The impact of yellow stem-borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), on deepwater rice, with special reference to Bangladesh

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Deepwater Rice ◽  
Scirpophaga Incertulas ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Nodal Roots ◽  
The Impact

AbstractUsing several methods, claims that stem-borers, especially Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), cause serious crop loss in deepwater rice were tested in Bangladesh. Insecticides were used to control different borer broods. Early season, pre-flood applications reduced infestation, but did not affect yield. One to three mid- to late-season applications of monocrotophos at 250 g a.i./ha significantly reduced infestation and/or whitehead numbers, with yield savings (7-10%) similar to those which earlier workers obtained by applying diazinon 20 times in a season. In each of six years, tiller populations peaked before flooding, then steadily declined until harvest, but stem-borer infestation varied, remaining low until late season in two of the years. In 1981, infestation lower than 24% pre-flood and 42% at harvest did not affect yield. In 1982, eighty-four correlation calculations showed no consistent significant effects of infestation (27-60%, C.V. 40%) on yield (25 000 stems were dissected). Anatomical studies of elongated stems revealed S. incertulas feeding neither causes significant structural damage nor seriously interrupts nutrient flow; also, the passage of a larva through a nodal septum is not detrimental. Irrespective of stem-borer attack, the submerged lower internodes commonly die, the fibrous remains anchor the upper stem, and nodal roots take over nutrient uptake. Studies of panicle-bearing stems (n = 838) showed that, even with 97% stem infestation, most yield loss results from infestation of the terminal internode and is manifested predominantly as whiteheads. In a specific study, 94% whiteheads (n = 205) were associated with terminal internode infestation, where larval feeding in the narrow stem had disrupted food conduction, so preventing grain-filling. The apparent tolerance of S. incertulas by deepwater rice varieties is consistent with their being a primitive group of cultivated rices.

Influence of Scirpophaga incertulas (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) on deepwater rice

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahirul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Deepwater Rice ◽  
Scirpophaga Incertulas ◽  
Flood Peak ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Stem Damage

AbstractThe influence of the lepidopteran stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker), the most important pest of deepwater rice (Oryza sativa) in south-east Asia, on plant and grain yield was investigated in Bangladesh during 1982–85. Four mechanisms of crop loss were identified: (i) deadhearts at the vegetative stage, (ii) loss of damaged but apparently healthy stems in flood water, (iii) white-heads at the reproductive stage and (iv) the effect of late season stem damage on panicles. A great proportion of damaged stems was not visible and damage symptoms were found to be an unreliable indicator for the assessment of borer activities in the field, and did not represent the actual yield loss. Stem damage had a negative influence on the stem density, with reduced panicle density and grain yield. Stem borer damage also seemed to reduce the elongation ability of the rice stem causing them to rot. Late season stem damage reduced the number of filled grains, mean grain weight and panicle weight and increased grain sterility. These effects were related to severity and position of damage. The average estimated yield loss due to S. incertulas was about 17% which took place during the last 11 weeks (from flood peak to crop maturity) of the deepwater rice season (32 weeks).

scholarly journals Effect of seedbed solarization on plant growth and yield of two rice varieties–BR11 and BRRI Dhan33

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
MG Neogi ◽  
AKM Salah Uddin ◽  
MT Uddin ◽  
J Lauren
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Main Field ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Season ◽  
The Impact

An experiment was carried out at RDRS Farm in Rangpur during the 2014 T. aman rice season to determine the impact of seedbed solarization on plant growth and yield of rice varieties, BR11 and BR33. Solarization was achieved by covering the seedbeds with transparent polythene sheet for four weeks prior to sowing. Seedlings of both varieties were raised on solarized and non-solarized seedbeds and later transplanted into the main field for comparison of growth and yield. Emergence, seedling height and weight, root length and weight were higher with seedlings raised on solarized seedbeds compared to seedlings from non-solarized seedbeds. Also root knot nematode galls decreased significantly on seedlings from solarized seedbeds compared to those from non-solarized seedbeds for both the varieties tested. The increase in height and weight of solarized seedlings enabled easy access for uprooting and transplanting seedlings in the main field within the recommended 20-25 days after sowing. When transplanted in untreated main fields, plants grown from the solarized seedlings of both the rice varieties had significantly less infestation of stem borer as compared to non-solarized plants. Grain yields obtained from solarized seedlings were 7% higher for BR11 and 9% higher for BR33 relative to normal seedlings.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(1): 55-59, January 2017

Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Population Differentiation in Two Species of Stem Borers from Bohol, Philippines

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
KAY P. RAMOS ◽  
REIZL P. JOSE ◽  
GENEVIEVE C. TONOG ◽  
NYZAR MABETH O. ODCHIMAR ◽  
JHOAN RHEA L. PIZON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Stem Borers ◽  
Scirpophaga Incertulas ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Geometric Morphometric Analysis

Stem borers are one of the most important insect pests that could infest rice plants from seedling to maturity and thus play a major role in crop losses. The study of its mandible that is used in feeding of stem borer would help understand the mechanisms and variations that could affect the adaptation and modification affecting severity of infestation. In this study, the mandible of two population of stem borers, the yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas and the striped stemborer (Chilo suppressalis) in three rice varieties IR-66, Pioneer 77 and  Bigante  were used to analyze the adaptation with regards to mandible shape in relation to rice variety in the same geographical location using outline-based (elliptic Fourier) geometric morphometric (GM) analysis to determine the shape variations in the left and right mandible of two population of stem borers. Further, scatter plot method was used to illustrate variations in the shapes of the mandibles between populations. Results of this study showed symmetrical shape variations in the right and left mandible of the two species of stem borers and their accumulation to the kind of rice plant varieties were not selective. Keywords - Animal ecology, stem borer, mandible, geometric morphometric analysis,Philippines

Saturated hydrocarbons in rice yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (walker) damaged rice varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
A. Pavviya ◽  
R. Nalini ◽  
M. Kalyanasundaram ◽  
K. Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
M. Paramasivam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Borer ◽  
Scirpophaga Incertulas ◽  
Saturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Yellow Stem Borer

Natural parasitism of eggs of yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in rice ecosystem at Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
T. Sharmitha ◽  
C. Gailce Leo Justin ◽  
S. Sheeba Joyce Roseleen ◽  
P. Yasodha
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Host Density ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Scirpophaga Incertulas ◽  
Egg Masses ◽  
Yellow Stem Borer ◽  
Rice Ecosystem ◽  
Natural Parasitism

Three species of parasitoids viz., Telenomus dignus Gahan, Trichogramma japonicum, Ishii and Tetrastichus schoenobii Ferriere were recorded from the egg masses of rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas (Walker) in a field study. The extent of parasitism was high during Rabi (43.33 – 93.33 %) and low during Kharif (0 - 40.00 %). Parasitism by T. dignus was maximum in October (50.00 %), T. japonicum, in November (23.08 %) and T. schoenobii in February (55.55 %). dignus and T. schoenobii in combination parasitized maximum number of egg masses (41.82 %). Multiple parasitism by the three species was high in December (8.33 %) and January (7.14%). Parasitic potential was maximum, when T. schoenobii alone parasitised the egg masses followed by T. dignus and T. schoenobii in combination. Host density in the field influenced the extent of parasitism.

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