experiences in terms of the enjoyment of the new technique, attention, comfort, and increase in the confidence, participation and whether they would like further learning using the same format definitely had a higher score in Groups A compared with Group B Conclusions: Use of Flipped classroom approach in health education yields a statistically significant improvement in learner performance compared with traditional teaching methods.Use of mobile phone or computer is more acceptable to the students than traditional didactic approach

INTERFERTILITY PHENOMENA IN FOMES PINICOLA

1938 ◽  
Vol 16c (9) ◽  
pp. 354-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Mounce ◽  
Ruth Macrae
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Studies of sexuality in Fomes pinicola (Sw.) Cooke based on material from 43 new sources, combined with results already published (1929) have led to the following conclusions: (i) Collections from North America may be divided into two groups, a large Group A, and a small Group B. Monosporous mycelia of any culture in Group A are compatible (mutually fertile) with those of every other member of the group; similarly monosporous mycelia of any member of Group B are compatible with other monosporous mycelia of Group B; but monosporous mycelia of Group A are almost completely incompatible (sterile) when paired with those of Group B. (ii) Collections of European and Japanese origin form a third Group C. These are almost completely compatible with Group A and only partially incompatible with Group B. (iii) In Group B are several isolates of the so-called Populus or hardwood form of F. pinicola which has been designated at times as a separate species F. marginatus. The remainder are, however, the typical coniferous or "red-belt" form.

scholarly journals Assessment of educational outcomes of small group discussion versus traditional lecture format among undergraduate medical students

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prakash Joshi ◽  
Suhasini Padugupati ◽  
M. Robins
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Small Group Discussion ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Group A ◽  
Student’S Performance ◽  
Group B

Background: In present scenario, medical students are over burdened with high academic load making learning more complicated than simple. In the recent past a lot of importance has been given for active learning by implementing various approaches like tutorials, seminars, small group discussionsetc. Small group discussion enhances student-faculty interaction, improves communication skills and provides a platform to exchange of ideas, which will result in deeper learning and better academic achievements by students. Present study was conducted to find out educational outcomes of SDG. The objectives of study were to assess and compare the educational outcomes of student’s performance by 2 methods of teaching- Didactic lectures versus SGD and to assess student’s perception towards small group discussions in Community Medicine.Methods: Total 140 students of 7th semester participated in educational experimental quasi study. These participants were divided in to two groups on bases of systematic random sampling. Group A (Roll.no. 1 to 70) and Group B (Roll.no. 71 to 140). For conducting effective SDG, students were divided in 7 subgroups (10 students in each group). Demography (for group A) and family planning (for group B after cross over) topics were selected for SGD. Feedback from students were also recorded.Results: The post test scores of SGD, group A (15.6±3.55) were higher in comparison with that of the lecture session of group B (8.81 ± 2.8). After the crossover, the students exposed to SGD, group B (13.85±3.81) scored more than the students exposed to the lecture group, group A (9.08±2.94).perception of feedback on SGD shows that 80% of the students strongly opine that SGD has improved their performance.Conclusions: Result has shown that SGDs had a positive impact on performance of the students, the mean values in post-tests of both groups were statistically significant. Around 80% of student strongly agreed that SGD is comprehensive tool for in-depth learning by teacher-student interaction and 79% felt that SDG is better than didactic lecture. Significant changes in student’s performance and retention capacity were observed. 

An ultrastructural study of sertoli cells in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
Taber A. Ba-Omar ◽  
Philip F. Prentis
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Freshwater Teleost ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
The North ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Group B ◽  
Geographically Isolated

We have recently carried out a study of spermiogenic differentiation in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar (freshwater teleost), with a view to ascertaining variation at the ultrastructural level. The sampling areas were the Jebel Al Akhdar in the north (Group A) and the Dhofar region (Group B) in the south. Specimens from each group were collected, the testes removed, fixed in Karnovsky solution, post fixed in OsO, en bloc stained with uranyl acetate and then routinely processed to Agar 100 resin, semi and ultrathin sections were prepared for study.

Comparison of one-year prognosis of patients classified as chronic critical lower limb ischaemia according to TASC II or European consensus definition in the COPART cohort

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 0220-0228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Vircoulon ◽  
Carine Boulon ◽  
Ileana Desormais ◽  
Philippe Lacroix ◽  
Victor Aboyans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Critical Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Medical Group ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽  
European Consensus ◽  
Group A ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B

Background: We compared one-year amputation and survival rates in patients fulfilling 1991 European consensus critical limb ischaemia (CLI) definition to those clas, sified as CLI by TASC II but not European consensus (EC) definition. Patients and methods: Patients were selected from the COPART cohort of hospitalized patients with peripheral occlusive arterial disease suffering from lower extremity rest pain or ulcer and who completed one-year follow-up. Ankle and toe systolic pressures and transcutaneous oxygen pressure were measured. The patients were classified into two groups: those who could benefit from revascularization and those who could not (medical group). Within these groups, patients were separated into those who had CLI according to the European consensus definition (EC + TASC II: group A if revascularization, group C if medical treatment) and those who had no CLI by the European definition but who had CLI according to the TASC II definition (TASC: group B if revascularization and D if medical treatment). Results: 471 patients were included in the study (236 in the surgical group, 235 in the medical group). There was no difference according to the CLI definition for survival or cardiovascular event-free survival. However, major amputations were more frequent in group A than in group B (25 vs 12 %, p = 0.046) and in group C than in group D (38 vs 20 %, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Major amputation is twice as frequent in patients with CLI according to the historical European consensus definition than in those classified to the TASC II definition but not the EC. Caution is required when comparing results of recent series to historical controls. The TASC II definition of CLI is too wide to compare patients from clinical trials so we suggest separating these patients into two different stages: permanent (TASC II but not EC definition) and critical ischaemia (TASC II and EC definition).

Absorbable suture material in carotid surgery

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Gasbarro ◽  
Luca Traina ◽  
Francesco Mascoli ◽  
Vincenzo Coscia ◽  
Gianluca Buffone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suture Material ◽  
Absorbable Suture ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
Carotid Surgery ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Absorbable Suture Material ◽  
Absorbable Sutures ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract. Background: Absorbable sutures are not generally accepted by most vascular surgeons for the fear of breakage of the suture line and the risk of aneurysmal formation, except in cases of paediatric surgery or in case of infections. Aim of this study is to provide evidence of safety and efficacy of the use of absorbable suture materials in carotid surgery. Patients and methods: In an 11 year period, 1126 patients (659 male [58.5 %], 467 female [41.5 %], median age 72) underwent carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis by either conventional with primary closure (cCEA) or eversion (eCEA) techniques. Patients were randomised into two groups according to the type of suture material used. In Group A, absorbable suture material (polyglycolic acid) was used and in Group B non-absorbable suture material (polypropylene) was used. Primary end-point was to compare severe restenosis and aneurysmal formation rates between the two groups of patients. For statistical analysis only cases with a minimum period of follow-up of 12 months were considered. Results: A total of 868 surgical procedures were considered for data analysis. Median follow-up was 6 years (range 1-10 years). The rate of postoperative complications was better for group A for both cCEA and eCEA procedures: 3.5 % and 2.0 % for group A, respectively, and 11.8 % and 12.9 % for group B, respectively. Conclusions: In carotid surgery, the use of absorbable suture material seems to be safe and effective and with a general lower complications rate compared to the use of non-absorbable materials.

Randomized trial of medical compression stockings versus two-layer short-stretch bandaging in the management of venous leg ulcers

Phlebologie ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Franek ◽  
L. Brzezinska-Wcislo ◽  
E. Blaszczak ◽  
A. Polak ◽  
J. Taradaj
Keyword(s):  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Leg Ulcers ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Venous Leg Ulcers ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Medical Compression Stockings

SummaryA prospective randomized clinical trial was undertaken to compare a medical compression stockings with two-layer short-stretch bandaging in the management of venous leg ulcers. Study endpoints were number of completely healed wounds and the clinical parameters predicting the outcome. Patients, methods: Eighty patients with venous leg ulcers were included in this study, and ultimately allocated into two comparative groups. Group A consisted of 40 patients (25 women, 15 men). They were treated with the compression stockings (25–32 mmHg) and drug therapy. Group B consisted of 40 patients (22 women, 18 men). They were treated with the short-stretch bandages (30–40 mmHg) and drug therapy, administered identically as in group A. Results: Within two months the 15/40 (37.50%) patients in group A and 5/40 (12.50%) in group B were healed completely (p = 0.01). For patients with isolated superficial reflux, the healing rates at two months were 45.45% (10/22 healed) in group A and 18.18% (4/22 healed) in group B (p = 0.01). For patients with superficial plus deep reflux, the healing rates were 27.77% (5/18 healed) in group A and 5.55% (1/18 healed) in group B (p = 0.002). Comparison of relative change of the total surface area (61.55% in group A vs. 23.66% in group B), length (41.67% in group A vs. 27.99% in group B), width (46.16% in group A vs. 29.33% in group B), and volume (82.03% in group A vs. 40.01% in group B) demonstrated difference (p = 0.002 in all comparisons) in favour of group A. Conclusion: The medical compression stockings are extremely useful therapy in enhancement of venous leg ulcer healing (both for patients with superficial and for patients who had superficial plus deep reflux). Bandages are less effective (especially for patients with superficial plus deep reflux, where the efficiency compared to the stockings of applied compression appeared dramatically low). These findings require confirmation in other randomized clinical trials with long term results.

Hypercoagulable State in the Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbit, an Animal Model for the Progression of Atherosclerosis

1989 ◽  
Vol 61 (01) ◽  
pp. 140-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Mori ◽  
Hideo Wada ◽  
Yutaka Nagano ◽  
Katsumi Deguch ◽  
Toru Kita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin K ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clotting Factor ◽  
Clotting Factors ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hyperlipidemic Rabbit ◽  
Group B ◽  
Progression Of Atherosclerosis

SummaryBlood coagulation in a strain of rabbits designated as Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits was examined. The activities of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, contact factors and clotting factor VIII (F VIII) and the fibrinogen level were significantly higher in WHHL rabbits than in normolipidemic rabbits (all age groups). Values for vitamin Independent clotting factor were already higher at 2 months of age. Contact factors and fibrinogen levels increased age after 5 to 8 months. F VIII increased between 5 and 8 months and then decreased. At 2 months of age, WHHL rabbits were divided into two groups. Group A was fed standard rabbit chow and group B standard rabbit chow containing 1% probucol. Probucol prevented the progression of atherosclerosis in group B in the absence of a significant reduction in plasma cholesterol level. F VIII and fibrinogen levels were statistically decreased in all rabbits at all ages in group B (P<0.05). These differences in clotting factors between the two groups were most obvious at 8 months (P<0.02).We conclude that vitamin K-dependent clotting factors may increase with hyperlipemia and that increases in F VIII and fibrinogen may be closely related to the progression of throm- boatherosclerosis.

Factor II Related Antigen and Antithrombin III Levels as Indicators of Liver Failure in Consumption Coagulopathy

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (03) ◽  
pp. 218-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sié ◽  
E Letrenne ◽  
C Caranobe ◽  
M Genestal ◽  
B Cathala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Antithrombin Iii ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Consumption Coagulopathy ◽  
Blood Coagulation Factors ◽  
Factor Ii ◽  
At Iii ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SummaryIn order to detect impaired synthesis of blood coagulation factors associated to consumption coagulopathy, a simultaneous evaluation of factor II-related antigen (II rAg) and of antithrombin III (AT III) was carried out in 16 patients affected with severe defibrination. An in vitro preliminary study on plasma and serum demonstrated that the levels of II rAg and of AT III, assessed by the Laurell technique with Behring antisera, were not reduced by the coagulation process. The patients were, a posteriori, classified into two groups according to the absence (group A) or the presence (group B) of factors predisposing to liver failure such as metastasis, cirrhosis, and prolonged shock. II rAg and AT III levels are significantly correlated; they are in the normal range in group A but reduced in group B. Thus II rAg or AT III level determinations are useful markers in the detection of liver failure associated to the consumption phenomenon. These results also suggest that part of the decreased AT III levels reported in severe cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation may be the consequence of an associated liver failure.

Blood Viscosity and Platelet Aggregation in Male and Female Patients with Transient Ischaemic Attacks (TIA)

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Palareti ◽  
M. Poggi ◽  
G. Fortunato ◽  
S. Coccheri
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Transient Ischaemic Attacks ◽  
Group A ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group B ◽  
Almost All

A series of 40 patients with TIA (25 males and 15 females) was thoroughly investigated by means of angiography and computerized tomography, and divided into a group (A) of 15 “sine materia”, and a group (B) of 25 with direct or indirect evidence of vascular occlusive or stenotic changes. Blood viscosity at 230 sec-1 37° was cp 4.2 ± 0.3 in the controls, cp 4.7 ± 0.7 in all patients (p < 0.05) cp 4.98 ± 0.7 in all male patients (p < 0.01 versus male controls), and cp 4.75 ± 0.8 in group B (p < 0.02). Haematocrit and Fibrinogen were also significantly increased in all male patients and in group B. Circulating platelet aggregates (CPA) were increased in 40% of the patients. Almost all patients with elevated CPA were males, with a slight prevalence in group B. Changes in blood viscosity parameters and in platelet aggregation in TIA patients were therefore related both to evidence of vascular lesions, and to sex, since they were found to prevail in male patients of both groups.

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