INTERFERTILITY PHENOMENA IN FOMES PINICOLA

1938 ◽  
Vol 16c (9) ◽  
pp. 354-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Mounce ◽  
Ruth Macrae
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Studies of sexuality in Fomes pinicola (Sw.) Cooke based on material from 43 new sources, combined with results already published (1929) have led to the following conclusions: (i) Collections from North America may be divided into two groups, a large Group A, and a small Group B. Monosporous mycelia of any culture in Group A are compatible (mutually fertile) with those of every other member of the group; similarly monosporous mycelia of any member of Group B are compatible with other monosporous mycelia of Group B; but monosporous mycelia of Group A are almost completely incompatible (sterile) when paired with those of Group B. (ii) Collections of European and Japanese origin form a third Group C. These are almost completely compatible with Group A and only partially incompatible with Group B. (iii) In Group B are several isolates of the so-called Populus or hardwood form of F. pinicola which has been designated at times as a separate species F. marginatus. The remainder are, however, the typical coniferous or "red-belt" form.

‘Where chaos was, there shall be a matrix’ (de Maré). The large analytic group between chaos and creativity—reflections on the concept, its history and further evolution

2020 ◽  
pp. 053331642094267
Author(s):  
Peter Potthoff
Keyword(s):  
Group Theory ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Dyadic Relationship ◽  
Analytic Group ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Intervention Technique ◽  
Analytic Process ◽  
Group Experiences ◽  
Group A ◽  
Analytic Attitude

The author presents a survey of the development of large group theory. Older publications (e.g. Kreeger, Turqet, also drawing on Freud, M. Klein, Bion) describe the chaotic-aggressive, near-psychosis character of the large group, a certain contrast between the seemingly ‘benign’ small group and the ‘destructive’ large group and a predominantly dyadic relationship between the conductor and the large group. More recent publications (Wilke, Island, formerly also de Maré) underline the creative-constructive potential of the large group and the intersubjective interweaving of the conductor and the large group. Experiences with a conductor-pair in the daily large group of the Altaussee workshop instead of one conductor are discussed. The author pleads for the application of modern intersubjective theorizing to the large group. The analytic attitude and intervention technique would be changed: the traditional position of strict neutrality, anonymity and abstinence as well as the emphasis on whole-group interpretations would be substituted by a more open stance that does not hide the subjectivity of the conductor(s) but rather reveals and uses the conductor’s subjectivity to promote the analytic process.

Nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer phylogeny and host diversity in the coelomycete Phomopsis

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 1666-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Rehner ◽  
Francis A. Uecker
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Plant Hosts ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Species concepts in Phomopsis are based primarily on host association because morphological and cultural characters are generally insufficient for species diagnosis. Increasingly, there are reports that some species of Phomopsis are not host restricted but are capable of infecting several or more taxonomically unrelated host genera. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequences (ITS1 and ITS2) for 43 North American and Caribbean strains of Phomopsis isolated from diverse plant hosts and geographic origins resolved three clades, provisionally termed groups A, B, and C. Group A consists of isolates from shrubs and trees originating primarily from eastern North America. Group B includes isolates from woody and herbaceous plants that originate from tropical to subtropical regions and produce paraphyses among their conidiogenous cells. Group C occurs primarily on herbaceous plant hosts, including agricultural field crops, and is widely distributed throughout temperate to subtropical North America. Isolates from Europe and Asia may be significantly different in ITS sequences compared with North American isolates. The diversity of host taxa associated with terminal clades in the ITS phylogeny suggests that either Phomopsis species infect more than one host or host switching occurs frequently during speciation. Key words: Ascomycotina, coelomycetes, Diaporthe, ITS, molecular phylogeny, Phomopsis.

scholarly journals EFFECTIVENESS OF FLIPPED SMALL GROUP TEACHING IN UNDERSTANDING PRACTICAL KNOWLEDGE IN MICROBIOLOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-129
Author(s):  
Swapna Kanade ◽  
Gita Nataraj
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
New Technique ◽  
Small Group Teaching ◽  
Feedback Form ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Flipped Classroom is a new technique used in teaching.This study is conducted to determine if a flipped small group discussion is an effective learning method for undergraduates learning clinical microbiology,as compared to traditional practical class in achieving improved understanding, retention and greater satisfaction in the students and to evaluate this system through student feedback. The study was initiated after Institutional Ethics Committee's approval.Materials were developed and validated before commencement of the study.A total of 144 students were included in the study.A 45-minute lecture by a faculty on the selected topic was taken for all the students after which the students were randomly assigned to the groups A or B as follows: Group A: Flipped small group teaching, Group B:Traditional practical class.Validated material of the practical class was send to students of group A one day before of practical class by email.The same was also made available to teachers.Flipped small group teaching and traditional practical class was conducted on the same day for group A and B respectively. After the session, the students administered the performance test as well as the feedback form. Surprise performance test was re-administered to the same students at the end of 15 days to test for subject retention. Results:Significant increase in the marks of the performance test was observed in the group “A“ students as compared to group B students in both first and second test. The feedback given by the students about subjective learning experiences in terms of the enjoyment of the new technique, attention, comfort, and increase in the confidence, participation and whether they would like further learning using the same format definitely had a higher score in Groups A compared with Group B Conclusions: Use of Flipped classroom approach in health education yields a statistically significant improvement in learner performance compared with traditional teaching methods.Use of mobile phone or computer is more acceptable to the students than traditional didactic approach

Romano-British Chimney-Pots and Finials

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. G. Lowther
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

SummaryThe late A. W. G. Lowther had for long collected information on Romano-British ‘chimney-pots’ and in his final years concluded that this was the true function of his Group B, except where a closed base indicated use as ornamental roof-finials. New discoveries have enlarged his originally small Group A, wheel-made pottery vessels with side-openings, which may possibly have had a ritual function. His notes are now presented in a published form, with comments on dating, distribution, and continental parallels; the opportunity has also been taken of adding a short excursus on Romano-British stone finials.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Media Zliqubo Untuk Meningkatkan Kecerdasan Visual Spasial Anak TK

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-91
Author(s):  
Dita Primashanti Koesmadi ◽  
Arwendis Wijayanti ◽  
Elisa Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Learning Design ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Spatial Intelligence ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Trial

Development of Zliqubo Media (Quiet Book Puzzle) to Improve Visual Spatial Intelligence of Group B Kindergarten Children in Kwadungan District, Ngawi Regency. This study aims to: 1) Describe the effectiveness of Zliqubo (Puzzle Quiet Book) to improve the visual spatial intelligence of kindergarten children in group B in Kwadungan District, Ngawi Regency. 2) Describe the efficiency of Zliqubo (Quiet Book Puzzle) to improve the spatial visual intelligence of Group B Kindergarten children in Kwadungan District, Ngawi Regency. 3) Describe the attractiveness of Zliqubo (Puzzle Quiet Book) to improve the visual spatial intelligence of Group B Kindergarten children in Kwadungan District, Ngawi Regency. The research used was Borg & Gall Research and Development. The steps taken include analysis of potential and problems, data collection, product design, product validation, design revisions, product trials, product revisions. The product was tested on students through two stages of validation testing, namely a small group trial of 5 children and a large group trial of 15 children. The subject of the trial was the children of group B Kindergarten Dharma Wanita Dinden which consisted of a small group trial of 5 students and a large group trial of 13 students. Product viability is based on the results of the assessment of material experts, media experts and learning design experts. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis in the form of quantitative descriptive. The results showed that the Zliqubo (Puzzle Quiet Book) which had been developed through a series of trials and expert validation was declared feasible. This is supported by expert material assessment with an average score of 3.42 included in the feasible category, assessment of experts with an average score of 3.7 including the feasible category, learning design expert assessment with an average score of 3.3 including eligible category. product trials get a percentage score (1) 100% of children can do activity I; (2) 93.75% of children can do activity II; (3) 87.5% of children can do activity III; (4) 89.7% of children easily carry out activities; (5) 94.86% of children are safe in playing activities with Zliqubo (Quiet Book Puzzle); (6) 92.30% of children feel happy when playing with Zliqubo (Puzzle Quiet Book). Based on the results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the Zliqubo (Puzzle Quiet Book) for the learning of Group B Kindergarten students in Kwadungan Subdistrict, Ngawi Regency is feasible to use.

scholarly journals Assessment of educational outcomes of small group discussion versus traditional lecture format among undergraduate medical students

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Prakash Joshi ◽  
Suhasini Padugupati ◽  
M. Robins
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Small Group ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Small Group Discussion ◽  
Undergraduate Medical Students ◽  
Group A ◽  
Student’S Performance ◽  
Group B

Background: In present scenario, medical students are over burdened with high academic load making learning more complicated than simple. In the recent past a lot of importance has been given for active learning by implementing various approaches like tutorials, seminars, small group discussionsetc. Small group discussion enhances student-faculty interaction, improves communication skills and provides a platform to exchange of ideas, which will result in deeper learning and better academic achievements by students. Present study was conducted to find out educational outcomes of SDG. The objectives of study were to assess and compare the educational outcomes of student’s performance by 2 methods of teaching- Didactic lectures versus SGD and to assess student’s perception towards small group discussions in Community Medicine.Methods: Total 140 students of 7th semester participated in educational experimental quasi study. These participants were divided in to two groups on bases of systematic random sampling. Group A (Roll.no. 1 to 70) and Group B (Roll.no. 71 to 140). For conducting effective SDG, students were divided in 7 subgroups (10 students in each group). Demography (for group A) and family planning (for group B after cross over) topics were selected for SGD. Feedback from students were also recorded.Results: The post test scores of SGD, group A (15.6±3.55) were higher in comparison with that of the lecture session of group B (8.81 ± 2.8). After the crossover, the students exposed to SGD, group B (13.85±3.81) scored more than the students exposed to the lecture group, group A (9.08±2.94).perception of feedback on SGD shows that 80% of the students strongly opine that SGD has improved their performance.Conclusions: Result has shown that SGDs had a positive impact on performance of the students, the mean values in post-tests of both groups were statistically significant. Around 80% of student strongly agreed that SGD is comprehensive tool for in-depth learning by teacher-student interaction and 79% felt that SDG is better than didactic lecture. Significant changes in student’s performance and retention capacity were observed. 

An ultrastructural study of sertoli cells in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 548-549
Author(s):  
Taber A. Ba-Omar ◽  
Philip F. Prentis
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Level ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Freshwater Teleost ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
The North ◽  
Group A ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
Group B ◽  
Geographically Isolated

We have recently carried out a study of spermiogenic differentiation in two geographically isolated populations of Aphanius dispar (freshwater teleost), with a view to ascertaining variation at the ultrastructural level. The sampling areas were the Jebel Al Akhdar in the north (Group A) and the Dhofar region (Group B) in the south. Specimens from each group were collected, the testes removed, fixed in Karnovsky solution, post fixed in OsO, en bloc stained with uranyl acetate and then routinely processed to Agar 100 resin, semi and ultrathin sections were prepared for study.

Comparison of one-year prognosis of patients classified as chronic critical lower limb ischaemia according to TASC II or European consensus definition in the COPART cohort

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 0220-0228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Vircoulon ◽  
Carine Boulon ◽  
Ileana Desormais ◽  
Philippe Lacroix ◽  
Victor Aboyans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Critical Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Limb Ischaemia ◽  
Medical Group ◽  
Consensus Definition ◽  
Transcutaneous Oxygen ◽  
European Consensus ◽  
Group A ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group B

Background: We compared one-year amputation and survival rates in patients fulfilling 1991 European consensus critical limb ischaemia (CLI) definition to those clas, sified as CLI by TASC II but not European consensus (EC) definition. Patients and methods: Patients were selected from the COPART cohort of hospitalized patients with peripheral occlusive arterial disease suffering from lower extremity rest pain or ulcer and who completed one-year follow-up. Ankle and toe systolic pressures and transcutaneous oxygen pressure were measured. The patients were classified into two groups: those who could benefit from revascularization and those who could not (medical group). Within these groups, patients were separated into those who had CLI according to the European consensus definition (EC + TASC II: group A if revascularization, group C if medical treatment) and those who had no CLI by the European definition but who had CLI according to the TASC II definition (TASC: group B if revascularization and D if medical treatment). Results: 471 patients were included in the study (236 in the surgical group, 235 in the medical group). There was no difference according to the CLI definition for survival or cardiovascular event-free survival. However, major amputations were more frequent in group A than in group B (25 vs 12 %, p = 0.046) and in group C than in group D (38 vs 20 %, p = 0.004). Conclusions: Major amputation is twice as frequent in patients with CLI according to the historical European consensus definition than in those classified to the TASC II definition but not the EC. Caution is required when comparing results of recent series to historical controls. The TASC II definition of CLI is too wide to compare patients from clinical trials so we suggest separating these patients into two different stages: permanent (TASC II but not EC definition) and critical ischaemia (TASC II and EC definition).

Absorbable suture material in carotid surgery

VASA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 451-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Gasbarro ◽  
Luca Traina ◽  
Francesco Mascoli ◽  
Vincenzo Coscia ◽  
Gianluca Buffone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suture Material ◽  
Absorbable Suture ◽  
Paediatric Surgery ◽  
Carotid Surgery ◽  
Suture Materials ◽  
Absorbable Suture Material ◽  
Absorbable Sutures ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract. Background: Absorbable sutures are not generally accepted by most vascular surgeons for the fear of breakage of the suture line and the risk of aneurysmal formation, except in cases of paediatric surgery or in case of infections. Aim of this study is to provide evidence of safety and efficacy of the use of absorbable suture materials in carotid surgery. Patients and methods: In an 11 year period, 1126 patients (659 male [58.5 %], 467 female [41.5 %], median age 72) underwent carotid endarterectomy for carotid stenosis by either conventional with primary closure (cCEA) or eversion (eCEA) techniques. Patients were randomised into two groups according to the type of suture material used. In Group A, absorbable suture material (polyglycolic acid) was used and in Group B non-absorbable suture material (polypropylene) was used. Primary end-point was to compare severe restenosis and aneurysmal formation rates between the two groups of patients. For statistical analysis only cases with a minimum period of follow-up of 12 months were considered. Results: A total of 868 surgical procedures were considered for data analysis. Median follow-up was 6 years (range 1-10 years). The rate of postoperative complications was better for group A for both cCEA and eCEA procedures: 3.5 % and 2.0 % for group A, respectively, and 11.8 % and 12.9 % for group B, respectively. Conclusions: In carotid surgery, the use of absorbable suture material seems to be safe and effective and with a general lower complications rate compared to the use of non-absorbable materials.

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